Unbalanced translocation, a major chromosome alteration
... the remaining 130 partial chromosome LOHs (65%), therefore, occurrence of inter- and intrachromosomal rearrangement was indicated. Of the 130 partial LOHs, 93 were detected in cell lines, therefore, structural alterations causing LOH were further assessed by SKY data. Unbalanced translocation was th ...
... the remaining 130 partial chromosome LOHs (65%), therefore, occurrence of inter- and intrachromosomal rearrangement was indicated. Of the 130 partial LOHs, 93 were detected in cell lines, therefore, structural alterations causing LOH were further assessed by SKY data. Unbalanced translocation was th ...
CHAPTER 14 DNA applications in society
... that were previously extracted from tissues of other species. Other recombinant proteins, such as human growth hormone (rec hGH), replaced products that were extracted from tissues of dead people (cadavers). Other recombinant proteins replaced products that were extracted from tissues of living peop ...
... that were previously extracted from tissues of other species. Other recombinant proteins, such as human growth hormone (rec hGH), replaced products that were extracted from tissues of dead people (cadavers). Other recombinant proteins replaced products that were extracted from tissues of living peop ...
Diagnostic protocol for
... each window at the appropriate a dilution. The slides are incubated, rinsed, washed and blotted dry as before. 10 µl of 0.1 mmol l-1 phosphate-buffered glycerine (pH 7.6) with an anti-fadding reagent, is added to each window and covered with a coverslip. The slides are examined with a fluorescence m ...
... each window at the appropriate a dilution. The slides are incubated, rinsed, washed and blotted dry as before. 10 µl of 0.1 mmol l-1 phosphate-buffered glycerine (pH 7.6) with an anti-fadding reagent, is added to each window and covered with a coverslip. The slides are examined with a fluorescence m ...
SNP Analysis of the PTC Gene Using PCR
... nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide. For example when an A is replaced by a C, T or G (Figure 1). When such a mutation is present in at least 1% of the population it is know as a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism or SNP (pronounced “snip”.) A SNP can also occur when a single base pair has been ...
... nucleotide is replaced by another nucleotide. For example when an A is replaced by a C, T or G (Figure 1). When such a mutation is present in at least 1% of the population it is know as a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism or SNP (pronounced “snip”.) A SNP can also occur when a single base pair has been ...
Diagnostic protocol for
... each window at the appropriate a dilution. The slides are incubated, rinsed, washed and blotted dry as before. 10 µl of 0.1 mmol l-1 phosphate-buffered glycerine (pH 7.6) with an anti-fadding reagent, is added to each window and covered with a coverslip. The slides are examined with a fluorescence m ...
... each window at the appropriate a dilution. The slides are incubated, rinsed, washed and blotted dry as before. 10 µl of 0.1 mmol l-1 phosphate-buffered glycerine (pH 7.6) with an anti-fadding reagent, is added to each window and covered with a coverslip. The slides are examined with a fluorescence m ...
Uracil in DNA – occurrence, consequences and repair
... of T generate the A : T transition. The number of cytosine deaminations has been calculated to be in the order of 60 – 500 per genome per day. The uncertainty depends on the average fraction of DNA present in single stranded form, since deamination is 200 – 300fold faster from single stranded DNA th ...
... of T generate the A : T transition. The number of cytosine deaminations has been calculated to be in the order of 60 – 500 per genome per day. The uncertainty depends on the average fraction of DNA present in single stranded form, since deamination is 200 – 300fold faster from single stranded DNA th ...
Quick Ligation™ Kit
... The overall concentration of vector + insert should be between 1– 10 µg/ml for efficient ligation. Insert:vector ratios between 2 and 6 are optimal for single insertions. Ratios below 2:1 result in lower ligation efficiency. Ratios above 6:1 promote multiple inserts. If you are unsure of your DNA co ...
