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MAIN TRIBUTARIES OF THE CORONARY SINUS IN THE
... to the coronary sinus. Such a case took place in both hearts of humans and pigs. Results of our studies on monkeys equal with the author's studies. Moreover (Maros et al. 1983) found in 7.4% of the examined human hearts that when three or four parallel located veins occurred they went straight to th ...
... to the coronary sinus. Such a case took place in both hearts of humans and pigs. Results of our studies on monkeys equal with the author's studies. Moreover (Maros et al. 1983) found in 7.4% of the examined human hearts that when three or four parallel located veins occurred they went straight to th ...
Rheology of discrete subaortic stenosis - Heart
... become apparent in recent years that this is an acquired lesion that is rarely seen in the newborn or neonatal period.1–4 Recent theories about the pathophysiological mechanism of its formation suggest an abnormal underlying endothelial substrate that is stimulated to undergo proliferation by sheer ...
... become apparent in recent years that this is an acquired lesion that is rarely seen in the newborn or neonatal period.1–4 Recent theories about the pathophysiological mechanism of its formation suggest an abnormal underlying endothelial substrate that is stimulated to undergo proliferation by sheer ...
Review for EKG`s 2016 ACLS v5.1
... through the rhythm as you travel from R wave to R wave. If you do not have calipers, another method to determine regularity is to make a small mark on a piece of paper over two consecutive R waves, then move the paper to the next R wave and see if the dots line up/march out. Do the R waves follow a ...
... through the rhythm as you travel from R wave to R wave. If you do not have calipers, another method to determine regularity is to make a small mark on a piece of paper over two consecutive R waves, then move the paper to the next R wave and see if the dots line up/march out. Do the R waves follow a ...
Willem J. Kolff audio-visual collection, 1949-1995
... 1958. Films document the effect of thrombosis on different valve material and high speed photography is used to explore the strengths of different valves, in testing machines. The development of the Norton, or Solenoid, heart is shown in films documenting the insertion of this heart and the recovery ...
... 1958. Films document the effect of thrombosis on different valve material and high speed photography is used to explore the strengths of different valves, in testing machines. The development of the Norton, or Solenoid, heart is shown in films documenting the insertion of this heart and the recovery ...
Segers`s Paper - Bison Academy
... indicating that R/T contributes about three times more to Ea than arterial stiffness (1/C). It is demonstrated that different pathophysiological combinations of R and C may lead to the same Ea and Ea/Emax but can result in differences of 10% in stroke work and 50% in maximal power. ...
... indicating that R/T contributes about three times more to Ea than arterial stiffness (1/C). It is demonstrated that different pathophysiological combinations of R and C may lead to the same Ea and Ea/Emax but can result in differences of 10% in stroke work and 50% in maximal power. ...
Sleep, dreams, and sudden death: the case for
... on several intermediary mechanisms. These include direct effects of neurotransmitters on the myocardium and its specialized conducting system and changes in myocardial perfusion due to alterations in coronary vasomotor tone and/or enhanced platelet aggregability. The net influence on the heart thus ...
... on several intermediary mechanisms. These include direct effects of neurotransmitters on the myocardium and its specialized conducting system and changes in myocardial perfusion due to alterations in coronary vasomotor tone and/or enhanced platelet aggregability. The net influence on the heart thus ...
Assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction and regional wall
... ejection fraction (LVEF) and regional wall motion using 64-slice multidetector CT (MDCT) with that using two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (2D-TTE) in a heterogeneous patient population. In 126 patients with angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction, chronic myocardial infarction, at ...
... ejection fraction (LVEF) and regional wall motion using 64-slice multidetector CT (MDCT) with that using two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (2D-TTE) in a heterogeneous patient population. In 126 patients with angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction, chronic myocardial infarction, at ...
(1-7)对腹主动脉缩窄大鼠心肌肥厚和纤维化的影响
... At 4 weeks after the infusion of Ang-(1-7) or saline, the animals were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, and then a 2F polyethylene catheter loaded with heparinized saline solution (25 U×ml-1) was positioned into the right carotid artery and connected to a pressure transducer in-line to a poly ...
