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gravitation and cogravitation
gravitation and cogravitation

... Jefimenko presented a force law including a velocity-dependent term and said (page 333): “where v is the velocity of the body.” Once more we can ask, velocity of Mercury relative to what? Unfortunately we don’t find an answer to this crucial question in the book. As Jefimenko’s force law depends upo ...
Chapter3 (with interactive links)
Chapter3 (with interactive links)

... =>An object in motion will continue moving along a straight line with a constant speed until an unbalanced force acts on it. He also came up with formulas for distance, velocity and acceleration as a function of time. For constant (uniform) acceleration, such as for falling bodies, starting from res ...
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Physics 311A Special Relativity

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... By rolling balls down wood ramps, Galileo studied how gravity produces _________________ constant acceleration. • He concluded that moving objects NOT subjected to friction ______________ or any other force would continue to move ___________________. indefinitely ...
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Δx = vxt 32 m = 16 m/s

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Acceleration Due to Gravity. Free Fall

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Forces Problem Set - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca

... **********Be sure to draw a proper Free Body Diagram for EVERY question!************* You may also wish to summarize your notes on forces and friction briefly before you begin. 1) An astronaut finds that the force of gravity on her is 1.83  103 N on a certain planet and 6.86  102 N on earth. What ...
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Newton`s Laws of Motion

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Lab: Applications of Newton`s Second Law of Motion Purpose: To

... 19. How does your measured value compare to your calculated value? If there are differences, try to account for them. How could you eliminate the difference? Answers will vary but should either show a very close comparison between calculated and measured values or values that are substantially diffe ...
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CIE IGCSE Physics Circular motion and..

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worksheet 4

... 4. Most modern satellites are lifted to their desired orbiting heights by multistage rocket systems. 5. The speed necessary for a satellite to stay in a circular orbit is about 8 km/ s, or about 29 000 km/hr. 6. The former Soviet Union launched the first artificial Earth satellite in 1980. 7. Most c ...
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Newton`s Second Law of Motion

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Jeopardy! Review - Derry Area School District

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AP Projectile,circular, gravitation test (final)

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P2a Forces and Their Effects

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... resolved rotation curves have been extracted and fitted with synthetic velocity fields that account for geometric distortions and blurring effects. With these models, the intrinsic maximum rotation velocity Vmax was derived for 73 spirals. By comparing our sample to the Tully-Fisher Relation of loca ...
P2a Forces and Their Effects
P2a Forces and Their Effects

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Modified Newtonian dynamics



In physics, modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is a theory that proposes a modification of Newton's laws to account for observed properties of galaxies. Created in 1983 by Israeli physicist Mordehai Milgrom, the theory's original motivation was to explain the fact that the velocities of stars in galaxies were observed to be larger than expected based on Newtonian mechanics. Milgrom noted that this discrepancy could be resolved if the gravitational force experienced by a star in the outer regions of a galaxy was proportional to the square of its centripetal acceleration (as opposed to the centripetal acceleration itself, as in Newton's Second Law), or alternatively if gravitational force came to vary inversely with radius (as opposed to the inverse square of the radius, as in Newton's Law of Gravity). In MOND, violation of Newton's Laws occurs at extremely small accelerations, characteristic of galaxies yet far below anything typically encountered in the Solar System or on Earth.MOND is an example of a class of theories known as modified gravity, and is an alternative to the hypothesis that the dynamics of galaxies are determined by massive, invisible dark matter halos. Since Milgrom's original proposal, MOND has successfully predicted a variety of galactic phenomena that are difficult to understand from a dark matter perspective. However, MOND and its generalisations do not adequately account for observed properties of galaxy clusters, and no satisfactory cosmological model has been constructed from the theory.
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