Earthquakes
... The Gap Hypothesis The gap hypothesis states that sections of active faults that have had relatively few earthquakes are likely to be the sites of stronger earthquakes in the future. The areas along a fault where relatively few earthquakes have occurred are called seismic gaps. The gaps hypothesi ...
... The Gap Hypothesis The gap hypothesis states that sections of active faults that have had relatively few earthquakes are likely to be the sites of stronger earthquakes in the future. The areas along a fault where relatively few earthquakes have occurred are called seismic gaps. The gaps hypothesi ...
Plate Tectonics
... Collision boundaries occur when two plates of similar densities move together (i.e. a continental plate and a continental plate). This causes the material between them to buckle and rise up, forming fold mountains. The Himalayas are an example of a chain of fold mountains. They have been formed by t ...
... Collision boundaries occur when two plates of similar densities move together (i.e. a continental plate and a continental plate). This causes the material between them to buckle and rise up, forming fold mountains. The Himalayas are an example of a chain of fold mountains. They have been formed by t ...
File - Ms. D. Science CGPA
... Normal faults form where rock is pulled apart by tension in Earth’s crust. The block above is angled fault called the hanging wall. The rock below the fault is called the footwall. The hanging wall slips downward when rock moves along the fault. ...
... Normal faults form where rock is pulled apart by tension in Earth’s crust. The block above is angled fault called the hanging wall. The rock below the fault is called the footwall. The hanging wall slips downward when rock moves along the fault. ...
Movement of the Earth Theory of Plate Tectonics
... Continental Drift Hypothesis • In 1912 Alfred Wegener suggested that all the continents were once connected as one large landmass now called Pangaea. • Pangaea means “all land”. • The landmass broke apart about 200 million years ago and the continents slowly drifted to their present positions. ...
... Continental Drift Hypothesis • In 1912 Alfred Wegener suggested that all the continents were once connected as one large landmass now called Pangaea. • Pangaea means “all land”. • The landmass broke apart about 200 million years ago and the continents slowly drifted to their present positions. ...
a traveling exhibition from
... • Watch satellite footage from the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami as the wave spread around the globe • Marvel at large-format projections of actual footage from hurricanes, volcanoes, earthquakes, and tornadoes ...
... • Watch satellite footage from the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami as the wave spread around the globe • Marvel at large-format projections of actual footage from hurricanes, volcanoes, earthquakes, and tornadoes ...
Unit 1 – Introduction to Natural Hazards
... Geologic conditions and materials largely govern the type, location, and intensity of natural processes. The geologic cycle creates, maintains, and destroys Earth materials by physical, chemical, and biological processes. Subcycles of the geologic cycle are the tectonic cycle, rock cycle, hydrologic ...
... Geologic conditions and materials largely govern the type, location, and intensity of natural processes. The geologic cycle creates, maintains, and destroys Earth materials by physical, chemical, and biological processes. Subcycles of the geologic cycle are the tectonic cycle, rock cycle, hydrologic ...
view the Lecture Presentation
... Horizontal marine sediments deformed by orogenesis. High mountains are eroded away to below sea level. Sediments deposited horizontally on the erosion surface. ...
... Horizontal marine sediments deformed by orogenesis. High mountains are eroded away to below sea level. Sediments deposited horizontally on the erosion surface. ...
Uplift of Earth`s Crust
... know that volcanic mountains form on land, but did you know that these mountains also form on the ocean floor? Underwater eruptions can produce mountains beneath the sea. Eventually, if enough lava is erupted, these mountains grow above sea level. For example, Hawaii, shown above in Figure 16, is th ...
... know that volcanic mountains form on land, but did you know that these mountains also form on the ocean floor? Underwater eruptions can produce mountains beneath the sea. Eventually, if enough lava is erupted, these mountains grow above sea level. For example, Hawaii, shown above in Figure 16, is th ...
Volcanoes - Basics and Locations
... Volcanoes on Land • Ring of Fire – an area around the Pacific Ocean containing the majority of the active volcanoes on the Earth Convergent plates are being subducted, forming magma, which rises up in the crust, and erupts as volcanoes ...
... Volcanoes on Land • Ring of Fire – an area around the Pacific Ocean containing the majority of the active volcanoes on the Earth Convergent plates are being subducted, forming magma, which rises up in the crust, and erupts as volcanoes ...
Earth`s Climate & Mankind
... Earth’s climate system Air, water, land and vegetation Changes in Earth’s climate system Driven by cause and effect Buzz words of climate scientists – forcing and response Forcing – factors that drive or cause changes Response – the climate change that occurs ...
