the left atrium in hypertension: a symbol of mortality and morbidity?
... atrial size is more closely related to ambulatory, rather than office, blood pressure measurements, and a high mean night time blood pressure is a powerful marker of left atrial enlargement in arterial hypertension [21]. Whether left atrial enlargement in hypertension is a direct result of hypertens ...
... atrial size is more closely related to ambulatory, rather than office, blood pressure measurements, and a high mean night time blood pressure is a powerful marker of left atrial enlargement in arterial hypertension [21]. Whether left atrial enlargement in hypertension is a direct result of hypertens ...
Coronary artery anomalies - Kings College
... vivo using non-invasive imaging. We have divided this article into three groups, according to their frequency in the general population: Normal, normal variant and anomaly. Although congenital coronary artery anomalies are relatively uncommon, they are the second most common cause of sudden cardiac ...
... vivo using non-invasive imaging. We have divided this article into three groups, according to their frequency in the general population: Normal, normal variant and anomaly. Although congenital coronary artery anomalies are relatively uncommon, they are the second most common cause of sudden cardiac ...
EACVI position paper:multimodality imaging in pericardial disease
... Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography is considered as the firstline imaging modality in almost all types of pericardial diseases because it is simple and quick to perform, widely available and safe.2 However, two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography has several weaknesses, mainly related to its depen ...
... Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography is considered as the firstline imaging modality in almost all types of pericardial diseases because it is simple and quick to perform, widely available and safe.2 However, two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography has several weaknesses, mainly related to its depen ...
Coronary magnetic resonance angiography
... ability to generate any image plane in three dimensions. Additionally, there is no exposure to potentially harmful ionizing radiation with MRA. Therefore, the utility of coronary MRA has been investigated since the late 1980s (2,3). Although no coronary stenoses were identiļ¬ed in those early studies ...
... ability to generate any image plane in three dimensions. Additionally, there is no exposure to potentially harmful ionizing radiation with MRA. Therefore, the utility of coronary MRA has been investigated since the late 1980s (2,3). Although no coronary stenoses were identiļ¬ed in those early studies ...
morphological study of coronary sinus in human cadaveric
... vein and middle cardiac vein are the 2 most consistently present tributaries of coronary sinus [11]. The great cardiac vein has been reported to vary considerably in its course [12,13]. Lateral and posterior venous branches are seen in <50% of human heart unlike the great cardiac vein and middle car ...
... vein and middle cardiac vein are the 2 most consistently present tributaries of coronary sinus [11]. The great cardiac vein has been reported to vary considerably in its course [12,13]. Lateral and posterior venous branches are seen in <50% of human heart unlike the great cardiac vein and middle car ...
Carrent issues of the aortic functional morphology
... point out aortic paraganglia. According to William J. Crause paraganglia are located in some vascular areas: the point of branching off of the left subclavian artery and the corner between the right common carotid artery and the right subclavian artery. Christopher Edwards and Donald Heath (1960) d ...
... point out aortic paraganglia. According to William J. Crause paraganglia are located in some vascular areas: the point of branching off of the left subclavian artery and the corner between the right common carotid artery and the right subclavian artery. Christopher Edwards and Donald Heath (1960) d ...
Advances in the Study of Heart Development and Disease Using
... various specialized, differentiated cardiac cell types that are subsequently assembled into a functional pumping organ. Though the zebrafish heart is small and simple compared to the human heart, it is assembled using comparable cell types and functions in similar manner. The structural and function ...
... various specialized, differentiated cardiac cell types that are subsequently assembled into a functional pumping organ. Though the zebrafish heart is small and simple compared to the human heart, it is assembled using comparable cell types and functions in similar manner. The structural and function ...
REIMBURSEMENT ISSUES
... Gender: CVD more common in men until women reach menopause Age: risk increases with age Family history Heredity: certain ethnic groups Compounding diseases: type 2 diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome Blood cholesterol profile: high total and LDL and low HDL cholesterol ...
... Gender: CVD more common in men until women reach menopause Age: risk increases with age Family history Heredity: certain ethnic groups Compounding diseases: type 2 diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome Blood cholesterol profile: high total and LDL and low HDL cholesterol ...
