Worksheet as a MS Word file ( format)
... part of the mantle The lithosphere forms the tectonic plates that ride over top the hot, mobile asthenosphere, which moves by convection (mantle convection) due to the great amount of heat stored within the Earth The boundaries between the moving plates include three varieties, depending on the plat ...
... part of the mantle The lithosphere forms the tectonic plates that ride over top the hot, mobile asthenosphere, which moves by convection (mantle convection) due to the great amount of heat stored within the Earth The boundaries between the moving plates include three varieties, depending on the plat ...
expedition 8 worksheet as a pdf
... part of the mantle The lithosphere forms the tectonic plates that ride over top the hot, mobile asthenosphere, which moves by convection (mantle convection) due to the great amount of heat stored within the Earth The boundaries between the moving plates include three varieties, depending on the plat ...
... part of the mantle The lithosphere forms the tectonic plates that ride over top the hot, mobile asthenosphere, which moves by convection (mantle convection) due to the great amount of heat stored within the Earth The boundaries between the moving plates include three varieties, depending on the plat ...
Labrador Sea and Baffin Bay opening and magmatism explained by
... to the Labrador Sea and Baffin Bay (Fig. 4I). The unfavourable orientation of pre-existing ...
... to the Labrador Sea and Baffin Bay (Fig. 4I). The unfavourable orientation of pre-existing ...
EPSL Effects of relative plate motion on the deep structure and
... tent with either layered convection or whole mantle flow with unobstructed slab penetration [6-9]. Tomographic images suggest that subducted slabs continue to lower mantle depths below some island arcs but are laid down in the transition zone below others, and that the boundary between the transitio ...
... tent with either layered convection or whole mantle flow with unobstructed slab penetration [6-9]. Tomographic images suggest that subducted slabs continue to lower mantle depths below some island arcs but are laid down in the transition zone below others, and that the boundary between the transitio ...
![[pdf]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/018922997_1-380224a8bb70dfacc5d03e926f8079e2-300x300.png)
[pdf]
... direction of hanging wall. All faults are locked from the surface to a depth of 15 km, (i.e. are not allowed to “creep”) in accordance with the depth of most crustal seismicity in the Basin and Range. All blocks move freely according to the GPS data except for the Sierra Nevada block (lower leftmost ...
... direction of hanging wall. All faults are locked from the surface to a depth of 15 km, (i.e. are not allowed to “creep”) in accordance with the depth of most crustal seismicity in the Basin and Range. All blocks move freely according to the GPS data except for the Sierra Nevada block (lower leftmost ...
Composition and Evolution of the Lithosphere
... Most accessible; but also heterogeneous and differentiated. About 30% of the continental area is submerged beneath the oceans. Precambrian shields and platforms (cratons) structure well-known, with Z = 35 - 45 km; Vp = 5.8 - 6.4 km/s (UCC), 6.5 - 7.2 km/s (LCC) ...
... Most accessible; but also heterogeneous and differentiated. About 30% of the continental area is submerged beneath the oceans. Precambrian shields and platforms (cratons) structure well-known, with Z = 35 - 45 km; Vp = 5.8 - 6.4 km/s (UCC), 6.5 - 7.2 km/s (LCC) ...
Short-term episodicity of Archaean plate tectonics
... and 7-km-thick oceanic crust, illustrating a coherent, continuously subducting slab. Right: Subduction in a 200 K hotter mantle with a 15-km-thick oceanic crust. A weaker slab results in intermittent subduction due to frequent slab break-off events. Further details about the model calculations are p ...
... and 7-km-thick oceanic crust, illustrating a coherent, continuously subducting slab. Right: Subduction in a 200 K hotter mantle with a 15-km-thick oceanic crust. A weaker slab results in intermittent subduction due to frequent slab break-off events. Further details about the model calculations are p ...
Short-term episodicity of Archaean plate tectonics
... and 7-km-thick oceanic crust, illustrating a coherent, continuously subducting slab. Right: Subduction in a 200 K hotter mantle with a 15-km-thick oceanic crust. A weaker slab results in intermittent subduction due to frequent slab break-off events. Further details about the model calculations are p ...
... and 7-km-thick oceanic crust, illustrating a coherent, continuously subducting slab. Right: Subduction in a 200 K hotter mantle with a 15-km-thick oceanic crust. A weaker slab results in intermittent subduction due to frequent slab break-off events. Further details about the model calculations are p ...
