Coronary Imaging With Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
... The optimal acquisition window for coronary vein imaging is in end-systole, when the coronary vein diameter is maximal. 36 However, ECG triggering may be difficult in patients with heart failure due to tachycardia, orthopnea, and the asynchronous contraction of the LV, making the resting period diff ...
... The optimal acquisition window for coronary vein imaging is in end-systole, when the coronary vein diameter is maximal. 36 However, ECG triggering may be difficult in patients with heart failure due to tachycardia, orthopnea, and the asynchronous contraction of the LV, making the resting period diff ...
Systolic and Diastolic Heart Failure (HFrEF and HFpEF) 2016
... Severe limitation of physical activity, unable to carry out any physical activity without discomfort. Symptoms also present at rest. If any physical activity is undertaken, discomfort increases. ...
... Severe limitation of physical activity, unable to carry out any physical activity without discomfort. Symptoms also present at rest. If any physical activity is undertaken, discomfort increases. ...
The use of aerobic exercise training in improving aerobic capacity in
... meet the minimum fitness level required for independent living.13,14,27 Therefore, in addition to disease prevention, enhancing aerobic capacity in individuals with stroke may also have beneficial effects on promoting functional abilities and independent living. Given the potentially adverse health ...
... meet the minimum fitness level required for independent living.13,14,27 Therefore, in addition to disease prevention, enhancing aerobic capacity in individuals with stroke may also have beneficial effects on promoting functional abilities and independent living. Given the potentially adverse health ...
Normal and Abnormal Coronary Artery Anatomy: Is it
... to the margin just before the RCA bends round the right ventricle it gives off the acute marginal branch (Fig 1 & 2) which supplies the anterior wall of the right ventricle. The RCA bends sharply at the margin to travel along the posterior surface of the heart. In 80-85% of patients the RCA gives of ...
... to the margin just before the RCA bends round the right ventricle it gives off the acute marginal branch (Fig 1 & 2) which supplies the anterior wall of the right ventricle. The RCA bends sharply at the margin to travel along the posterior surface of the heart. In 80-85% of patients the RCA gives of ...
How to differentiate athlete`s heart from pathological
... athletes, as a result of cardiac adaptation to long-term training, or pathological in different conditions, such as chronic pressure overload (e.g. systemic hypertension, aortic stenosis), volume overload (e.g. aortic regurgitation), or myocardial disease (e.g. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy). Distinct ...
... athletes, as a result of cardiac adaptation to long-term training, or pathological in different conditions, such as chronic pressure overload (e.g. systemic hypertension, aortic stenosis), volume overload (e.g. aortic regurgitation), or myocardial disease (e.g. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy). Distinct ...
ACC/AHA Clinical Practice Guideline
... quality of care and be aligned with the patient’s best interest. Evidence Review—Guideline writing committee (GWC) members are charged with reviewing the literature; weighing the strength and quality of evidence for or against particular tests, treatments, or procedures; and estimating expected heal ...
... quality of care and be aligned with the patient’s best interest. Evidence Review—Guideline writing committee (GWC) members are charged with reviewing the literature; weighing the strength and quality of evidence for or against particular tests, treatments, or procedures; and estimating expected heal ...
Caffeine and Cardiac Arrhythmias: A Review of the Evidence
... found that 200 mg of caffeine shortened the refractory periods of the right atrium, AV node, and right ventricle. Paradoxically, the effective refractory period of the left atrium increased with caffeine. Of note, there was an increase in sustained atrial arrhythmias in response to programmed atrial ...
... found that 200 mg of caffeine shortened the refractory periods of the right atrium, AV node, and right ventricle. Paradoxically, the effective refractory period of the left atrium increased with caffeine. Of note, there was an increase in sustained atrial arrhythmias in response to programmed atrial ...
Task Force Report Task Force on Sudden Cardiac Death of the
... Sudden cardiac death: the definition and its impact on clinical trials The term sudden cardiac death has been used for several centuries and throughout this time different authors have debated how to define it most appropriately. SCD is defined as follows: ‘Natural death due to cardiac causes, herald ...
... Sudden cardiac death: the definition and its impact on clinical trials The term sudden cardiac death has been used for several centuries and throughout this time different authors have debated how to define it most appropriately. SCD is defined as follows: ‘Natural death due to cardiac causes, herald ...
1 - JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging
... oronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in the western world, and its prevalence is still increasing (1). The current gold standard for the diagnosis of obstructive CAD remains conventional coronary angiography; however, it is invasive and associated with risks, and a substantial ...
... oronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in the western world, and its prevalence is still increasing (1). The current gold standard for the diagnosis of obstructive CAD remains conventional coronary angiography; however, it is invasive and associated with risks, and a substantial ...