... Earth’s climate system Air, water, land and vegetation Changes in Earth’s climate system Driven by cause and effect Buzz words of climate scientists – forcing and response Forcing – factors that drive or cause changes Response – the climate change that occurs ...
Key elements of Plate Tectonics
... Lithosphere consists of rigid plates (100 km average; 70 km for ocean & 150 km for continents) Plates move relative to one another by Divergence, Convergence, or Transform motion Formation of Oceanic lithosphere at divergent plate boundaries and is consumed at subduction zone Most earthquake ...
... Lithosphere consists of rigid plates (100 km average; 70 km for ocean & 150 km for continents) Plates move relative to one another by Divergence, Convergence, or Transform motion Formation of Oceanic lithosphere at divergent plate boundaries and is consumed at subduction zone Most earthquake ...
Cyclical Behavior in Cordilleran Orogenic Systems
... (3) How do sedimentary basins that form in Cordilleran systems respond to this array of geodynamic processes? These basins span the entire orogenic system and provide a valuable archive of the tectonic and climatic conditions under which the orogenic belt evolves. (4) Cordilleran orogenic systems ma ...
... (3) How do sedimentary basins that form in Cordilleran systems respond to this array of geodynamic processes? These basins span the entire orogenic system and provide a valuable archive of the tectonic and climatic conditions under which the orogenic belt evolves. (4) Cordilleran orogenic systems ma ...
Jigsaw Readings
... apart. Geologists can observe this process happening today at many places on Earth. The point where plates have broken apart is called a rift. Rifts occurring in crustal plates under the continents often form long valleys, or rift valleys. These can be many thousands of feet deep. An example of a co ...
... apart. Geologists can observe this process happening today at many places on Earth. The point where plates have broken apart is called a rift. Rifts occurring in crustal plates under the continents often form long valleys, or rift valleys. These can be many thousands of feet deep. An example of a co ...
Document
... The word means “all lands” in Greek. Wegener believed that all the continents were at one time joined together approximately 200 million years ago. ...
... The word means “all lands” in Greek. Wegener believed that all the continents were at one time joined together approximately 200 million years ago. ...
Earthquakes Terminology of Earthquakes Elastic Rebound Theory
... • P-waves have greatest velocity (4-7 km/s in crust and ~8 km/s in mantle). As such, they are the first waves to arrive at a distant point. ...
... • P-waves have greatest velocity (4-7 km/s in crust and ~8 km/s in mantle). As such, they are the first waves to arrive at a distant point. ...
Chapter 3
... By the late Triassic (210 mya) Pangea split into separate continents, forcing the independent development of regional biotas (flora + fauna) Asia and Africa began separating from each other (early Jurassic - 200 mya). North America began to drift westward (continues today) and away from Africa and S ...
... By the late Triassic (210 mya) Pangea split into separate continents, forcing the independent development of regional biotas (flora + fauna) Asia and Africa began separating from each other (early Jurassic - 200 mya). North America began to drift westward (continues today) and away from Africa and S ...
Nature
Nature, in the broadest sense, is the natural, physical, or material world or universe. ""Nature"" can refer to the phenomena of the physical world, and also to life in general. The study of nature is a large part of science. Although humans are part of nature, human activity is often understood as a separate category from other natural phenomena.The word nature is derived from the Latin word natura, or ""essential qualities, innate disposition"", and in ancient times, literally meant ""birth"". Natura is a Latin translation of the Greek word physis (φύσις), which originally related to the intrinsic characteristics that plants, animals, and other features of the world develop of their own accord. The concept of nature as a whole, the physical universe, is one of several expansions of the original notion; it began with certain core applications of the word φύσις by pre-Socratic philosophers, and has steadily gained currency ever since. This usage continued during the advent of modern scientific method in the last several centuries.Within the various uses of the word today, ""nature"" often refers to geology and wildlife. Nature can refer to the general realm of living plants and animals, and in some cases to the processes associated with inanimate objects – the way that particular types of things exist and change of their own accord, such as the weather and geology of the Earth. It is often taken to mean the ""natural environment"" or wilderness–wild animals, rocks, forest, and in general those things that have not been substantially altered by human intervention, or which persist despite human intervention. For example, manufactured objects and human interaction generally are not considered part of nature, unless qualified as, for example, ""human nature"" or ""the whole of nature"". This more traditional concept of natural things which can still be found today implies a distinction between the natural and the artificial, with the artificial being understood as that which has been brought into being by a human consciousness or a human mind. Depending on the particular context, the term ""natural"" might also be distinguished from the unnatural or the supernatural.