The chemical composition of subducting sediment and its
... 0009-2541r98r$19.00 q 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII S 0 0 0 9 - 2 5 4 1 Ž 9 7 . 0 0 1 5 0 - 2 ...
... 0009-2541r98r$19.00 q 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII S 0 0 0 9 - 2 5 4 1 Ž 9 7 . 0 0 1 5 0 - 2 ...
Slab detachment in laterally varying subduction zones: 3D
... [Andersen et al., 1991], surface uplift rates [Fox, 2012], or plutonism [Davies and von Blanckenburg, 1995]. Besides numerous two-dimensional thermomechanical studies [e.g., Duretz et al., 2012a], three-dimensional (3-D) slab detachment dynamics during continental collision remain largely unexplored ...
... [Andersen et al., 1991], surface uplift rates [Fox, 2012], or plutonism [Davies and von Blanckenburg, 1995]. Besides numerous two-dimensional thermomechanical studies [e.g., Duretz et al., 2012a], three-dimensional (3-D) slab detachment dynamics during continental collision remain largely unexplored ...
Geology of the Central Peloncillo Mountains, Hidalgo County, New
... reconnaissance mapping of southwestern New Mexico for the new map. This report is one of a series representing detailed studies of areas regarded as critical both with respect to geologic information and to knowledge of mineral deposits. The central Peloncillo Mountains, situated as they are on the ...
... reconnaissance mapping of southwestern New Mexico for the new map. This report is one of a series representing detailed studies of areas regarded as critical both with respect to geologic information and to knowledge of mineral deposits. The central Peloncillo Mountains, situated as they are on the ...
How do subduction processes contribute to forearc Andean uplift
... 0264-3707/© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ...
... 0264-3707/© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ...
PDF (Chapter 23. The Upper Mantle)
... upper mantle- basalts , peridotites, recycled crust and so on. The MORB source is just part of the upper mantle and it is not the only LIL-depleted part of the mantle. It is not necessarily convectively homogenized. Attempts to establish an average composition for 'the upper mantle' focus on the mos ...
... upper mantle- basalts , peridotites, recycled crust and so on. The MORB source is just part of the upper mantle and it is not the only LIL-depleted part of the mantle. It is not necessarily convectively homogenized. Attempts to establish an average composition for 'the upper mantle' focus on the mos ...
Chapter 17 Basins in arc-continent collisions
... ways. Trenches and trench-slope basins form along the boundary between the two plates in response to flexure of the subducting slab and extension of the upper plate driven by basal tectonic erosion (Fig. 17.2; von Huene and Scholl, 1991; Underwood and Moore, 1995; Underwood et al., 2003). Forearc ba ...
... ways. Trenches and trench-slope basins form along the boundary between the two plates in response to flexure of the subducting slab and extension of the upper plate driven by basal tectonic erosion (Fig. 17.2; von Huene and Scholl, 1991; Underwood and Moore, 1995; Underwood et al., 2003). Forearc ba ...
Plate motions, slab dynamics and back
... in earlier studies (e.g., Jarrard, 1986; Garfunkel et al., 1986; Otsuki, 1989), although such studies sometimes led to contradictory conclusions. By making the simple assumption that internal forces, like gravitational collapse or back-arc ridge-push, are negligible in oceanic subduction zones (i.e. ...
... in earlier studies (e.g., Jarrard, 1986; Garfunkel et al., 1986; Otsuki, 1989), although such studies sometimes led to contradictory conclusions. By making the simple assumption that internal forces, like gravitational collapse or back-arc ridge-push, are negligible in oceanic subduction zones (i.e. ...
Plate motions, slab dynamics and back
... in earlier studies (e.g., Jarrard, 1986; Garfunkel et al., 1986; Otsuki, 1989), although such studies sometimes led to contradictory conclusions. By making the simple assumption that internal forces, like gravitational collapse or back-arc ridge-push, are negligible in oceanic subduction zones (i.e. ...
... in earlier studies (e.g., Jarrard, 1986; Garfunkel et al., 1986; Otsuki, 1989), although such studies sometimes led to contradictory conclusions. By making the simple assumption that internal forces, like gravitational collapse or back-arc ridge-push, are negligible in oceanic subduction zones (i.e. ...
Text
... Seamounts – individual volcanoes on the ocean floor, they are distinct from the plate boundary volcanic system of the mid-ocean ridges because seamounts tend to by circular or conical (NOAA). Seamounts vary in size and those that breach the ocean’s surface are called oceanic islands, an example of t ...
