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Heart failure
... o Contractile strength decreases (decreased amount of healthy muscle tissue, causes a decrease in the force of contraction) o Chamber elasticity decreases (necrosis of tissue, and subsequent scarring decreases the ability of muscle to elongate and thus contraction strength is decrease ) (F/S law) De ...
... o Contractile strength decreases (decreased amount of healthy muscle tissue, causes a decrease in the force of contraction) o Chamber elasticity decreases (necrosis of tissue, and subsequent scarring decreases the ability of muscle to elongate and thus contraction strength is decrease ) (F/S law) De ...
Case Study 1 Can Mr. H.`s brother`s heart recover? There are some
... Beta blockers can improve survival by 20-25% through preventing cardiac mortality and reinfarction Antiplatelet agents like aspirin can reduce risk of reinfarction and/or stroke by 25% Lipid lowering therapy Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) can decrease risk of reinfaraction and morta ...
... Beta blockers can improve survival by 20-25% through preventing cardiac mortality and reinfarction Antiplatelet agents like aspirin can reduce risk of reinfarction and/or stroke by 25% Lipid lowering therapy Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) can decrease risk of reinfaraction and morta ...
The Heart
... The heart has four chambers in it (right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, and left ventricle). The muscular wall called the septum divides the two sides of the heart. Blood can't pass from one side to the other. ...
... The heart has four chambers in it (right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, and left ventricle). The muscular wall called the septum divides the two sides of the heart. Blood can't pass from one side to the other. ...
The Cardiovascular System
... heart more elastic fibres those further away have more muscle fibre C. Tunica Externa – Contains collagen fibres for strength ...
... heart more elastic fibres those further away have more muscle fibre C. Tunica Externa – Contains collagen fibres for strength ...
File
... 9. What is the function of systemic circulation? 10. Where is the mitral valve located? 11. What condition causes pain in the heart due to lack of oxygen to the heart muscle and indicates an underlying coronary disorder? 12. The normal adult heart rate is: 13. What is the function of the Purkinje fi ...
... 9. What is the function of systemic circulation? 10. Where is the mitral valve located? 11. What condition causes pain in the heart due to lack of oxygen to the heart muscle and indicates an underlying coronary disorder? 12. The normal adult heart rate is: 13. What is the function of the Purkinje fi ...
12chuyendao_ECG_2 - maritime advance life
... MIs can affect a single heart wall or more than one area ST-segment elevations appear in the leads monitoring all of the involved areas Areas involved are reflected by the MI descriptive name ...
... MIs can affect a single heart wall or more than one area ST-segment elevations appear in the leads monitoring all of the involved areas Areas involved are reflected by the MI descriptive name ...
The Transport System Study Guide
... H.5.3 Outline the mechanisms that control the heartbeat, including the roles of the SA (sinoatrial) node, AV (atrioventricular) node and conducting fibres in the ventricular walls. H.5.4 Outline atherosclerosis and the causes of coronary thrombosis. H.5.5 Discuss factors that affect the incidence of ...
... H.5.3 Outline the mechanisms that control the heartbeat, including the roles of the SA (sinoatrial) node, AV (atrioventricular) node and conducting fibres in the ventricular walls. H.5.4 Outline atherosclerosis and the causes of coronary thrombosis. H.5.5 Discuss factors that affect the incidence of ...
Common cardiovascular diseases
... great danger is that you usually can’t tell you have high blood pressure. There are no signs, so you must see a doctor every year. Also, no one knows exactly what causes it. High blood pressure can lead to hardened arteries, stroke or heart attack. ...
... great danger is that you usually can’t tell you have high blood pressure. There are no signs, so you must see a doctor every year. Also, no one knows exactly what causes it. High blood pressure can lead to hardened arteries, stroke or heart attack. ...
Monitoring heart failure hemodynamics with an implanted
... Furthermore, HF significantly alters the results of pulmonary function, somewhat limiting their value in apportioning dyspnea to the lungs of heart patients who have both conditions. Serial determinations of BNP, both short term in the hospital and longer term in the office or clinic, supplement est ...