Use of Aspirin or Another Antithrombotic
... The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) strongly recommends that clinicians discuss aspirin chemoprevention with adults who are at increased risk (5-year risk of greater than or equal to 3 percent) for coronary heart disease (CHD). Discussions with patients should address both the potential ...
... The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) strongly recommends that clinicians discuss aspirin chemoprevention with adults who are at increased risk (5-year risk of greater than or equal to 3 percent) for coronary heart disease (CHD). Discussions with patients should address both the potential ...
Coronary arterial anomalies and variations
... and extrapolations, it results that millions of people should be the bearers of a coronary anomaly (0.2-1.2% of the general population)9 but most of these, are either asymptomatic or undiagnosed Is there a causal relation between a rare event as sudden death and an otherwise uncommon condition such ...
... and extrapolations, it results that millions of people should be the bearers of a coronary anomaly (0.2-1.2% of the general population)9 but most of these, are either asymptomatic or undiagnosed Is there a causal relation between a rare event as sudden death and an otherwise uncommon condition such ...
Cardiac Imaging: Part 2, Normal, Variant, and Anomalous
... technology has greatly increased in recent years. However, many radiologists have had little training in coronary imaging and may not be familiar with coronary anatomy. Additionally, the increasing use of CT and MRI for noninvasive cardiac imaging also will expose radiologists more frequently to rel ...
... technology has greatly increased in recent years. However, many radiologists have had little training in coronary imaging and may not be familiar with coronary anatomy. Additionally, the increasing use of CT and MRI for noninvasive cardiac imaging also will expose radiologists more frequently to rel ...
A Comprehensive look At heart structure, function, and health
... in order to diagnose heart conditions. cholesterol — fatty substance made by the body and found in some foods. Cholesterol is deposited in the arteries in coronary artery disease. (See LDL and HDL.) congestive heart failure (CHF) — condition in which the heart muscle weakens and can’t pump blood ef ...
... in order to diagnose heart conditions. cholesterol — fatty substance made by the body and found in some foods. Cholesterol is deposited in the arteries in coronary artery disease. (See LDL and HDL.) congestive heart failure (CHF) — condition in which the heart muscle weakens and can’t pump blood ef ...
Prognosis of Adults With Borderline Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
... LVEF of 50% to 55% had a >2-fold increased risk for HF compared with those with an LVEF >55% in all models (Table 4). Similar results were seen in analyses stratified by examination and prevalent MI (Online Table 3). The addition of brain natriuretic peptide to multivariable models also yielded simil ...
... LVEF of 50% to 55% had a >2-fold increased risk for HF compared with those with an LVEF >55% in all models (Table 4). Similar results were seen in analyses stratified by examination and prevalent MI (Online Table 3). The addition of brain natriuretic peptide to multivariable models also yielded simil ...
Scientific Evidence Underlying the ACC/AHA Clinical Practice
... about appropriate health care for specific patients’ circumstances.1 Guidelines are often assumed to be the epitome of evidence-based medicine. Yet, guideline recommendations imply not only an evaluation of the evidence but also a value judgment based on personal or organizational preferences regard ...
... about appropriate health care for specific patients’ circumstances.1 Guidelines are often assumed to be the epitome of evidence-based medicine. Yet, guideline recommendations imply not only an evaluation of the evidence but also a value judgment based on personal or organizational preferences regard ...
Coronary structure and perfusion in health and disease
... modalities for the diagnosis and the treatment of coronary disease is important for both an increased quality of life and a reduction of the cost associated with CAD across the EU which, for example, amounted to almost 1% of to 1999 gross domestic product and to almost 11% of total national health e ...
... modalities for the diagnosis and the treatment of coronary disease is important for both an increased quality of life and a reduction of the cost associated with CAD across the EU which, for example, amounted to almost 1% of to 1999 gross domestic product and to almost 11% of total national health e ...
Ventricular arrhythmias
... Standard transseptal puncture, Heparin to ACT of 280-350 12 F Stearable sheath (FlexCath) Stearable over the wire double lumen balloon catheter (Arctiv Front: 23-28 mm) Occlusion of each PV, freezing for 300 sec x 2. (temperature -40 to -60 C) Pacing w high output in SVC to capture phrenic nerve whi ...
... Standard transseptal puncture, Heparin to ACT of 280-350 12 F Stearable sheath (FlexCath) Stearable over the wire double lumen balloon catheter (Arctiv Front: 23-28 mm) Occlusion of each PV, freezing for 300 sec x 2. (temperature -40 to -60 C) Pacing w high output in SVC to capture phrenic nerve whi ...
toward consistent definitions for preload and afterload
... ignificant differences exist among textbook definitions for the terms preload and afterload, leading to confusion and frustration among students and faculty alike. Many faculty also chose to use in their teaching simple terms such as “end-diastolic volume” or “aortic pressure” as common-usage approx ...