... The overall concentration of vector + insert should be between 1– 10 µg/ml for efficient ligation. Insert:vector ratios between 2 and 6 are optimal for single insertions. Ratios below 2:1 result in lower ligation efficiency. Ratios above 6:1 promote multiple inserts. If you are unsure of your DNA co ...
light - Microbiology
... room for further increase. It is worth noting that, in the case of intermediate males, the ratio of inheritance of distal (his+) and proximal (pro+) markers does not differ significantly before and after U.V. treatment. Table I . A comparisonof the eflect of u.v. irradiation on thefertility of isoge ...
... room for further increase. It is worth noting that, in the case of intermediate males, the ratio of inheritance of distal (his+) and proximal (pro+) markers does not differ significantly before and after U.V. treatment. Table I . A comparisonof the eflect of u.v. irradiation on thefertility of isoge ...
Ultraviolet Induction of Chromosome Transfer by
... room for further increase. It is worth noting that, in the case of intermediate males, the ratio of inheritance of distal (his+) and proximal (pro+) markers does not differ significantly before and after U.V. treatment. Table I . A comparisonof the eflect of u.v. irradiation on thefertility of isoge ...
... room for further increase. It is worth noting that, in the case of intermediate males, the ratio of inheritance of distal (his+) and proximal (pro+) markers does not differ significantly before and after U.V. treatment. Table I . A comparisonof the eflect of u.v. irradiation on thefertility of isoge ...
lecture 1 File
... When bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) infect a bacterial cell, their normal mode of reproduction is to harness the replicational, transcriptional, and translation machinery of the host bacterial cell to make numerous virions, or complete viral particles, including the viral DNA or RNA a ...
... When bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) infect a bacterial cell, their normal mode of reproduction is to harness the replicational, transcriptional, and translation machinery of the host bacterial cell to make numerous virions, or complete viral particles, including the viral DNA or RNA a ...
Diagnostic protocol for
... mmol l-1 phosphate-buffered glycerine (pH 7.6) with an anti-fading reagent, is added to each window and covered with a coverslip. The slides are examined with a fluorescence microscope under immersion oil at x 600 or x 1000. The FITC will fluoresce bright green under the ultraviolet light of the mic ...
... mmol l-1 phosphate-buffered glycerine (pH 7.6) with an anti-fading reagent, is added to each window and covered with a coverslip. The slides are examined with a fluorescence microscope under immersion oil at x 600 or x 1000. The FITC will fluoresce bright green under the ultraviolet light of the mic ...
An improved technique for isolating codominant compound
... SSR markers, this approach substantially reduced the cost of developing codominant markers and analyzing their polymorphism. We have demonstrated this technique for Dendropanax trifidus and easily developed 11 codominant markers with high polymorphism for D. trifidus. Use of the technique for succes ...
... SSR markers, this approach substantially reduced the cost of developing codominant markers and analyzing their polymorphism. We have demonstrated this technique for Dendropanax trifidus and easily developed 11 codominant markers with high polymorphism for D. trifidus. Use of the technique for succes ...
Plant centromeres: structure and control Eric J Richards and R Kelly
... assembly checkpoint that determines when anaphase begins [1]. The animal kinetochore has four plate-like layers that may have unique functions in chromosome movement. The outermost layer, known as the fibrous corona, carries molecular motors that are involved in chromosome movement [2]. Inside of th ...
... assembly checkpoint that determines when anaphase begins [1]. The animal kinetochore has four plate-like layers that may have unique functions in chromosome movement. The outermost layer, known as the fibrous corona, carries molecular motors that are involved in chromosome movement [2]. Inside of th ...
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... Chromosomal preparations from both the partners were obtained from lymphocyte cultures from peripheral venous blood. Peripheral blood samples from the parents of the male proband were not obtained due to their non availability. Following the mandatory procedure, along with the main application the w ...
... Chromosomal preparations from both the partners were obtained from lymphocyte cultures from peripheral venous blood. Peripheral blood samples from the parents of the male proband were not obtained due to their non availability. Following the mandatory procedure, along with the main application the w ...
