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Introduction to Cardiology
Introduction to Cardiology

... Valsalva- Decreases preload and volume is no longer holding back the septal wall, obstruction gets worse resulting in a louder murmur (softer with AS) Squat- increases preload and obstruction gets better resulting in a softer murmur (louder with AS) Murmur does not radiate to the neck ...
Firefighting and the Heart - Cambridge Health Alliance
Firefighting and the Heart - Cambridge Health Alliance

... that SCD fatalities and CVD retirements have statistically higher burdens of classic CVD risk factors (eg, smoking, hypertension, and obesity) than healthy controls.6,7,9 Furthermore, on-duty CVD events occur almost exclusively in firefighters with previously diagnosed CVD (20% to 30% of all events) ...
HeartStress2001
HeartStress2001

... 1. Every three years - Medical history - Physical exams - Lab tests 2. Cause of death monitored in deceased men • RESULTS – Those men who scored a 2 or higher on the questionaire were 4 times more likely to die of sudden cardiac death than those who scored a 0. That is, phobic anxiety is a risk fact ...
ARVC (boxer cardiomyopathy)
ARVC (boxer cardiomyopathy)

... and is most commonly used as part of screening tests for breeders. What is the treatment for ARVC? Most treatments are based on Holter monitor assessments. The primary goal of treating ARVC is to control ventricular arrhythmias and prevent collapse episodes. Unfortunately, it is not possible to comp ...
Stress Echocardiogram Consent Form
Stress Echocardiogram Consent Form

...  Development of fluid in the lungs. You may need medication to treat this  Chest pain. This is treated with medication. 1 in 2,500 people  Heart attack 1 in 10,000 people  Death. The danger is greater if you have heart disease or blocked arteries (coronary artery disease) in the heart already. T ...
post acute myocardial infarction management
post acute myocardial infarction management

... OVERVIEW Each year, over one million people experience a new or recurrent coronary attack. Factors that increase an individual’s risk for heart attack include tobacco use, high blood pressure, diabetes, physical inactivity, body mass index, high cholesterol, stress and other factors such as age, gen ...
Name Date ______ Period ____ PBS Unit 2 Study Guide 2012
Name Date ______ Period ____ PBS Unit 2 Study Guide 2012

... Where is the sinoatrial node and what is its function? What is an EKG? What does an EKG show? Be specific with the types of waves. How can an EKG help to diagnose heart disease? What does an EKG not tell us about our heart? Label the waves on a normal EKG with P, QRS, and T ...
Pharmacological Stress Echocardiography
Pharmacological Stress Echocardiography

...  You will be asked to lie on left lateral position.  Pharmacological agents will be used to stimulate the heart just like during exercise to the heart rate as determined by the doctor according to your condition.  The most common drug used is dobutamine and it will be given intravenously with the ...
Eisenmenger`s Syndrome - OSU Patient Education Materials
Eisenmenger`s Syndrome - OSU Patient Education Materials

... ventricular septal defect, or VSD. Oxygen rich blood and oxygen poor blood can flow back and forth through the hole between the chambers, causing more pressure. The pressure can cause damage to the heart and the lungs over time. ...
Coronary Heart Disease Presentation Sept 13
Coronary Heart Disease Presentation Sept 13

... Scotland and the North of England, lowest in the South of England.(BHF 2006)  Estimated that every year 5,000 lives and 47,000 working years are lost in men aged 20 to 64 years due to social class inequalities in CHD death rates.  In England and Wales evidence of strong links between deaths from c ...
ZiffraChoosingwiselyinCardiology
ZiffraChoosingwiselyinCardiology

... • By the end of the session, participants will be able to: • Risk stratify patients with or for development of coronary artery disease • Be familiar with indications for cardiac testing • Managing stable asymptomatic patients and discussing need or lack of need for cardiac testing ...
to view - Solihull Heart Support Group
to view - Solihull Heart Support Group

... Evidence strongly indicates that high cholesterol levels can cause narrowing of the arteries (atherosclerosis), heart attacks, and strokes. The risk of coronary heart disease also rises as blood cholesterol increases. When other risk factors, (i.e. high blood pressure and cigarette smoking), are pre ...


