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2016 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines for the
2016 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines for the

... therapy. Second, CV risk scoring strategies tend to be better calibrated among middle-aged individuals because traditional CV risk factors, such as dyslipidemia, are most strongly associated with premature CVD.8,9 It has been estimated that many younger individuals (especially those with elevated LD ...
Identification of novel biomarker candidates for
Identification of novel biomarker candidates for

... specimen for the identification of novel markers of cardiovascular diseases. Some plasma proteins like proteins of coagulation cascade, proteins of lipid transfer, proteins interacting with vessel walls or platelets and, finally, inflammatory proteins were found to be directly involved pathogenesis ...
2016 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines for
2016 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines for

... therapy. Second, CV risk scoring strategies tend to be better calibrated among middle-aged individuals because traditional CV risk factors, such as dyslipidemia, are most strongly associated with premature CVD.8,9 It has been estimated that many younger individuals (especially those with elevated LD ...
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION DECISION AID
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION DECISION AID

... various anti-arrhythmic medications or electrical means using external paddles under anaesthesia to deliver a synchronized shock to the heart. This procedure is called a cardioversion. 5. In some cases anti-arrhythmic medications must be given long term to maintain normal sinus rhythm. 6. In some ...
CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING
CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING

... SNS fibers raise heart rate using norepinephrine ...
Chapter 16
Chapter 16

... – Reduces overall risk (rest + exercise) ...
VENTRICULAR ECTOPIC BEATS
VENTRICULAR ECTOPIC BEATS

... longer than expected delay the heart fills up more than usual producing a very strong beat which is felt as a thump. Usually the heart is entirely normal and you will often have an echocardiogram to ensure this. What are the risks? Palpitations, in the absence of underlying heart disease are usually ...
Cardiovascular - WordPress.com
Cardiovascular - WordPress.com

... fevers and a raised ASO titre migratory polyarthritis and subcutaneous nodules fever and raised ESR a raised ASO titre, pan systolic murmur and migratory polyarthritis ...
1 Pathophysiology Name Chapter 24: Alterations of Cardiovascular
1 Pathophysiology Name Chapter 24: Alterations of Cardiovascular

... Mitral valve leaflets do not position themselves properly during systole. ...
Deakin Research Online - DRO
Deakin Research Online - DRO

... calculated from the cardiac output and body surface area, and used as a guide to assess the integrity of contractility. In addition, the left and right ventricular stroke work indices can be calculated to provide a specific measure of contractility; however, such values are rarely used. In acute car ...
Metabolic syndrome and central retinal artery occlusion
Metabolic syndrome and central retinal artery occlusion

... criteria, an individual may be diagnosed to have the metabolic syndrome if he/she has three or more of the following findings: abdominal obesity, triglycerides > 1.7 mmol/l, HDL cholesterol < 1.0 mmol/l, blood pressure > 130/85 or antihypertensive medication and fasting glucose > 6.1 mmol/l (insulin ...
Metabolic Syndrome: Overview and Current Guidelines
Metabolic Syndrome: Overview and Current Guidelines

... components of the metabolic syndrome ATP III identified as relevant to clinical development of CHD: ...
Long Distance Runner with Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Excellent
Long Distance Runner with Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Excellent

... capacity was greatly dependent on peripheral adaptation. This finding is consistent with previous studies that showed that exercise training improves exercise tolerance in patients with moderate or severe left ventricular dysfunction6,7, improving oxygen extraction and utilization, muscle oxidative ...
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well

... stop the blood flow. This can cause a heart attack or stroke Coronary artery disease (CAD), also known as ischemic heart disease is a group of diseases that includes: 0(IHD stable angina, unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac It is within the group of cardiovascular diseases of ...
On Sensor Technologies in CVD Diagnosis
On Sensor Technologies in CVD Diagnosis