ACCF/ASE/AHA/ASNC/HFSA/HRS/SCAI/SCCM/SCCT/SCMR 2011
... are counseled that comparison of individual appropriate use ratings among modalities rated at different times over the past several years may not reflect the comparative utility of the different modalities for an indication, as the ratings may vary over time. A comparative evaluation of the appropri ...
... are counseled that comparison of individual appropriate use ratings among modalities rated at different times over the past several years may not reflect the comparative utility of the different modalities for an indication, as the ratings may vary over time. A comparative evaluation of the appropri ...
2014 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial
... National Cardiac Societies document reviewers: listed in Addenda The content of these European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines has been published for personal and educational use only. No commercial use is authorized. No part of the ESC Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form w ...
... National Cardiac Societies document reviewers: listed in Addenda The content of these European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines has been published for personal and educational use only. No commercial use is authorized. No part of the ESC Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form w ...
2014 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial revascularization
... National Cardiac Societies document reviewers: listed in Addenda The content of these European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines has been published for personal and educational use only. No commercial use is authorized. No part of the ESC Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form w ...
... National Cardiac Societies document reviewers: listed in Addenda The content of these European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines has been published for personal and educational use only. No commercial use is authorized. No part of the ESC Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form w ...
Coronary ischemia-reperfusion: role of nitric oxide and endothelin
... atherosclerosis coronary plaques or their progression should be the first line of action against the disease. The atheromatous plaques, by producing severe stenosis and/or thrombosis of a coronary artery, may induce a pronounced reduction (>80%) of coronary blood supply in the distal territory of my ...
... atherosclerosis coronary plaques or their progression should be the first line of action against the disease. The atheromatous plaques, by producing severe stenosis and/or thrombosis of a coronary artery, may induce a pronounced reduction (>80%) of coronary blood supply in the distal territory of my ...
2014 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial revascularization
... National Cardiac Societies document reviewers: listed in Addenda The content of these European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines has been published for personal and educational use only. No commercial use is authorized. No part of the ESC Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form w ...
... National Cardiac Societies document reviewers: listed in Addenda The content of these European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines has been published for personal and educational use only. No commercial use is authorized. No part of the ESC Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form w ...
Guidelines ESC EACTS 2014 Guidelines on myocardial
... National Cardiac Societies document reviewers: listed in Addenda The content of these European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines has been published for personal and educational use only. No commercial use is authorized. No part of the ESC Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form w ...
... National Cardiac Societies document reviewers: listed in Addenda The content of these European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines has been published for personal and educational use only. No commercial use is authorized. No part of the ESC Guidelines may be translated or reproduced in any form w ...
PACES/HRS Expert Consensus Statement on the Recognition and
... adult with CHD can also anticipate a considerably longer life expectancy, with one study reporting a median age at death of 57 years in 2007 compared to 37 years in 2002.13 Although causes of death appear to have remained more or less consistent over the past two decades, recent years have seen a sh ...
... adult with CHD can also anticipate a considerably longer life expectancy, with one study reporting a median age at death of 57 years in 2007 compared to 37 years in 2002.13 Although causes of death appear to have remained more or less consistent over the past two decades, recent years have seen a sh ...
PACES/HRS Expert Consensus Statement on the Recognition and
... adult with CHD can also anticipate a considerably longer life expectancy, with one study reporting a median age at death of 57 years in 2007 compared to 37 years in 2002.13 Although causes of death appear to have remained more or less consistent over the past two decades, recent years have seen a sh ...
... adult with CHD can also anticipate a considerably longer life expectancy, with one study reporting a median age at death of 57 years in 2007 compared to 37 years in 2002.13 Although causes of death appear to have remained more or less consistent over the past two decades, recent years have seen a sh ...
2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Percutaneous Coronary
... and supporting text, the writing committee uses evidencebased methodologies developed by the Task Force (1). The Class of Recommendation (COR) is an estimate of the size of the treatment effect considering risks versus benefits in addition to evidence and/or agreement that a given treatment or proce ...
... and supporting text, the writing committee uses evidencebased methodologies developed by the Task Force (1). The Class of Recommendation (COR) is an estimate of the size of the treatment effect considering risks versus benefits in addition to evidence and/or agreement that a given treatment or proce ...