... Other presentations of ischemic heart disease • Sudden death • Frequently cause cannot be determined but there is a strong association with coronary atherosclerosis ...
Heart attacks - Carleton University
Heart attacks - Carleton University

... health problems, or responsible for the safety of others. I f you are concerned about how drinking may affect your health, talk to your doctor ...
Peripheral Arterial Disease in the Upper Leg
Peripheral Arterial Disease in the Upper Leg

... PAD can be diagnosed by several different types of physicians such as general practitioners, cardiologists, and podiatrists after symptoms are reported. Diagnosis is made based on medical and family history, a physical exam, and ultrasound test results to determine blood flow. Early diagnosis is cri ...
Mahmoud ABU-ABEELEH Associate Professor of Surgery Division
Mahmoud ABU-ABEELEH Associate Professor of Surgery Division

... Coronary spasm Vasculitis Ostial stenosis Severe LVH Congenital anomalies of the coronary artereis (e.g anomalous origin of LAD artery from pulmonary artery) ...
Dr. Deng Xi Wei , MACC Chief Consultant in Cardiology Kiang Wu
Dr. Deng Xi Wei , MACC Chief Consultant in Cardiology Kiang Wu

... with suspected cardiac pain are a diagnostic challenge, especially in individuals without clear symptoms or electrocardiographic features. ...
Ch.12 Cardiovascular.pub
Ch.12 Cardiovascular.pub

... mortality rate for patients without CVD at baseline was 2.3 (95% confidence interval: 1.9-2.8) per 100 person years in those aged 35 to 44 years and increased to 11.9 (10.5-13.5) per 100 person years in those aged 75 to 84 (Figure 12.6 A). Respectively, these patients were 121 (98-149) and 5.7 (5.0- ...
S06 Patho Dr Manar Heart
S06 Patho Dr Manar Heart

... Other risk factors include anterior or lateral wall infarctions, and First MI (as scarring associated with prior MIs tends to limit the risk of myocardial tearing). ...
CARDIAC DIAGNOSTIC TESTING
CARDIAC DIAGNOSTIC TESTING

... an enzyme expressed in a number of tissues. Function: it catalyses the conversion of creatine to phosphocreatine degrading ATP to ADP The CK enzyme consists of two subunits, • B (brain type) or • M (muscle type), • Making three different isoenzymes: CK-MM, CKBB and CK-MB ...
Cardiac CT - Cardiology Associates
Cardiac CT - Cardiology Associates

... • The coronary calcium score is a strong predictor of incident coronary heart disease and provides predictive information beyond that provided by standard risk factors in four major racial and ethnic groups in the United States. No major differences among racial and ethnic groups in the predictive v ...
Worksheet Answers
Worksheet Answers

... 19. The Fifth Korotkoff Sound (DBP2 = disappearance) is considered the most accurate measurement of diastolic blood pressure in normal adults at rest. However, the Fourth Korotkoff Sound (DBP1 = muffling) is recommended for children, adults during exercise, and adults if DBP2 ...
kkkkkkk - Evault
kkkkkkk - Evault

... touch so that any pulsations or other findings are not missed. The ball of the hand and the finger tips are placed over the precordium to find a apical beat and the flat of the hand is placed over the chest to feel for any heaves or thrills. This will feel like a purring cat. Check for tenderness wh ...
Original / Obesidad Bariatric surgery decreases carotid intima
Original / Obesidad Bariatric surgery decreases carotid intima

... worldwide. In Chile the frequency of obesity defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2, increased between 2003 and 2010 from 21.9 to 25.1% among people aged over 15 years old. In the same period, the frequency of morbid obesity increased from 1.3% to 2.3%. These figures represent an increase estim ...
University of Michigan Health System Internal Medicine Residency Cardiology Curriculum: Inpatient Service
University of Michigan Health System Internal Medicine Residency Cardiology Curriculum: Inpatient Service

... etiology, risk factors, preventive interventions, pathophysiology, natural history, clinical presentations, diagnostic strategies, laboratory and radiologic evaluation, initial management strategies, interventional indications, potential surgical interventions, and chronic care management for the fo ...
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Cardiovascular disease



Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease in question. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Prevention of atherosclerosis is by decreasing risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating high blood pressure and diabetes is also beneficial. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease. The effect of the use of aspirin in people who are otherwise healthy is of unclear benefit. The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. Treatment of those who have CVD improves outcomes.Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.
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