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the quantum vacuum
the quantum vacuum

... contributed to the specific heat of gases (Einstein and Stern, 1913). In 1916, NERNST wrote that the electromagnetic field should be, even in empty space and at absolute zero-point of temperature, i.e., in its ground state, in a state of ceaseless activity (the „quantum fluctuations“ of virtual phot ...
Effective Field Theory
Effective Field Theory

... are integrated out from the action. One gets in this way a string of nonrenormalizable interactions among the light states, which can be organized as an expansion in powers of energy/Λ. The information on the heavier degrees of freedom is then contained in the couplings of the resulting lowenergy La ...
Moti relativi
Moti relativi

... Preface to the second edition While keeping the same target and the same design principles as the first one, the second edition results from a complete review (more precise definition of the parity of the spinors, further clarification of the concepts of helicity versus chirality, description of th ...
Lectures on Collider Physics
Lectures on Collider Physics

... concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, which have been of essential importance for the development of the quark model in particle physics 3. 1988: Lederman, Schwartz, Steinberger: for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of ...
Preprint
Preprint

... less for the alkali condensates. This is in contrast to liquid helium where this correction (called quantum depletion) is about 90%. This means that even for the interacting gases, the atoms can all be regarded as having the same single-particle wavefunction with 99% accuracy. Consequently, gaseous ...
Notes/All Physics IB/Fundimental Particles
Notes/All Physics IB/Fundimental Particles

... everything made of?” is found in the first generation. The atoms and molecules of our everyday world are all made of up quarks, down quarks and electrons. The other generations are needed to explain the structure of particles created in high-energy physics labs, cosmic rays or various exotic astrono ...
t - H1
t - H1

... In MSSM Higgs x-section are likely to be much enhanced as compared to Standard Model (tan large because MHiggs > 115 GeV) CP violation is highly probable in MSSM similar masses ~120 GeV ...
The Standard Model of particle physics and beyond.
The Standard Model of particle physics and beyond.

... In addition, the associated antiparticles. The only difference between generations lies in the (increasing) mass. Experimental status [Particle Data Group Review]. * All these particules have been observed. * Last ones: top quark (1995) and tau neutrino (2001). The Standard Model of particle physics ...
LHC sensitivity to almost all SM Higgs masses 2011-12
LHC sensitivity to almost all SM Higgs masses 2011-12

... Dijets @ muliti-TeV ...
DISCRETE 2016: Fifth Symposium on Prospects in the Physics of
DISCRETE 2016: Fifth Symposium on Prospects in the Physics of

... the standard seesaw model what is the minimum value the mass of a right-handed (RH) neutrino must have for allowing successful leptogenesis via CP-violating decays? I show that, for low RH neutrino masses and thanks to thermal effects, leptogenesis turns out to proceed efficiently from the decay of ...
PPT
PPT

... electron, proton and em field, under the heavy proton approximation, one can derive a Dirac equation and a Hamiltonian for electron and proved that the time evolution operator is different from the Hamiltonian exactly as we obtained phenomenologically. The nonrelativistic one is the Schroedinger or ...
RLE_PR_140_02_01s
RLE_PR_140_02_01s

... occur, and they can be studied in exquisite detail by laser spectroscopy. Theoretically, much of the phenomena can be interpreted by a variation of Gutzwiller's periodic orbit theory 7 known as closed orbit theory.8 Closed orbit theory can provide a detailed theoretical descrption of Rydberg atoms i ...
Desperately Seeking SUSY h (University of Cambridge) Please ask questions while I’m talking
Desperately Seeking SUSY h (University of Cambridge) Please ask questions while I’m talking

... sign-di lepton analysis Nll predicted by our test point over SM backgrounds, and acceptance A times efficiency ǫ of the signal selection, for the test point. ...
Flux quanta, magnetic field lines, merging
Flux quanta, magnetic field lines, merging

... Under this proposition, a clear definition of a field line can be derived from a quantum-mechanical treatment of magnetic fields in active matter containing electric charges which interact with the magnetic field. Since all charges are attached to masses, one considers the motion of a particle just ...
9 Quantum Phases and Phase Transitions of Mott
9 Quantum Phases and Phase Transitions of Mott

... towards achieving this goal. We will focus mainly on the case of two spatial dimensions (d), but our methods and results often have simple generalizations to d = 3. One useful vantage point for opening this discussion is the family of Mott insulators with a gap to all spin excitations. All spin gap ...
classification of phenomena of parapsychology from the point of
classification of phenomena of parapsychology from the point of

PS - USTC, ICTS
PS - USTC, ICTS

... • It is still a popular idea that the polarized deep Inelastic scattering (DIS) measured quark spin invalidates the constituent quark model (CQM), lead to the so-called proton spin crisis. I will show that there is no proton spin crisis but has a misidentifying of the relativistic quark spin to the ...
Review on Nucleon Spin Structure
Review on Nucleon Spin Structure