... At 4 weeks after the infusion of Ang-(1-7) or saline, the animals were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, and then a 2F polyethylene catheter loaded with heparinized saline solution (25 U×ml-1) was positioned into the right carotid artery and connected to a pressure transducer in-line to a poly ...
Tachydysrhythmias
... – propafenone vs. amiodarone vs. placebo in recent onset Afib (<48h duration) – 78% conversion in propafenone, 83% conversion in amiodarone, 55% conversion in placebo – mean time to conversion 2+/- 3 h for propafenone, 7+/- 5 h for amiodarone – conclusion was both drugs equally effective and safe fo ...
... – propafenone vs. amiodarone vs. placebo in recent onset Afib (<48h duration) – 78% conversion in propafenone, 83% conversion in amiodarone, 55% conversion in placebo – mean time to conversion 2+/- 3 h for propafenone, 7+/- 5 h for amiodarone – conclusion was both drugs equally effective and safe fo ...
Tinman/Nkx2-5 acts via miR-1 and upstream of Cdc42 to regulate
... multiple functional assays revealed extensive conservation of gene functions required for maintaining normal heart physiology in the adult (Bier and Bodmer, 2004; Ocorr et al., 2007; Qian et al., 2008a,b). Combined with the powerful genetic tools available in the fly, screens to identify molecular–g ...
... multiple functional assays revealed extensive conservation of gene functions required for maintaining normal heart physiology in the adult (Bier and Bodmer, 2004; Ocorr et al., 2007; Qian et al., 2008a,b). Combined with the powerful genetic tools available in the fly, screens to identify molecular–g ...
Animal models in the study of myocardial ischaemia and ischaemic
... its definition is still debated [1]. In the strictest sense ‘ischaemia’ derived from the Greek words, ischo˜ (to restrain) and haima (blood), means insufficient blood, and if we would adhere to this definition, all animal models which lack blood (e.g. isolated heart models) should by definition be t ...
... its definition is still debated [1]. In the strictest sense ‘ischaemia’ derived from the Greek words, ischo˜ (to restrain) and haima (blood), means insufficient blood, and if we would adhere to this definition, all animal models which lack blood (e.g. isolated heart models) should by definition be t ...
- Korean Circulation Journal
... 1-2, and >2 years after HTx was performed. We also applied high-frequency electrical stimulation (16.7 Hz, 1 msec pulse width, ≤10 V) to the cardiac branches of the vagus nerve at the level of the superior vena cava in eight patients at 6 and 12 months after HTx. Results: The degree of parasympathet ...
... 1-2, and >2 years after HTx was performed. We also applied high-frequency electrical stimulation (16.7 Hz, 1 msec pulse width, ≤10 V) to the cardiac branches of the vagus nerve at the level of the superior vena cava in eight patients at 6 and 12 months after HTx. Results: The degree of parasympathet ...
Basics of EKG Interpretation:
... Primary ST-T Wave Changes — ST deviation and T wave abnormalities are seen with myocardial ischemia. • Vessel occlusion causes S-T elevation. Problem usually transmural. See localized ECG changes and one can predict which artery is involved. Criteria for thrombolytic therapy = ST elevation in two el ...
... Primary ST-T Wave Changes — ST deviation and T wave abnormalities are seen with myocardial ischemia. • Vessel occlusion causes S-T elevation. Problem usually transmural. See localized ECG changes and one can predict which artery is involved. Criteria for thrombolytic therapy = ST elevation in two el ...
Perventricular device closure of congenital muscular ventricular
... cylindrical waist. Reinforced layers of polyester patches are sewn into the internal part of the Nitinol wire mesh to increase its occlusion rates. The device is malleable and has a shape memory owing to the properties of Nitinol. The size of the device is based on the diameter of the waist, which r ...
... cylindrical waist. Reinforced layers of polyester patches are sewn into the internal part of the Nitinol wire mesh to increase its occlusion rates. The device is malleable and has a shape memory owing to the properties of Nitinol. The size of the device is based on the diameter of the waist, which r ...
Do clinically relevant transthoracic defibrillation energies cause
... arrhythmia varies. Unlike internal defibrillators, which are tested at implantation, efficacy of an external defibrillator is determined only once, when it is most needed. This review discusses shock damage and dysfunction caused by monophasic waveforms as well as biphasic waveforms. Evidence is pre ...