2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Percutaneous Coronary
... and supporting text, the writing committee uses evidencebased methodologies developed by the Task Force (1). The Class of Recommendation (COR) is an estimate of the size of the treatment effect considering risks versus benefits in addition to evidence and/or agreement that a given treatment or proce ...
... and supporting text, the writing committee uses evidencebased methodologies developed by the Task Force (1). The Class of Recommendation (COR) is an estimate of the size of the treatment effect considering risks versus benefits in addition to evidence and/or agreement that a given treatment or proce ...
Macroscopic description of the coronary arteries in Swiss albino
... subsinuosus did not exist in the Swiss albino mice, as reported in Angora rabbit4, in other rabbits2,8,13,27 and in rats1. As reported in the dog12, cardiac muscle bands were seen that crossed the coronary arteries obliquely, especially when they were running in the sulci, but when they leave the su ...
... subsinuosus did not exist in the Swiss albino mice, as reported in Angora rabbit4, in other rabbits2,8,13,27 and in rats1. As reported in the dog12, cardiac muscle bands were seen that crossed the coronary arteries obliquely, especially when they were running in the sulci, but when they leave the su ...
A STUDY OF DIRECT CORONARY SURGERY
... curative therapy available at present. The demand for adequate surgical measures to be applied to such patients is becoming more urgent. Whereas the indirect method for the revascularization of the ischemic myocardium, implantation of the internal mammary artery, originally described by Vineberg, is ...
... curative therapy available at present. The demand for adequate surgical measures to be applied to such patients is becoming more urgent. Whereas the indirect method for the revascularization of the ischemic myocardium, implantation of the internal mammary artery, originally described by Vineberg, is ...
Dynamic cardiovascular control of arterial blood pressure and heart
... (Pinsky et al., 2005), securing hemodynamic stability, during major surgery and in the intensive care unit (ICU), is one of the main challenges faced by the clinicians, where maintenance of blood pressure and prevention of organ perfusion deficiencies are the primary goals. Thus, analysis of autonom ...
... (Pinsky et al., 2005), securing hemodynamic stability, during major surgery and in the intensive care unit (ICU), is one of the main challenges faced by the clinicians, where maintenance of blood pressure and prevention of organ perfusion deficiencies are the primary goals. Thus, analysis of autonom ...
In utero pulmonary artery and aortic growth and potential for
... of postnatally encountered disease, but also for appropriate counseling of families, planning of postnatal management and designing effective and appropriate antenatal intervention. Tetralogy of Fallot is one of the most common cardiac lesions identified in utero (8-10). Despite an abundance of publ ...
... of postnatally encountered disease, but also for appropriate counseling of families, planning of postnatal management and designing effective and appropriate antenatal intervention. Tetralogy of Fallot is one of the most common cardiac lesions identified in utero (8-10). Despite an abundance of publ ...
Effects and mechanisms of curcumin on the
... suggested that the antiinflammatory effects of curcumin may prevent atrial arrhythmias (10). Curcumin attenuates the development of aortic fatty streaks in rabbits fed a high cholesterol diet (11). Thereby, it can exhibit a potential effect against atherosclerosis. Moreover, it has also been propose ...
... suggested that the antiinflammatory effects of curcumin may prevent atrial arrhythmias (10). Curcumin attenuates the development of aortic fatty streaks in rabbits fed a high cholesterol diet (11). Thereby, it can exhibit a potential effect against atherosclerosis. Moreover, it has also been propose ...
Benefits and Risks of Sauna Bathing
... ischemic symptoms began or the death occurred within 3 hours of sauna bathing in only 29 (1.8%) (25). In a large prospective study of 12,310 Finnish men and women 30 to 59 years old, there were 77 sudden coronary deaths during the 6-year follow-up period but only 2 of these occurred in saunas (26). ...
... ischemic symptoms began or the death occurred within 3 hours of sauna bathing in only 29 (1.8%) (25). In a large prospective study of 12,310 Finnish men and women 30 to 59 years old, there were 77 sudden coronary deaths during the 6-year follow-up period but only 2 of these occurred in saunas (26). ...
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease in question. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Prevention of atherosclerosis is by decreasing risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating high blood pressure and diabetes is also beneficial. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease. The effect of the use of aspirin in people who are otherwise healthy is of unclear benefit. The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. Treatment of those who have CVD improves outcomes.Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.