Influence of surrounding plates on 3D subduction dynamics
... details by Braun et al. [2008], originally designed for thermo-mechanical modelling. In this study, we are interested in understanding the basic interactions of a subducting plate with the surrounding mantle and adjacent plates; we have thus used a linear viscous rheology for all components of the s ...
... details by Braun et al. [2008], originally designed for thermo-mechanical modelling. In this study, we are interested in understanding the basic interactions of a subducting plate with the surrounding mantle and adjacent plates; we have thus used a linear viscous rheology for all components of the s ...
Plate Tectonics through Time Treatise on Geophysics, N. H. Sleep
... Continental collisions, like India with Tibet, produce strike-slip faults that extend far inland from the point of indention (Molnar and Tapponnier, 1975). The faults disrupt the orogen as well as otherwise stable regions. The record has a high preservation potential that is readily associated with ...
... Continental collisions, like India with Tibet, produce strike-slip faults that extend far inland from the point of indention (Molnar and Tapponnier, 1975). The faults disrupt the orogen as well as otherwise stable regions. The record has a high preservation potential that is readily associated with ...
Activity—World Map of Plate Boundaries
... found at or near the boundary between two tectonic plates. Friction between the plates keeps them from sliding. When the frictional strain is overcome, the ground suddenly snaps along faults and fractures releasing energy as earthquakes. Volcanoes occur at divergent margins (where magma rises and er ...
... found at or near the boundary between two tectonic plates. Friction between the plates keeps them from sliding. When the frictional strain is overcome, the ground suddenly snaps along faults and fractures releasing energy as earthquakes. Volcanoes occur at divergent margins (where magma rises and er ...
Seafloor Spreading Hypothesis
... for! Convection currents within the mantle drive the continents. The continents are pushed by oceanic crust, like they are on a conveyor belt. Over millions of years the continents move around the planet’s surface. The spreading plate takes along any continent that rides on it. Vocabulary convection ...
... for! Convection currents within the mantle drive the continents. The continents are pushed by oceanic crust, like they are on a conveyor belt. Over millions of years the continents move around the planet’s surface. The spreading plate takes along any continent that rides on it. Vocabulary convection ...
Strength of the lithosphere and strain localisation in the Baikal rift
... characteristic wavelengths in the Bouguer gravity signal. The Bouguer anomaly grid comes from gravity survey with original data spacing of about 1′ and includes terrain corrections (in a range of 200 km around each data station). This data set was originally produced by Russian Geodetic Service and ...
... characteristic wavelengths in the Bouguer gravity signal. The Bouguer anomaly grid comes from gravity survey with original data spacing of about 1′ and includes terrain corrections (in a range of 200 km around each data station). This data set was originally produced by Russian Geodetic Service and ...
Chapter 4: Plate tectonics on the terrestrial planets
... For an explanation of the symbols, see Table 4.1. The ordinary differential equation (ODE) (4.2) is integrated numerically in p using a fourth order Runge-Kutta scheme, starting from a surface value of the degree of melting, corresponding to a given extrusion temperature (see Figure 4.1). For any in ...
... For an explanation of the symbols, see Table 4.1. The ordinary differential equation (ODE) (4.2) is integrated numerically in p using a fourth order Runge-Kutta scheme, starting from a surface value of the degree of melting, corresponding to a given extrusion temperature (see Figure 4.1). For any in ...
Convection scaling and subduction on Earth and super
... Super-Earths are the smallest class of discovered extra-solar planets. Owing to their relatively small mass, some might resemble Earth and perhaps be habitable. Because of the connection to habitability through thermal evolution, we investigate the tectonic regime of massive terrestrial planets. Two ...
... Super-Earths are the smallest class of discovered extra-solar planets. Owing to their relatively small mass, some might resemble Earth and perhaps be habitable. Because of the connection to habitability through thermal evolution, we investigate the tectonic regime of massive terrestrial planets. Two ...
METAMORPHIC ROCKS THE LANGUAGE OF THE EARTH – PART III
... forms of metamorphism by the loss and/or gain of material (usually transported by a fluid). Other types of metamorphism are thought to occur as nearly closed processes (except for water loss). ...
... forms of metamorphism by the loss and/or gain of material (usually transported by a fluid). Other types of metamorphism are thought to occur as nearly closed processes (except for water loss). ...