... Seamounts – individual volcanoes on the ocean floor, they are distinct from the plate boundary volcanic system of the mid-ocean ridges because seamounts tend to by circular or conical (NOAA). Seamounts vary in size and those that breach the ocean’s surface are called oceanic islands, an example of t ...
PDF (Chapter 11. Evolution of the Mantle)
... that is, anywhere between 220 lun and 650 km. The homogeneity of MORB, on a global basis, the arguments that attribute it to large degrees of partial melting, the tendency of enriched interstitial fluids to migrate upward, and the possible contamination of the shallow mantle by subducted sediments a ...
... that is, anywhere between 220 lun and 650 km. The homogeneity of MORB, on a global basis, the arguments that attribute it to large degrees of partial melting, the tendency of enriched interstitial fluids to migrate upward, and the possible contamination of the shallow mantle by subducted sediments a ...
Implications of mantle plume structure for the evolution of flood basalts
... implications of this plume structure by comparing the physical and chemical characteristics of two flood basalt provinces (the Deccan and Karoo) with predictions of the dynamical model. The chronology, tectonics and geochemistry of the two provinces all fit well with the starting plume hypothesis. W ...
... implications of this plume structure by comparing the physical and chemical characteristics of two flood basalt provinces (the Deccan and Karoo) with predictions of the dynamical model. The chronology, tectonics and geochemistry of the two provinces all fit well with the starting plume hypothesis. W ...
The three-dimensional thermo-mechanical signature of
... transpressive deformation with a different sense of shear as the other side of the slab window. Immediately above the slab window, the velocity vectors should be divergent, and may lead to the development of extensional structures. However, if both plates are transpressive in the same direction, but ...
... transpressive deformation with a different sense of shear as the other side of the slab window. Immediately above the slab window, the velocity vectors should be divergent, and may lead to the development of extensional structures. However, if both plates are transpressive in the same direction, but ...
Antipodal hotspots and bipolar catastrophes: Were oceanic large
... unexplained by plate tectonic theory, hotspots originate from melting anomalies in the upper mantle. Some of the more prominent hotspots were initiated along with flood basalt volcanism and continental rifting [3]. A number of models have been suggested to explain the origin of hotspots including te ...
... unexplained by plate tectonic theory, hotspots originate from melting anomalies in the upper mantle. Some of the more prominent hotspots were initiated along with flood basalt volcanism and continental rifting [3]. A number of models have been suggested to explain the origin of hotspots including te ...
The Eclogite Engine: Chemical geodynamics as
... phenomenon, even though the melting temperature of dry pyrolite is very high. The volume of anomalous volcanism is much less than the amount of oceanic crust that is recycled back into the mantle. Melting in the asthenosphere is widespread, but magma may not always be able to rise to the surface. Mi ...
... phenomenon, even though the melting temperature of dry pyrolite is very high. The volume of anomalous volcanism is much less than the amount of oceanic crust that is recycled back into the mantle. Melting in the asthenosphere is widespread, but magma may not always be able to rise to the surface. Mi ...
Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, and Perisphere
... is generally melting of the "depleted oceanic lithosphere." Usuassumedto have viscosities2 or 3 orders of magnitude higher. According to Barrell [ 1914], the lithosphere is 100 times stronger than the asthenosphere. Unfortunately, the term lithosphere has recently been applied to many other concepts ...
... is generally melting of the "depleted oceanic lithosphere." Usuassumedto have viscosities2 or 3 orders of magnitude higher. According to Barrell [ 1914], the lithosphere is 100 times stronger than the asthenosphere. Unfortunately, the term lithosphere has recently been applied to many other concepts ...
Doglioni et al Mantle wedge asymmetries and geochemical
... the velocity of the subduction hinge (Vs = −Vh). In all subduction zones the subduction hinge migrates toward the lower plate. However, two main types of subduction zones can be distinguished: 1) those where the upper plate converges toward the lower plate slower than the subduction hinge (mostly W- ...
... the velocity of the subduction hinge (Vs = −Vh). In all subduction zones the subduction hinge migrates toward the lower plate. However, two main types of subduction zones can be distinguished: 1) those where the upper plate converges toward the lower plate slower than the subduction hinge (mostly W- ...
Geomorphic analysis of transient landscapes in the Sierra
... The present-day North American–Caribbean plate boundary consists of three main sinistral faults which delimitate two crustal-scale slivers: the Motagua (Malfait and Dinkelman, 1972; Plafker, 1976), Polochic (Burkart, 1978; Deaton and Burkart, 1984; Sánchez-Barreda, 1981) and Ixcán (GuzmánSpeziale, 2 ...