... Furthermore, HF significantly alters the results of pulmonary function, somewhat limiting their value in apportioning dyspnea to the lungs of heart patients who have both conditions. Serial determinations of BNP, both short term in the hospital and longer term in the office or clinic, supplement est ...
Name: and Physiology Test #2
... 5) a)True b) False If you hyperventilate your blood becomes acidic improving oxygen delivery to your brain. 6) The pacemaker potential of cells in the SA and AV nodes results primarily from the slow inflow of…. a) Calcium b) Sodium c) Potassium d) Epinephrine 7) Electrical depolarizations pass betwe ...
... 5) a)True b) False If you hyperventilate your blood becomes acidic improving oxygen delivery to your brain. 6) The pacemaker potential of cells in the SA and AV nodes results primarily from the slow inflow of…. a) Calcium b) Sodium c) Potassium d) Epinephrine 7) Electrical depolarizations pass betwe ...
Blood pressure: 150/100, occasionally higher Elevated levels of
... A person who had had a myocardial infarction would have an area of damaged heart muscle and so would have elevated cardiac troponin levels in the blood Trop I : cardiac regulatory proteins that regulate Ca mediated interaction between actin and myosin ...
... A person who had had a myocardial infarction would have an area of damaged heart muscle and so would have elevated cardiac troponin levels in the blood Trop I : cardiac regulatory proteins that regulate Ca mediated interaction between actin and myosin ...
Circulatory System 3
... There’s the cardiac muscle, which is very special. Other muscles have cramps when it’s worn out or have anaerobic respiration (doesn't have enough oxygen). ...
... There’s the cardiac muscle, which is very special. Other muscles have cramps when it’s worn out or have anaerobic respiration (doesn't have enough oxygen). ...
By Sasha Darwazeh FY1
... 2:1 & 3:1 type - regularly dropped QRS complexes with a 2:1 or 3:1 ratio 3rd -degree heart block (complete heart block) - P waves never conduct & are unrelated on ECG ...
... 2:1 & 3:1 type - regularly dropped QRS complexes with a 2:1 or 3:1 ratio 3rd -degree heart block (complete heart block) - P waves never conduct & are unrelated on ECG ...
Nuclear Medicine: Ejection Fraction
... Ejection fraction is an evaluation of the function of the left ventricle, also called left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). It calculates the proportion of blood ejected from the left ventricle with each heartbeat. If the percentage is lower than 50 percent, then cardiomyopathy may be present ( ...
... Ejection fraction is an evaluation of the function of the left ventricle, also called left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). It calculates the proportion of blood ejected from the left ventricle with each heartbeat. If the percentage is lower than 50 percent, then cardiomyopathy may be present ( ...
Slide 1 - AccessCardiology
... loop (solid loop) is shown on the left portion of the curve; the transition to inotropic failure (dashed loop) is shown on the right. Systolic failure is manifest as an increase in LV end-systolic volume and as a reduction in the extent of shortening (stroke volume). LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP ...
... loop (solid loop) is shown on the left portion of the curve; the transition to inotropic failure (dashed loop) is shown on the right. Systolic failure is manifest as an increase in LV end-systolic volume and as a reduction in the extent of shortening (stroke volume). LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP ...
Pediatric Cardiac Conditions
... Pressures on the left side of the heart are normally higher than the pressures in the right side of the heart. If there is an abnormal opening in the septum between the right and left sides, blood flows (and is forced) from left to the right. ...
... Pressures on the left side of the heart are normally higher than the pressures in the right side of the heart. If there is an abnormal opening in the septum between the right and left sides, blood flows (and is forced) from left to the right. ...
Read a text-only version of the Infographic (Word)
... CARDIAC ARREST occurs when the heart malfunctions and stops beating unexpectedly. Cardiac arrest is an “ELECTRICAL” problem. Cardiac arrest is triggered by an electrical malfunction in the heart that causes an irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia). With its pumping action disrupted, the heart cannot pump ...
... CARDIAC ARREST occurs when the heart malfunctions and stops beating unexpectedly. Cardiac arrest is an “ELECTRICAL” problem. Cardiac arrest is triggered by an electrical malfunction in the heart that causes an irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia). With its pumping action disrupted, the heart cannot pump ...