... arrhythmia varies. Unlike internal defibrillators, which are tested at implantation, efficacy of an external defibrillator is determined only once, when it is most needed. This review discusses shock damage and dysfunction caused by monophasic waveforms as well as biphasic waveforms. Evidence is pre ...
Basics of EKG Interpretation
... Primary ST-T Wave Changes — ST deviation and T wave abnormalities are seen with myocardial ischemia. • Vessel occlusion causesS-T elevation. Problem usually transmural. See localized ECG changes and one can predict which artery is involved. Criteria for thrombolytic therapy = ST elevation in two el ...
... Primary ST-T Wave Changes — ST deviation and T wave abnormalities are seen with myocardial ischemia. • Vessel occlusion causesS-T elevation. Problem usually transmural. See localized ECG changes and one can predict which artery is involved. Criteria for thrombolytic therapy = ST elevation in two el ...
Right Precordial T-Wave Inversion in Healthy Endurance Athletes
... (TWIV2-3) reflects lateral displacement of the heart such that the surface electrocardiographic (ECG) leads overlie a greater proportion of the right ventricle (RV). BACKGROUND TWIV2-3 on ECG is more frequently observed among endurance athletes (EAs) than in the general population, the underlying mec ...
... (TWIV2-3) reflects lateral displacement of the heart such that the surface electrocardiographic (ECG) leads overlie a greater proportion of the right ventricle (RV). BACKGROUND TWIV2-3 on ECG is more frequently observed among endurance athletes (EAs) than in the general population, the underlying mec ...
Effect of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p
... (TCDD) and related chemicals. In both fish and bird embryos, TCDD increases vascular permeability, as evidenced by pericardial and subcutaneous edema, and the presence of edema precedes embryo mortality (Guiney et al., 2000; Rifkind et al., 1985). More detailed analysis in fish embryos has shown tha ...
... (TCDD) and related chemicals. In both fish and bird embryos, TCDD increases vascular permeability, as evidenced by pericardial and subcutaneous edema, and the presence of edema precedes embryo mortality (Guiney et al., 2000; Rifkind et al., 1985). More detailed analysis in fish embryos has shown tha ...
Contemporary Pacemakers - CCM, University of Pittsburgh
... dual-chamber pacing and sensing with inhibition and atrial tracking (DDD) pacing mode. Order of panels in electrograms: Top, Standard lead II electrocardiogram (ECG); Middle, Marker channel; Bottom, Ventricular electrogram (VEGM). A, Electrocardiogram illustrating atrial pacing (AP) with ventricular ...
... dual-chamber pacing and sensing with inhibition and atrial tracking (DDD) pacing mode. Order of panels in electrograms: Top, Standard lead II electrocardiogram (ECG); Middle, Marker channel; Bottom, Ventricular electrogram (VEGM). A, Electrocardiogram illustrating atrial pacing (AP) with ventricular ...
life with dilated cardiomyopathy
... Most people who are affected by dilated cardiomyopathy remain well. Some people have a few symptoms and others may develop problems which need more complex treatment. Once the condition has been diagnosed, in most cases its symptoms can be controlled with medication or other treatments (see page 31) ...
... Most people who are affected by dilated cardiomyopathy remain well. Some people have a few symptoms and others may develop problems which need more complex treatment. Once the condition has been diagnosed, in most cases its symptoms can be controlled with medication or other treatments (see page 31) ...
ABERRANT VENTRICULAR CONDUCTION TYPES AND
... system, the phenomenon the authors observed originated within ischemic myocardium. In vitro studies indicate that the underlying mechanism may be related to postrepolarization refractoriness induced by ischemia7. Transitory BBB at the onset of an SVT is noted in 14% of the population, is more freque ...
... system, the phenomenon the authors observed originated within ischemic myocardium. In vitro studies indicate that the underlying mechanism may be related to postrepolarization refractoriness induced by ischemia7. Transitory BBB at the onset of an SVT is noted in 14% of the population, is more freque ...
Endogenous Endothelin-1 Depresses Left Ventricular Systolic and
... work was presented in abstract form at the American Heart Association Meeting in 1997. ...
