Integrative Physiology
... Abstract—Murine models of atherosclerosis, such as the apolipoprotein E (apoE) or the LDL receptor knockout mice, usually do not exhibit many of the cardinal features of human coronary heart disease (CHD), eg, spontaneous myocardial infarction, severe cardiac dysfunction, and premature death. Here w ...
... Abstract—Murine models of atherosclerosis, such as the apolipoprotein E (apoE) or the LDL receptor knockout mice, usually do not exhibit many of the cardinal features of human coronary heart disease (CHD), eg, spontaneous myocardial infarction, severe cardiac dysfunction, and premature death. Here w ...
A Study of Hemodynamics and Coronary Blood Flow in
... Disease of the left mainstem coronary artery was considered to be a special circumstance since it supplies both the circumflex and the anterior descending arteries. Consequently a value of 200 was assigned to the left mainstem coronary artery and the percentage of occlusion of this vessel for rating ...
... Disease of the left mainstem coronary artery was considered to be a special circumstance since it supplies both the circumflex and the anterior descending arteries. Consequently a value of 200 was assigned to the left mainstem coronary artery and the percentage of occlusion of this vessel for rating ...
Computational Fluid Dynamics Applied to Cardiac Computed
... positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for lesions causing ischemia of 84.3%, 87.9%, 82.2%, 73.9%, and 92.2%, respectively, for FFRCTA (19). The performance of FFRCTA was superior to CTA stenosis for diagnosing ischemic lesions, the latter of which demonstrated an accur ...
... positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for lesions causing ischemia of 84.3%, 87.9%, 82.2%, 73.9%, and 92.2%, respectively, for FFRCTA (19). The performance of FFRCTA was superior to CTA stenosis for diagnosing ischemic lesions, the latter of which demonstrated an accur ...
Mitral Annulus Calcification
... was initially thought to be an age-related degenerative process, there is accumulating evidence that other mechanisms, such as atherosclerosis and abnormal calcium-phosphorus metabolism, also contribute to the development of MAC. Despite its frequency, the clinical relevance of MAC is grossly undera ...
... was initially thought to be an age-related degenerative process, there is accumulating evidence that other mechanisms, such as atherosclerosis and abnormal calcium-phosphorus metabolism, also contribute to the development of MAC. Despite its frequency, the clinical relevance of MAC is grossly undera ...
causes of right ventricular failure
... influenced by the position of the IV septum, with the septum being concave toward the LV in normal loading conditions[11]. The RV is thin-walled, usually 1-3mm; hence RV mass is about 1/6th that of the LV in the mature child and adult. The RV volume is greater than that of the LV; the normal range o ...
... influenced by the position of the IV septum, with the septum being concave toward the LV in normal loading conditions[11]. The RV is thin-walled, usually 1-3mm; hence RV mass is about 1/6th that of the LV in the mature child and adult. The RV volume is greater than that of the LV; the normal range o ...
Heart Rate Variability in Athletes
... Other adjustments take place in almost every organ system of the body and involve all aspects of cardiac and peripheral vascular control, including regulation by the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Neural mechanisms appear to be of great importance in mediating the initial response to exercise, whic ...
... Other adjustments take place in almost every organ system of the body and involve all aspects of cardiac and peripheral vascular control, including regulation by the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Neural mechanisms appear to be of great importance in mediating the initial response to exercise, whic ...
Relationship between significant coronary artery disease and
... between the potentially lethal CAAs and the development of CADs has not been fully described so far; therefore, we planned to examine the possible relationship between the frequency of CAAs determined with angiography and CADs. The frequency of CAAs is shown to range between 0.6% and 5.6% in the gen ...
... between the potentially lethal CAAs and the development of CADs has not been fully described so far; therefore, we planned to examine the possible relationship between the frequency of CAAs determined with angiography and CADs. The frequency of CAAs is shown to range between 0.6% and 5.6% in the gen ...
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in ischemic heart
... Nagel et al compared the ability to detect a coronary stenosis 50% as assessed by coronary angiography using dobutamine CMR or dobutamine TTE. They reported a sensitivity of 86% versus 74%, specificity of 86% versus 70%, and diagnostic accuracy of 86% versus 73% (21). Further results underlining the ...
... Nagel et al compared the ability to detect a coronary stenosis 50% as assessed by coronary angiography using dobutamine CMR or dobutamine TTE. They reported a sensitivity of 86% versus 74%, specificity of 86% versus 70%, and diagnostic accuracy of 86% versus 73% (21). Further results underlining the ...
anomalous left coronary artery arising from pulmonary - Heart
... coronary artery vascular bed and the pulmonary artery. That blood flow is from the anomalous left coronary artery into the pulmonary artery in long-term survivors is supported by evidence cited by Edwards (1958), Jurishica (1957), George and Knowlan (1959), and Lampe and Verheugt (1960), and most re ...