... ignificant differences exist among textbook definitions for the terms preload and afterload, leading to confusion and frustration among students and faculty alike. Many faculty also chose to use in their teaching simple terms such as “end-diastolic volume” or “aortic pressure” as common-usage approx ...
Jemds.com
... Kugel’s artery or ‘arteria anastomotica auricularis magna’ was described by Kugel (1927) as a constant branch from the circumflex artery usually from its anterior part traversing the interatrial septum to establish direct or indirect anastomosis with the right coronary artery. Kugel’s artery runs th ...
... Kugel’s artery or ‘arteria anastomotica auricularis magna’ was described by Kugel (1927) as a constant branch from the circumflex artery usually from its anterior part traversing the interatrial septum to establish direct or indirect anastomosis with the right coronary artery. Kugel’s artery runs th ...
Coronary arteries in tutorial revision: from normal variants to
... - So, during or immediately after intense/extreme exercise, there is risk of sudden death (till 30%). -"In addition, some interarterial coronaries actually take an intramural course through the wall of the aorta, which may cause them to be compressed during aortic pulsation" Young, P.M. AJR 2011; 1 ...
... - So, during or immediately after intense/extreme exercise, there is risk of sudden death (till 30%). -"In addition, some interarterial coronaries actually take an intramural course through the wall of the aorta, which may cause them to be compressed during aortic pulsation" Young, P.M. AJR 2011; 1 ...
Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery from the Right
... sinus, the left sinus, and yet the anterior and posterior sinuses, depending on the position of the pulmonary trunk 17. In addition to these more usual positions, the origin may be the left pulmonary artery itself 15 and, as happened in our 4 cases, the origin may be high in the RPA or even in the b ...
... sinus, the left sinus, and yet the anterior and posterior sinuses, depending on the position of the pulmonary trunk 17. In addition to these more usual positions, the origin may be the left pulmonary artery itself 15 and, as happened in our 4 cases, the origin may be high in the RPA or even in the b ...
Risk prediction and prognosis following cardiac surgery
... The first generation of risk stratification models introduced in the 1980s only included a few, but important preoperative prognostic factors, such as poor left ventricular function with an ejection fraction below 30%, unstable angina, recent myocardial infarction, advanced age (>65 years) and emer ...
... The first generation of risk stratification models introduced in the 1980s only included a few, but important preoperative prognostic factors, such as poor left ventricular function with an ejection fraction below 30%, unstable angina, recent myocardial infarction, advanced age (>65 years) and emer ...
James M. Norton
... 27–29), aortic and ventricular pressures (assumed to be identical) (15, 16, 31), myocardial wall tension or stress (15, 16, 31), peripheral resistance (6, 11, 12, 16), force needed to overcome opposition to ejection (18), output impedance (19, 20), and diastolic aortic pressure (26). As was the case ...
... 27–29), aortic and ventricular pressures (assumed to be identical) (15, 16, 31), myocardial wall tension or stress (15, 16, 31), peripheral resistance (6, 11, 12, 16), force needed to overcome opposition to ejection (18), output impedance (19, 20), and diastolic aortic pressure (26). As was the case ...
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC
... Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is one of the most arrhythmogenic forms of inherited cardiomyopathy and a frequent cause of sudden death in the young. Affected individuals typically present between the second and fourth decade of life with arrhythmias coming from the right ven ...
... Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is one of the most arrhythmogenic forms of inherited cardiomyopathy and a frequent cause of sudden death in the young. Affected individuals typically present between the second and fourth decade of life with arrhythmias coming from the right ven ...
T1 mapping and T2 mapping at 3T for quantifying
... myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients is not known and was investigated in this study. Methods: 18 STEMI patients underwent CMR at 3T (Siemens Bio-graph mMR) at a median of 5 (4–6) days post primary percutaneous coronary intervention using native T1 (MOLLI) and T2 mapping (WIP #699; Siemens Healthc ...
... myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients is not known and was investigated in this study. Methods: 18 STEMI patients underwent CMR at 3T (Siemens Bio-graph mMR) at a median of 5 (4–6) days post primary percutaneous coronary intervention using native T1 (MOLLI) and T2 mapping (WIP #699; Siemens Healthc ...
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease in question. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Prevention of atherosclerosis is by decreasing risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating high blood pressure and diabetes is also beneficial. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease. The effect of the use of aspirin in people who are otherwise healthy is of unclear benefit. The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. Treatment of those who have CVD improves outcomes.Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.