... The present-day North American–Caribbean plate boundary consists of three main sinistral faults which delimitate two crustal-scale slivers: the Motagua (Malfait and Dinkelman, 1972; Plafker, 1976), Polochic (Burkart, 1978; Deaton and Burkart, 1984; Sánchez-Barreda, 1981) and Ixcán (GuzmánSpeziale, 2 ...
Earthquakes - Kean University
... Seismic waves are captured by a recorder known as a seismograph. The relative arrival times of different types of seismic waves is used to determine the distance of the seismograph station from the origin of the earthquake. Three or more records can be used to pinpoint the earthquake's epicenter, th ...
... Seismic waves are captured by a recorder known as a seismograph. The relative arrival times of different types of seismic waves is used to determine the distance of the seismograph station from the origin of the earthquake. Three or more records can be used to pinpoint the earthquake's epicenter, th ...
- NERC Open Research Archive
... A rationalisation of the nomenclature applied to the main lithostratigraphical marker horizons in the Lower Limestone Formation has been undertaken, standardising on those of the Glasgow area. The base of the Coal Measures is placed at the base of the Lowstone Marine Band, its local correlative or a ...
... A rationalisation of the nomenclature applied to the main lithostratigraphical marker horizons in the Lower Limestone Formation has been undertaken, standardising on those of the Glasgow area. The base of the Coal Measures is placed at the base of the Lowstone Marine Band, its local correlative or a ...
Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 139, 1-16, 1996.
... with an age”* and age-‘/*, respectively. In the plate model [5,6] lithosphere is treated as a cooling plate with an isothermal lower boundary. Due to additional heat input to the base of the lithosphere by hot-spots 17) or by some type of small-scale convection [8] the depth and heat flow curves fla ...
... with an age”* and age-‘/*, respectively. In the plate model [5,6] lithosphere is treated as a cooling plate with an isothermal lower boundary. Due to additional heat input to the base of the lithosphere by hot-spots 17) or by some type of small-scale convection [8] the depth and heat flow curves fla ...
Is the rate of supercontinent assembly changing with time?
... We still have many questions regarding the supercontinent cycle, such as when it began, has continental crust grown in volume with time, and has the period of the cycle been constant or has it changed with time. The timescale of assembly and dispersal of supercontinents is still not well constrained ...
... We still have many questions regarding the supercontinent cycle, such as when it began, has continental crust grown in volume with time, and has the period of the cycle been constant or has it changed with time. The timescale of assembly and dispersal of supercontinents is still not well constrained ...
AZU_TD_BOX306_E9791_
... in the central Magdalena Mountains was undertaken to determine the geology and tectonic history of the range. The oldest strata exposed in the central Magdalena Mountains are Precambrian argillite and granite, which are unconformably overlain by upper Paleozoic sedimentary rocks. but were subsequent ...
... in the central Magdalena Mountains was undertaken to determine the geology and tectonic history of the range. The oldest strata exposed in the central Magdalena Mountains are Precambrian argillite and granite, which are unconformably overlain by upper Paleozoic sedimentary rocks. but were subsequent ...
Earth`s heterogeneous mantle: A product of convection
... Ubiquitous heterogeneity in the Earth's mantle has been documented by numerous chemical and isotopic analyses of oceanic basalts. Despite the ever-increasing amount of data, the way in which compositional heterogeneity is manifest in the Earth's mantle, as well as the processes leading to mantle het ...
... Ubiquitous heterogeneity in the Earth's mantle has been documented by numerous chemical and isotopic analyses of oceanic basalts. Despite the ever-increasing amount of data, the way in which compositional heterogeneity is manifest in the Earth's mantle, as well as the processes leading to mantle het ...
Geology
Geology (from the Greek γῆ, gē, i.e. ""earth"" and -λoγία, -logia, i.e. ""study of, discourse"") is an earth science comprising the study of solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which they change. Geology can also refer generally to the study of the solid features of any celestial body (such as the geology of the Moon or Mars).Geology gives insight into the history of the Earth by providing the primary evidence for plate tectonics, the evolutionary history of life, and past climates. Geology is important for mineral and hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation, evaluating water resources, understanding of natural hazards, the remediation of environmental problems, and for providing insights into past climate change. Geology also plays a role in geotechnical engineering and is a major academic discipline.