Foam Faults
... Planet Earth is a layered planet with a dense, metallic core, a layer of hot liquid rock (mantle), and a cold brittle surface (crust or lithosphere). The crust is broken up into many huge pieces called plates. Convection currents in the liquid mantle pull a plate into, away from, or along another pl ...
... Planet Earth is a layered planet with a dense, metallic core, a layer of hot liquid rock (mantle), and a cold brittle surface (crust or lithosphere). The crust is broken up into many huge pieces called plates. Convection currents in the liquid mantle pull a plate into, away from, or along another pl ...
d6 Lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere - e
... measured in cm/yr over lineal distances of thousands of kilometers. Above the asthenosphere, at the same rate of deformation, rock behaves elastically and, being brittle, it can break (fault). The shell of rock above the asthenosphere is called the lithosphere (Gk. lithos, stone). The lithosphere as ...
... measured in cm/yr over lineal distances of thousands of kilometers. Above the asthenosphere, at the same rate of deformation, rock behaves elastically and, being brittle, it can break (fault). The shell of rock above the asthenosphere is called the lithosphere (Gk. lithos, stone). The lithosphere as ...
ppt: EarthInteriorJeopardy20Q
... B. The core is generating heat from radioactive decay of some elements. C. The original heat generated from Earth’s formation is still in the core. D. All of the above. ...
... B. The core is generating heat from radioactive decay of some elements. C. The original heat generated from Earth’s formation is still in the core. D. All of the above. ...
A seismic refraction study of the Cocos plate offshore Nicaragua and
... Wet slab hypothesis: 1. Steep subduction beneath Nicaragua leads to increased bending, faulting of downgoing Cocos plate. 2. Mantle of downgoing plate is serpentinized at the outer rise of the Middle American Trench. 3. Water is released from subducting slab mantle at 100 km depth, where serpentini ...
... Wet slab hypothesis: 1. Steep subduction beneath Nicaragua leads to increased bending, faulting of downgoing Cocos plate. 2. Mantle of downgoing plate is serpentinized at the outer rise of the Middle American Trench. 3. Water is released from subducting slab mantle at 100 km depth, where serpentini ...
PlateTectonicsSE
... Gizmo Warm-up Volcanoes, earthquakes, mountains, and other features of Earth’s surface owe their origin to the movements of plates: enormous, slowly-moving sections of Earth’s crust. At plate boundaries, plates collide, move apart, move under or over each other, or slide past one another. The theory ...
... Gizmo Warm-up Volcanoes, earthquakes, mountains, and other features of Earth’s surface owe their origin to the movements of plates: enormous, slowly-moving sections of Earth’s crust. At plate boundaries, plates collide, move apart, move under or over each other, or slide past one another. The theory ...
Hot Spot LAB 2017 - eat, sleep, breathe science
... 3. Convert the distance from kilometers to “land” or “real” centimeters (NOT what you measure on the map!) by multiplying the distance in KM by 100,000 (which is the number of cm in 1 km. HINT: This will be a big number! 4. Hawaii contains an active volcano, Mauna Loa, so the lava from it is zero ye ...
... 3. Convert the distance from kilometers to “land” or “real” centimeters (NOT what you measure on the map!) by multiplying the distance in KM by 100,000 (which is the number of cm in 1 km. HINT: This will be a big number! 4. Hawaii contains an active volcano, Mauna Loa, so the lava from it is zero ye ...
Chapter 22 General Science The Earth`s Crust 22
... igneous rock might break down into tiny grains of sand. A stream might carry these grains to the ocean where they settle into layers and harden into sedimentary rock. Or the igneous rock might become buried and, under tremendous heat and pressure, change to metamorphic rock. * Rocks change from one ...
... igneous rock might break down into tiny grains of sand. A stream might carry these grains to the ocean where they settle into layers and harden into sedimentary rock. Or the igneous rock might become buried and, under tremendous heat and pressure, change to metamorphic rock. * Rocks change from one ...
Rheology Thoughts
... Tectonic setting for Rheology as function of depth in Earth? Considering only purely elastic models related to faults and seismic/interseismic deformation? (interesting discussion in Rick Allmendinger’s talk about whether earthquake-related interseismic deformation away from the fault is entirely el ...
... Tectonic setting for Rheology as function of depth in Earth? Considering only purely elastic models related to faults and seismic/interseismic deformation? (interesting discussion in Rick Allmendinger’s talk about whether earthquake-related interseismic deformation away from the fault is entirely el ...