... work was presented in abstract form at the American Heart Association Meeting in 1997. ...
Living anatomy of the atrioventricular junctions
... accessory connection should produce negative delta waves in the inferior leads. When posterior is translated to inferior, then the correlation immediately becomes easy to understand and to teach. The same can be said for ‘left lateral’ accessory connections producing R waves, or ‘right lateral’ conn ...
... accessory connection should produce negative delta waves in the inferior leads. When posterior is translated to inferior, then the correlation immediately becomes easy to understand and to teach. The same can be said for ‘left lateral’ accessory connections producing R waves, or ‘right lateral’ conn ...
Pulmonary Venous and Arterial Hypertension due
... the pressure gradient from the pulmonary artery to the left atrium was 40 mm Hg and that from the "pulmonary capillary" to the left atrium was 18 mm Hg, approximately half of the total pressure gradient, and therefore pulmonary vascular resistance was located between the pulmonary capillary bed and ...
... the pressure gradient from the pulmonary artery to the left atrium was 40 mm Hg and that from the "pulmonary capillary" to the left atrium was 18 mm Hg, approximately half of the total pressure gradient, and therefore pulmonary vascular resistance was located between the pulmonary capillary bed and ...
PREVALENCE OF LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY AND ITS
... I wish to thank my supervisors, Prof E. Maro and Prof M Janabi for their overall guidance and review of this dissertation work. I would like to thank the Department of Internal Medicine, MUHAS for accepting my dissertation title and offering me the necessary support throughout my stay as a resident ...
... I wish to thank my supervisors, Prof E. Maro and Prof M Janabi for their overall guidance and review of this dissertation work. I would like to thank the Department of Internal Medicine, MUHAS for accepting my dissertation title and offering me the necessary support throughout my stay as a resident ...
Heart failure
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Heartfailure.jpg?width=300)
Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. The terms chronic heart failure (CHF) or congestive cardiac failure (CCF) are often used interchangeably with congestive heart failure. Signs and symptoms commonly include shortness of breath, excessive tiredness, and leg swelling. The shortness of breath is usually worse with exercise, while lying down, and may wake the person at night. A limited ability to exercise is also a common feature.Common causes of heart failure include coronary artery disease including a previous myocardial infarction (heart attack), high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, excess alcohol use, infection, and cardiomyopathy of an unknown cause. These cause heart failure by changing either the structure or the functioning of the heart. There are two main types of heart failure: heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure with normal ejection fraction depending on if the ability of the left ventricle to contract is affected, or the heart's ability to relax. The severity of disease is usually graded by the degree of problems with exercise. Heart failure is not the same as myocardial infarction (in which part of the heart muscle dies) or cardiac arrest (in which blood flow stops altogether). Other diseases that may have symptoms similar to heart failure include obesity, kidney failure, liver problems, anemia and thyroid disease.The condition is diagnosed based on the history of the symptoms and a physical examination with confirmation by echocardiography. Blood tests, electrocardiography, and chest radiography may be useful to determine the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the severity and cause of the disease. In people with chronic stable mild heart failure, treatment commonly consists of lifestyle modifications such as stopping smoking, physical exercise, and dietary changes, as well as medications. In those with heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers along with beta blockers are recommended. For those with severe disease, aldosterone antagonists, or hydralazine plus a nitrate may be used. Diuretics are useful for preventing fluid retention. Sometimes, depending on the cause, an implanted device such as a pacemaker or an implantable cardiac defibrillator may be recommended. In some moderate or severe cases cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may be suggested or cardiac contractility modulation may be of benefit. A ventricular assist device or occasionally a heart transplant may be recommended in those with severe disease despite all other measures.Heart failure is a common, costly, and potentially fatal condition. In developed countries, around 2% of adults have heart failure and in those over the age of 65, this increases to 6–10%. In the year after diagnosis the risk of death is about 35% after which it decreases to below 10% each year. This is similar to the risks with a number of types of cancer. In the United Kingdom the disease is the reason for 5% of emergency hospital admissions. Heart failure has been known since ancient times with the Ebers papyrus commenting on it around 1550 BCE.