... scattering (DIS) measured quark spin invalidates the constituent quark model (CQM), lead to the so-called proton spin crisis. I will show that there is no proton spin crisis but has a misidentifying of the relativistic quark spin to the non-relativistic quark spin. • There are different quark moment ...
The Weak Interaction
The Weak Interaction

... The Weak Interaction The weak interaction is mediated by a gauge boson multiplet: W, Z0, W+ Symbol in a W j = 1 mass = 80.4 GeV/c2 Feynman W+ j = 1 mass = 80.4 GeV/c2 diagram. Z0 j = 1 mass = 91.2 GeV/c2 The large mass implies that the weak interaction has a very short range. It is therefore no w ...
Quantum electrodynamic Aharonov
Quantum electrodynamic Aharonov

... This decay time is very long compared to the period of the vacuum Rabi oscillation obtained from the interaction expressed in Eq. (10b). Therefore, the local overlap of the qubit with the continuous vacuum modes can be neglected when we deal with the nonlocal overlap with a resonant cavity. Note tha ...
Probing Dark Energy with Atom Interferometry.
Probing Dark Energy with Atom Interferometry.

... as we discuss more fully in Appendix D. Consequently, these experiments place no useful constraints on the chameleon parameters. By contrast, measurements of the van der Waals force on individual alkali atoms have used macroscopic sources inside the vacuum [24–26]. An atomic beam was fired tangenti ...
Mirror QCD and Cosmological Constant
Mirror QCD and Cosmological Constant

... www.mdpi.com/journal/universe ...
Lecture 1
Lecture 1

... – ω(780): Γee = Γµµ = 0.60 keV (actually dimuon mode is not that well measured.) – Φ(1020): Γee = Γµµ = 1.2 keV Can we understand the relative magnitudes? Just as for J/ψ, decay involves coupling to virtual photon. The φ is ssbar: electric charge factor (-1/3)2 Both ρ and ω are mixtures of u.ubar an ...
Phase Diagram of the Bose-Hubbard Model with T_3 symmetry
Phase Diagram of the Bose-Hubbard Model with T_3 symmetry

... frustration. The location and the properties of the phase diagram will be analyzed by a variety of approximate analytical methods (mean-field, variational Gutzwiller approach, strong coupling expansion) and by Monte Carlo simulations. The T3 lattice has been experimentally realized in Josephson arra ...
Reflection symmetric ballistic microstructures
Reflection symmetric ballistic microstructures

... for all quantum numbers of the full symmetry group, the invariant ensemble is one of the three circular ensembles.9 Thus for reflection symmetries, S is block diagonal in a basis of definite parity with respect to reflection, with a circular ensemble in each block. This is the natural representation ...
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Higgs mechanism

In the Standard Model of particle physics, the Higgs mechanism is essential to explain the generation mechanism of the property ""mass"" for gauge bosons. Without the Higgs mechanism, or some other effect like it, all bosons (a type of fundamental particle) would be massless, but measurements show that the W+, W−, and Z bosons actually have relatively large masses of around 80 GeV/c2. The Higgs field resolves this conundrum. The simplest description of the mechanism adds a quantum field (the Higgs field) that permeates all space, to the Standard Model. Below some extremely high temperature, the field causes spontaneous symmetry breaking during interactions. The breaking of symmetry triggers the Higgs mechanism, causing the bosons it interacts with to have mass. In the Standard Model, the phrase ""Higgs mechanism"" refers specifically to the generation of masses for the W±, and Z weak gauge bosons through electroweak symmetry breaking. The Large Hadron Collider at CERN announced results consistent with the Higgs particle on March 14, 2013, making it extremely likely that the field, or one like it, exists, and explaining how the Higgs mechanism takes place in nature.The mechanism was proposed in 1962 by Philip Warren Anderson, following work in the late 1950s on symmetry breaking in superconductivity and a 1960 paper by Yoichiro Nambu that discussed its application within particle physics. A theory able to finally explain mass generation without ""breaking"" gauge theory was published almost simultaneously by three independent groups in 1964: by Robert Brout and François Englert; by Peter Higgs; and by Gerald Guralnik, C. R. Hagen, and Tom Kibble. The Higgs mechanism is therefore also called the Brout–Englert–Higgs mechanism or Englert–Brout–Higgs–Guralnik–Hagen–Kibble mechanism, Anderson–Higgs mechanism, Anderson–Higgs-Kibble mechanism, Higgs–Kibble mechanism by Abdus Salam and ABEGHHK'tH mechanism [for Anderson, Brout, Englert, Guralnik, Hagen, Higgs, Kibble and 't Hooft] by Peter Higgs.On October 8, 2013, following the discovery at CERN's Large Hadron Collider of a new particle that appeared to be the long-sought Higgs boson predicted by the theory, it was announced that Peter Higgs and François Englert had been awarded the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics (Englert's co-author Robert Brout had died in 2011 and the Nobel Prize is not usually awarded posthumously).
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