... Unlike most of other diseases, some CVDs can cause sudden death, especially in people who physically appear heathy and fit. Therefore, reliable diagnosis methods are extremely important to uncover hidden or silent heart diseases to prevent sudden death. Moreover, the cost for detecting and treating ...
2016 Canadian Cardiovascular Society
2016 Canadian Cardiovascular Society

... Association (AHA) Guidelines on the prevention of CVD in women now include HDP as an independent CV risk factor.26 Answer: Women diagnosed with HDP should be approached for screening with a lipid panel regardless of age. There is insufficient evidence to classify these individuals in the high risk ( ...
State of the Heart - World Heart Federation
State of the Heart - World Heart Federation

... in the developing world. The increasing number of deaths – especially in low- and middle-income countries – is alarming and saddening, particularly since through steps such as eating a healthy diet, regular physical activity and avoiding tobacco, the majority of these deaths could be prevented. Over ...
ACQUIRED DISEASES OF PREGNANCY ANTICOAGULATION IN …
ACQUIRED DISEASES OF PREGNANCY ANTICOAGULATION IN …

... • Left heart obstruction (AS with a valve area of less than 1.5 cm2 or MS with a valve area of less than 2.0 cm2) • Previous cardiovascular events or arrhythmia • NYHA class > II or cyanosis. ...
Relative risk of cardiovascular events or death
Relative risk of cardiovascular events or death

... • IR nifedipine widely used in hypertensive emergencies and even moderately elevated BP in asymptomatic patients • Never approved by the FDA for this indication; complete lack of outcome data • Unpredictable BP fall associated with stroke, acute MI, severe hypotension and death • “Routine use of IR ...
Influence of Body Height on Pulsatile Arterial Hemodynamic
Influence of Body Height on Pulsatile Arterial Hemodynamic

... Objectives. This study sought to present evidence that short stature is a hemodynamic liability, which could explain in part the inverse relation between body height and cardiovascular risk. Background. Other explanations for the association of short stature with increased cardiovascular risk includ ...
Ethyl Alcohol andthe Heart
Ethyl Alcohol andthe Heart

... death, is strongly suspected under these circumstances. Complementary information is derived from a study of outpatient alcoholics in Oslo in whom an increased incidence of sudden cardiac deaths was observed.14 Burch has recently reported that feeding ethyl alcohol daily to mice for as short as 7-10 ...
AHA/ACC Scientific Statement
AHA/ACC Scientific Statement

... death is justified and potentially beneficial.1–3,5–9,18 There are many pathways and strategies by which competitive athletes with cardiovascular disease may be recognized: (1) comprehensive evaluation by a primary care physician; (2) systematic screening of families with known genetic diseases afte ...
Low Heart Rate Variability In A 2-Minute Rhythm Strip Predicts Risk
Low Heart Rate Variability In A 2-Minute Rhythm Strip Predicts Risk

... was performed to evaluate possible confounding and interaction. Stratification did not show appreciably different relative risk estimates within subgroups of heart rate, age, sex, race, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, or body mass index. Furthermore, when analyses were restricted to subjects withou ...
Related Topics Pulse duration (DT), heart rate, end systolic diameter
Related Topics Pulse duration (DT), heart rate, end systolic diameter

... Diseases of the cardiovascular system are often associated with changes in Q, particularly the pandemic diseases of hypertension and heart failure. Cardiovascular disease can be associated with increased Q as occurs during infection and sepsis, or decreased Q, as in cardiomyopathy and heart failure. ...
Document
Document

... HDL cholesterol level <35 mg/dl (0.90 mmol/l) and/or a triglyceride level >250 mg/dl (2.82 mmol/l) Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) IGT or IFG on previous testing Other clinical conditions associated with insulin resistance (e.g., severe obesity and acanthosis ...
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Cardiovascular disease



Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease in question. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Prevention of atherosclerosis is by decreasing risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating high blood pressure and diabetes is also beneficial. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease. The effect of the use of aspirin in people who are otherwise healthy is of unclear benefit. The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. Treatment of those who have CVD improves outcomes.Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.
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