Plate Tectonics Lecture Notes
... separated by oceans. ● Fossils of tropical animals and plants are only found in the tropics. ● The layer of ocean sediments covering the ocean floor is thicker on the abyssal plains than on the mid-ocean ridge. ● A layer of red clay is found on top of a layer of calcareous ooze on the abyssal plains ...
... separated by oceans. ● Fossils of tropical animals and plants are only found in the tropics. ● The layer of ocean sediments covering the ocean floor is thicker on the abyssal plains than on the mid-ocean ridge. ● A layer of red clay is found on top of a layer of calcareous ooze on the abyssal plains ...
Chapter 2 Physical Geography: A Living Planet
... • The combination of the surface shape and composition of the landforms and their distribution in a region > topography • Topographic Maps show the landforms with their vertical dimensions and their relationship to other landforms. ...
... • The combination of the surface shape and composition of the landforms and their distribution in a region > topography • Topographic Maps show the landforms with their vertical dimensions and their relationship to other landforms. ...
Plate Tectonics
... At Mid-Ocean Ridges new oceanic crust is continuously built in the form of Sheeted Dikes und Pillow Lava. The upper part of the magma chamber solidifies as Gabbro. The Mohorovičič-Discontinuity (short form: Moho) is the boundary between crust and ...
... At Mid-Ocean Ridges new oceanic crust is continuously built in the form of Sheeted Dikes und Pillow Lava. The upper part of the magma chamber solidifies as Gabbro. The Mohorovičič-Discontinuity (short form: Moho) is the boundary between crust and ...
Ocean Basins - University of Washington
... continental and oceanic plates move in same direction at same speed examples – margins around Atlantic Ocean contain: coastal plain (was continental shelf during higher sea level) broad continental shelf continental slope and rise Collision margins continental and oceanic plates move toward each oth ...
... continental and oceanic plates move in same direction at same speed examples – margins around Atlantic Ocean contain: coastal plain (was continental shelf during higher sea level) broad continental shelf continental slope and rise Collision margins continental and oceanic plates move toward each oth ...
Midterm 1, Winter 2012 with answers
... would be most likely to coexist in the same igneous rock? A. Calcite, K-Feldspar, Amphibole B. Olivine, Quartz, Pyroxene C. Ca-rich Plagioclase, Quartz, K-feldspar *D. Ca-rich Plagioclase, Olivine, Pyroxene 49. Earth did not make it as a star. Why? A. it warmed up at first but then lost pieces to fo ...
... would be most likely to coexist in the same igneous rock? A. Calcite, K-Feldspar, Amphibole B. Olivine, Quartz, Pyroxene C. Ca-rich Plagioclase, Quartz, K-feldspar *D. Ca-rich Plagioclase, Olivine, Pyroxene 49. Earth did not make it as a star. Why? A. it warmed up at first but then lost pieces to fo ...
2-2 Earth`s Interior
... G. Earth’s Magnetic Field 1. The movement of molten iron in Earth’s core makes the planet act like a giant bar , with one pole near the top of the planet and one pole near the bottom. ...
... G. Earth’s Magnetic Field 1. The movement of molten iron in Earth’s core makes the planet act like a giant bar , with one pole near the top of the planet and one pole near the bottom. ...
Unlocking the Secrets of the Rocky Planets
... asthenosphere. The red isosurface represents cold high viscosity plate material from the surface that is sinking into the deeper mantle. The grid for this case has 10,649,730 cells and a spatial resolution of about 50 km. ...
... asthenosphere. The red isosurface represents cold high viscosity plate material from the surface that is sinking into the deeper mantle. The grid for this case has 10,649,730 cells and a spatial resolution of about 50 km. ...
Word - Manchester Geological Association
... formation of oceanic crust. Despite the early recognition (at least by some) that ophiolites may actually have formed in a subduction-related setting, they continue to form the basis of mid-ocean ridge crustal accretion models. This is particularly the case for the Oman ophiolite, the largest and be ...
... formation of oceanic crust. Despite the early recognition (at least by some) that ophiolites may actually have formed in a subduction-related setting, they continue to form the basis of mid-ocean ridge crustal accretion models. This is particularly the case for the Oman ophiolite, the largest and be ...
Continental Drift - Do plumes exist?
... century, paleontologists discovered that some fossil plants and animals were extraordinarily similar across the globe. Some rock formations in distant continents were also surprisingly similar. To account for these similarities, Austrian geologist Eduard Suess proposed the theory of Gondwanaland—a g ...