... coronary artery vascular bed and the pulmonary artery. That blood flow is from the anomalous left coronary artery into the pulmonary artery in long-term survivors is supported by evidence cited by Edwards (1958), Jurishica (1957), George and Knowlan (1959), and Lampe and Verheugt (1960), and most re ...
anomalous left coronary artery arising from pulmonary - Heart
... coronary artery vascular bed and the pulmonary artery. That blood flow is from the anomalous left coronary artery into the pulmonary artery in long-term survivors is supported by evidence cited by Edwards (1958), Jurishica (1957), George and Knowlan (1959), and Lampe and Verheugt (1960), and most re ...
... coronary artery vascular bed and the pulmonary artery. That blood flow is from the anomalous left coronary artery into the pulmonary artery in long-term survivors is supported by evidence cited by Edwards (1958), Jurishica (1957), George and Knowlan (1959), and Lampe and Verheugt (1960), and most re ...
Trans-Radial Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in
... on-screen response of catheters and angioplasty wires to normal manipulation (torquing). Consequently, although it may aid image interpretation, we found this technique unhelpful for PCI. Trans-radial coronary angiography and angioplasty have emerged as safe, feasible, and effective alternative with ...
... on-screen response of catheters and angioplasty wires to normal manipulation (torquing). Consequently, although it may aid image interpretation, we found this technique unhelpful for PCI. Trans-radial coronary angiography and angioplasty have emerged as safe, feasible, and effective alternative with ...
Case Report Septic coronary embolism
... structures of the heart, most frequently the valves, harbor an infective process that leads to valvular dysfunction, localized or generalized sepsis, or sites for embolism [1]. The embolic events in infective endocarditis have a high prevalence, ranged from 13 - 49 % [2]; however, coronary embolism ...
... structures of the heart, most frequently the valves, harbor an infective process that leads to valvular dysfunction, localized or generalized sepsis, or sites for embolism [1]. The embolic events in infective endocarditis have a high prevalence, ranged from 13 - 49 % [2]; however, coronary embolism ...
Medtronic Cardiac Rhythm and Heart Failure ICD
... Guidelines for use of ICD-10-CM are offered by multiple sources, but two sources are mandatory: Instructions within the ICD-10 codebook itself The ICD-10 Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting Use of these guidelines is mandated under HIPAA. Physicians only need to use the diagnosis gu ...
... Guidelines for use of ICD-10-CM are offered by multiple sources, but two sources are mandatory: Instructions within the ICD-10 codebook itself The ICD-10 Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting Use of these guidelines is mandated under HIPAA. Physicians only need to use the diagnosis gu ...
Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of Marfan Syndrome
... revised Ghent nosology cannot always be applied to children, particularly those with sporadically occurring disease. Known associations with early death include new mutation, family history of dissection at <5cm (aortic root diameter), male sex, and emergency surgery where the death rate is five tim ...
... revised Ghent nosology cannot always be applied to children, particularly those with sporadically occurring disease. Known associations with early death include new mutation, family history of dissection at <5cm (aortic root diameter), male sex, and emergency surgery where the death rate is five tim ...
Effects of mitral valve regurgitation in the dog on the right ventricle
... deform and become smaller, and may prolapse (bulge) toward the atrial side in systole. Chordae tendinae are thickened, lengthened and fragile. The disease develops over years so many dogs will have murmurs but no clinical signs, while those more severely affected and/or older are likely to develop H ...
... deform and become smaller, and may prolapse (bulge) toward the atrial side in systole. Chordae tendinae are thickened, lengthened and fragile. The disease develops over years so many dogs will have murmurs but no clinical signs, while those more severely affected and/or older are likely to develop H ...
Contemporary Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine Athlete`s Heart
... blood from the lungs to the skeletal muscles, a process quantified as cardiac output (liters per minute). The Fick equation (cardiac output⫽VO2⫻arterial-venous O2) /delta]) can be used to quantify the relationship between cardiac output and VO2. In the healthy human, there is a direct and inviolate ...
... blood from the lungs to the skeletal muscles, a process quantified as cardiac output (liters per minute). The Fick equation (cardiac output⫽VO2⫻arterial-venous O2) /delta]) can be used to quantify the relationship between cardiac output and VO2. In the healthy human, there is a direct and inviolate ...
Cardiovascular Responses to Exercise
... volume increases because of the return of blood to the heart by the active muscle pump, increased venoconstriction (which decreases venous pooling, thereby increasing venous return), and increased cardiac output. Left ventricular end–systolic volume decreases owing to augmented contractility of the ...