Detection of chromosome 2 and chromosome 7 within X-ray
... lagging chromosomes induced by spindle poisons is micronucleation, which occurs after mitosis during nuclear membrane formation. The cytokinesis block method using cytochalasin B allows detection of cells which have undergone division, as binucleated cells, and micronuclei occurring in such cells ca ...
... lagging chromosomes induced by spindle poisons is micronucleation, which occurs after mitosis during nuclear membrane formation. The cytokinesis block method using cytochalasin B allows detection of cells which have undergone division, as binucleated cells, and micronuclei occurring in such cells ca ...
High-Resolution Single-Copy Gene Fluorescence in Situ
... High-resolution cytogenetic maps provide important biological information on genome organization and function, as they correlate genetic distance with cytological structures, and are an invaluable complement to physical sequence data. The most direct way to generate a cytogenetic map is to localize ...
... High-resolution cytogenetic maps provide important biological information on genome organization and function, as they correlate genetic distance with cytological structures, and are an invaluable complement to physical sequence data. The most direct way to generate a cytogenetic map is to localize ...
as PDF
... the other hand has the lowest buffering capacity but provides the best resolution for larger DNA which implies the need for lower voltage and more time with a better product. Lithium Borate (LB) - relatively new buffer and is ineffective in resolving fragments larger than 5 kbp. However, with its lo ...
... the other hand has the lowest buffering capacity but provides the best resolution for larger DNA which implies the need for lower voltage and more time with a better product. Lithium Borate (LB) - relatively new buffer and is ineffective in resolving fragments larger than 5 kbp. However, with its lo ...
Comparative genomic hybridization
Comparative genomic hybridization is a molecular cytogenetic method for analysing copy number variations (CNVs) relative to ploidy level in the DNA of a test sample compared to a reference sample, without the need for culturing cells. The aim of this technique is to quickly and efficiently compare two genomic DNA samples arising from two sources, which are most often closely related, because it is suspected that they contain differences in terms of either gains or losses of either whole chromosomes or subchromosomal regions (a portion of a whole chromosome). This technique was originally developed for the evaluation of the differences between the chromosomal complements of solid tumor and normal tissue, and has an improved resoIution of 5-10 megabases compared to the more traditional cytogenetic analysis techniques of giemsa banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) which are limited by the resolution of the microscope utilized.This is achieved through the use of competitive fluorescence in situ hybridization. In short, this involves the isolation of DNA from the two sources to be compared, most commonly a test and reference source, independent labelling of each DNA sample with a different fluorophores (fluorescent molecules) of different colours (usually red and green), denaturation of the DNA so that it is single stranded, and the hybridization of the two resultant samples in a 1:1 ratio to a normal metaphase spread of chromosomes, to which the labelled DNA samples will bind at their locus of origin. Using a fluorescence microscope and computer software, the differentially coloured fluorescent signals are then compared along the length of each chromosome for identification of chromosomal differences between the two sources. A higher intensity of the test sample colour in a specific region of a chromosome indicates the gain of material of that region in the corresponding source sample, while a higher intensity of the reference sample colour indicates the loss of material in the test sample in that specific region. A neutral colour (yellow when the fluorophore labels are red and green) indicates no difference between the two samples in that location.CGH is only able to detect unbalanced chromosomal abnormalities. This is because balanced chromosomal abnormalities such as reciprocal translocations, inversions or ring chromosomes do not affect copy number, which is what is detected by CGH technologies. CGH does, however, allow for the exploration of all 46 human chromosomes in single test and the discovery of deletions and duplications, even on the microscopic scale which may lead to the identification of candidate genes to be further explored by other cytological techniques.Through the use of DNA microarrays in conjunction with CGH techniques, the more specific form of array CGH (aCGH) has been developed, allowing for a locus-by-locus measure of CNV with increased resolution as low as 100 kilobases. This improved technique allows for the aetiology of known and unknown conditions to be discovered.