... century, paleontologists discovered that some fossil plants and animals were extraordinarily similar across the globe. Some rock formations in distant continents were also surprisingly similar. To account for these similarities, Austrian geologist Eduard Suess proposed the theory of Gondwanaland—a g ...
Why is Earth Unique? - Bakersfield College
... • shortening and thickening of continental crust • silica-rich magmas (less dense) ascend and intrude rocks above • continued accretion cratons • modern-day exposed cratons are known as stable shields ...
... • shortening and thickening of continental crust • silica-rich magmas (less dense) ascend and intrude rocks above • continued accretion cratons • modern-day exposed cratons are known as stable shields ...
A New Theory on the Formation of Hotspot
... Marquesas chains, for example, are marked by gross violations of a simple age-distance relationship and by extreme variations of isotopic signature, inconsistent with a single volcanic source. The Hawaiian chain provides a more consistent age sequence, but the recent renewed volcanism in the Island ...
... Marquesas chains, for example, are marked by gross violations of a simple age-distance relationship and by extreme variations of isotopic signature, inconsistent with a single volcanic source. The Hawaiian chain provides a more consistent age sequence, but the recent renewed volcanism in the Island ...
Ch 2 test
... 16. The continental rise is located ____________. a. at the top of a mid-ocean ridge b. at the top of the continental slope c. between an abyssal plain and continental slope d. at the seaward edge of a deep ocean trench ...
... 16. The continental rise is located ____________. a. at the top of a mid-ocean ridge b. at the top of the continental slope c. between an abyssal plain and continental slope d. at the seaward edge of a deep ocean trench ...
magnetic stripes
... approximately 400 km altitude. Warm colors (reds) indicate the strongest magnetizations while cool colors (blues) the weakest (Purucker et al., 1997). The strongest anomalies-few nT, are observed in continental areas, and the ratio of crustal anomalies to main magnetic ‘field’ is in the range of 10- ...
... approximately 400 km altitude. Warm colors (reds) indicate the strongest magnetizations while cool colors (blues) the weakest (Purucker et al., 1997). The strongest anomalies-few nT, are observed in continental areas, and the ratio of crustal anomalies to main magnetic ‘field’ is in the range of 10- ...
Crust
... thin boundary layer between the mantle and the crust z 32-64 km z Discovered by Andrija Mohorvičić z Found seismic waves changed speed at this level z Either different composition or density. ...
... thin boundary layer between the mantle and the crust z 32-64 km z Discovered by Andrija Mohorvičić z Found seismic waves changed speed at this level z Either different composition or density. ...
Plate tectonics
Plate tectonics (from the Late Latin tectonicus, from the Greek: τεκτονικός ""pertaining to building"") is a scientific theory that describes the large-scale motion of Earth's lithosphere. This theoretical model builds on the concept of continental drift which was developed during the first few decades of the 20th century. The geoscientific community accepted the theory after the concepts of seafloor spreading were later developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s.The lithosphere, which is the rigid outermost shell of a planet (on Earth, the crust and upper mantle), is broken up into tectonic plates. On Earth, there are seven or eight major plates (depending on how they are defined) and many minor plates. Where plates meet, their relative motion determines the type of boundary; convergent, divergent, or transform. Earthquakes, volcanic activity, mountain-building, and oceanic trench formation occur along these plate boundaries. The lateral relative movement of the plates typically varies from zero to 100 mm annually.Tectonic plates are composed of oceanic lithosphere and thicker continental lithosphere, each topped by its own kind of crust. Along convergent boundaries, subduction carries plates into the mantle; the material lost is roughly balanced by the formation of new (oceanic) crust along divergent margins by seafloor spreading. In this way, the total surface of the globe remains the same. This prediction of plate tectonics is also referred to as the conveyor belt principle. Earlier theories (that still have some supporters) propose gradual shrinking (contraction) or gradual expansion of the globe.Tectonic plates are able to move because the Earth's lithosphere has greater strength than the underlying asthenosphere. Lateral density variations in the mantle result in convection. Plate movement is thought to be driven by a combination of the motion of the seafloor away from the spreading ridge (due to variations in topography and density of the crust, which result in differences in gravitational forces) and drag, with downward suction, at the subduction zones. Another explanation lies in the different forces generated by the rotation of the globe and the tidal forces of the Sun and Moon. The relative importance of each of these factors and their relationship to each other is unclear, and still the subject of much debate.