... volume increases because of the return of blood to the heart by the active muscle pump, increased venoconstriction (which decreases venous pooling, thereby increasing venous return), and increased cardiac output. Left ventricular end–systolic volume decreases owing to augmented contractility of the ...
Multimodality Imaging of Left Circumflex Artery to Coronary Sinus
... this stage, the patient can present with symptoms of congestive heart failure that presents as reduced effort tolerance and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. Apart from that, they can also present with myocardial ischemic symptoms such as angina due to coronary artery steal (5, 8, 11). Rare complication ...
... this stage, the patient can present with symptoms of congestive heart failure that presents as reduced effort tolerance and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. Apart from that, they can also present with myocardial ischemic symptoms such as angina due to coronary artery steal (5, 8, 11). Rare complication ...
threshold changes in blood lactate, beat-to
... threshold change in the RPP (RT) and LT, and did not assess whether these thresholds occurred at the same exercise intensity, or how the data compared to the ventilatory threshold (VT). Also, the relationships between the variables' non-linear changes with increasing exercise intensity were not eluc ...
... threshold change in the RPP (RT) and LT, and did not assess whether these thresholds occurred at the same exercise intensity, or how the data compared to the ventilatory threshold (VT). Also, the relationships between the variables' non-linear changes with increasing exercise intensity were not eluc ...
Cardiovascular Assessment of Infants and Children INTRODUCTION
... Where disease states may surface at different times during childhood, and where the cardiovascular system changes with the child’s age, the physical examination of the cardiovascular system will be approached for three age groups; the infant, the three year old and the teenager. ...
... Where disease states may surface at different times during childhood, and where the cardiovascular system changes with the child’s age, the physical examination of the cardiovascular system will be approached for three age groups; the infant, the three year old and the teenager. ...
Arrhythmia Management - SPCN – The Society of Pediatric
... include congenital cardiac malformations, surgical repair and scarring, long cardiopulmonary bypass times, or exposure to chronic hemodynamic stress (Brugada, 2013). Electrolyte and acid-base imbalance and the use of vasoactive drugs also predispose children to arrhythmias (Jhang, 2010). Inflammatio ...
... include congenital cardiac malformations, surgical repair and scarring, long cardiopulmonary bypass times, or exposure to chronic hemodynamic stress (Brugada, 2013). Electrolyte and acid-base imbalance and the use of vasoactive drugs also predispose children to arrhythmias (Jhang, 2010). Inflammatio ...
Neonatal and Pediatric Guidelines for Arrhythmia
... include congenital cardiac malformations, surgical repair and scarring, long cardiopulmonary bypass times, or exposure to chronic hemodynamic stress (Brugada, 2013). Electrolyte and acid-base imbalance and the use of vasoactive drugs also predispose children to arrhythmias (Jhang, 2010). Inflammatio ...
... include congenital cardiac malformations, surgical repair and scarring, long cardiopulmonary bypass times, or exposure to chronic hemodynamic stress (Brugada, 2013). Electrolyte and acid-base imbalance and the use of vasoactive drugs also predispose children to arrhythmias (Jhang, 2010). Inflammatio ...
THE ROLE OF THE THEBESIAN VESSELS IN THE CIRCULATION
... on beef and sheep hearts. In these experiments Vieussens ligated the vena cava above and below the right auricle of the heart and next ligated the pulmonary veins. Having thus blocked these outlets he injected a solution of safmnine in alcohol into the coronary arteries. After the safranine had fill ...
... on beef and sheep hearts. In these experiments Vieussens ligated the vena cava above and below the right auricle of the heart and next ligated the pulmonary veins. Having thus blocked these outlets he injected a solution of safmnine in alcohol into the coronary arteries. After the safranine had fill ...
Sudden Cardiac Arrest During Sports Activity in Middle Age
... Variables included: (i) time and location of each event; (ii) clinical and demographic information (age, sex, personal history of known cardiovascular risk factors or heart disease, and any symptoms during the preceding week). Symptom assessment was derived from multiple sources, including family me ...
... Variables included: (i) time and location of each event; (ii) clinical and demographic information (age, sex, personal history of known cardiovascular risk factors or heart disease, and any symptoms during the preceding week). Symptom assessment was derived from multiple sources, including family me ...
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease in question. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Prevention of atherosclerosis is by decreasing risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating high blood pressure and diabetes is also beneficial. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease. The effect of the use of aspirin in people who are otherwise healthy is of unclear benefit. The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. Treatment of those who have CVD improves outcomes.Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.