The Bodies Transport System 14.1
... ___________ carries oxygen from the ___________ toe each _______ in the body Blood __________ glucose from the small ______________ to each ______ in the body ...
... ___________ carries oxygen from the ___________ toe each _______ in the body Blood __________ glucose from the small ______________ to each ______ in the body ...
Congenital heart disease
... from 25% to 50%. A number of these deaths occur shortly aher the onset of signs and symptoms. • - The incidence of this type of cardiac disease varies from 1 : 300 to 1 : 4000 pregnancies, with heart failure developing very rapidly in some ...
... from 25% to 50%. A number of these deaths occur shortly aher the onset of signs and symptoms. • - The incidence of this type of cardiac disease varies from 1 : 300 to 1 : 4000 pregnancies, with heart failure developing very rapidly in some ...
the quiz questions and answers as a Microsoft Word
... D. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left heart to be pumped out into the systemic circulation 9. What occurs during diastole? A. After blood flows through the valves, they close, preventing the backflow of blood. B. The ventricles fill with blood. C. The ventricular muscle contracts to f ...
... D. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left heart to be pumped out into the systemic circulation 9. What occurs during diastole? A. After blood flows through the valves, they close, preventing the backflow of blood. B. The ventricles fill with blood. C. The ventricular muscle contracts to f ...
cardiovascular3
... Summary: Control of Stroke Volume FS LoH • End diastolic volume (preload) • Contractility (strength of ventricular contraction due to adrenergic stimulation) • Pressure in arteries that must be overcome = Afterload ...
... Summary: Control of Stroke Volume FS LoH • End diastolic volume (preload) • Contractility (strength of ventricular contraction due to adrenergic stimulation) • Pressure in arteries that must be overcome = Afterload ...
Heart failure
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Heartfailure.jpg?width=300)
Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. The terms chronic heart failure (CHF) or congestive cardiac failure (CCF) are often used interchangeably with congestive heart failure. Signs and symptoms commonly include shortness of breath, excessive tiredness, and leg swelling. The shortness of breath is usually worse with exercise, while lying down, and may wake the person at night. A limited ability to exercise is also a common feature.Common causes of heart failure include coronary artery disease including a previous myocardial infarction (heart attack), high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, excess alcohol use, infection, and cardiomyopathy of an unknown cause. These cause heart failure by changing either the structure or the functioning of the heart. There are two main types of heart failure: heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure with normal ejection fraction depending on if the ability of the left ventricle to contract is affected, or the heart's ability to relax. The severity of disease is usually graded by the degree of problems with exercise. Heart failure is not the same as myocardial infarction (in which part of the heart muscle dies) or cardiac arrest (in which blood flow stops altogether). Other diseases that may have symptoms similar to heart failure include obesity, kidney failure, liver problems, anemia and thyroid disease.The condition is diagnosed based on the history of the symptoms and a physical examination with confirmation by echocardiography. Blood tests, electrocardiography, and chest radiography may be useful to determine the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the severity and cause of the disease. In people with chronic stable mild heart failure, treatment commonly consists of lifestyle modifications such as stopping smoking, physical exercise, and dietary changes, as well as medications. In those with heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers along with beta blockers are recommended. For those with severe disease, aldosterone antagonists, or hydralazine plus a nitrate may be used. Diuretics are useful for preventing fluid retention. Sometimes, depending on the cause, an implanted device such as a pacemaker or an implantable cardiac defibrillator may be recommended. In some moderate or severe cases cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may be suggested or cardiac contractility modulation may be of benefit. A ventricular assist device or occasionally a heart transplant may be recommended in those with severe disease despite all other measures.Heart failure is a common, costly, and potentially fatal condition. In developed countries, around 2% of adults have heart failure and in those over the age of 65, this increases to 6–10%. In the year after diagnosis the risk of death is about 35% after which it decreases to below 10% each year. This is similar to the risks with a number of types of cancer. In the United Kingdom the disease is the reason for 5% of emergency hospital admissions. Heart failure has been known since ancient times with the Ebers papyrus commenting on it around 1550 BCE.