A tide loading driving for plate motion Yongfeng Yang Bureau of
... Wegener proposed the centrifugal and tidal force to be responsible for continental shift (Wegener,1915) . These forces were latterly found to be too weak to work. In addition to this, these forces are so systematic that they could uniformly exert effect on the landmass, the result will not be a spli ...
... Wegener proposed the centrifugal and tidal force to be responsible for continental shift (Wegener,1915) . These forces were latterly found to be too weak to work. In addition to this, these forces are so systematic that they could uniformly exert effect on the landmass, the result will not be a spli ...
Earth`s crust deformations in geosynclines
... 1939 and sin ce long by JEFFREYS. The writer shall not go here into the arguments leading to this hypothesis but he may point out that it obviously makes it diffieult to adhere to an elastieal down-buekling of the crust. For maintaining this irlea we should need an initial downward deformation of th ...
... 1939 and sin ce long by JEFFREYS. The writer shall not go here into the arguments leading to this hypothesis but he may point out that it obviously makes it diffieult to adhere to an elastieal down-buekling of the crust. For maintaining this irlea we should need an initial downward deformation of th ...
Dynamic models of subduction: geophysical and geological
... the lack of GPS data in the area and the long time-scale over which available estimates for this datum are based; Malinverno & Ryan (1986), for example, provide an estimate that is appropriate for the whole evolution of the Tyrrhenian Basin of about 20 Myr, corresponding to a time interval that is m ...
... the lack of GPS data in the area and the long time-scale over which available estimates for this datum are based; Malinverno & Ryan (1986), for example, provide an estimate that is appropriate for the whole evolution of the Tyrrhenian Basin of about 20 Myr, corresponding to a time interval that is m ...
Background Knowledge – Layers of the Earth 1. List the layers of the
... Island is located millions of years ago. Islands not on the hotspot are considered to be inactive or extinct. In a few million years a new island will be formed to the Southeast of the current Big Island. Diagram 2 is a side view showing that the hotspot stays in the same location with the crust mov ...
... Island is located millions of years ago. Islands not on the hotspot are considered to be inactive or extinct. In a few million years a new island will be formed to the Southeast of the current Big Island. Diagram 2 is a side view showing that the hotspot stays in the same location with the crust mov ...
GG 101 Objectives Chapter Links
... 2. Describe how volcanism relates to the origin of the atmosphere and affects Earth's climate 3. Contrast the beneficial and catastrophic effects of volcanism on humans. 4. Indicate the factors that control the explosive violence of volcanic eruptions and influence the shape of volcanic mountains. 5 ...
... 2. Describe how volcanism relates to the origin of the atmosphere and affects Earth's climate 3. Contrast the beneficial and catastrophic effects of volcanism on humans. 4. Indicate the factors that control the explosive violence of volcanic eruptions and influence the shape of volcanic mountains. 5 ...
EART 118 Seismotectonics
... Preexisting faults have no cohesive strength Lower shear stress required for slip ...
... Preexisting faults have no cohesive strength Lower shear stress required for slip ...
Bathymetric stripping corrections to gravity gradient components Robert Tenzer and Pavel Nov´ak
... represents a significant amount of the gravitational signal to be modeled and subsequently removed from observed gravity data. Currently available global gravitational models (GGM) as well as global topographic and bathymetric data sets allow for relatively accurate numerical evaluation of topograph ...
... represents a significant amount of the gravitational signal to be modeled and subsequently removed from observed gravity data. Currently available global gravitational models (GGM) as well as global topographic and bathymetric data sets allow for relatively accurate numerical evaluation of topograph ...
22.4 Plate Tectonics
... There are about a dozen major tectonic plates. Most major plates contain both continental and oceanic crust. The edges of plates meet at plate boundaries. As the plates move apart, collide, or slide past each other, they cause changes in Earth’s surface. ...
... There are about a dozen major tectonic plates. Most major plates contain both continental and oceanic crust. The edges of plates meet at plate boundaries. As the plates move apart, collide, or slide past each other, they cause changes in Earth’s surface. ...
Geology of Minnesota - A Guide for Teachers
... provide an up-to-date understanding of the geology of Minnesota to Eanh Science teachers and others who have some background in geology. It is not intended to stand alone, for there are already in print many good books about rocks and other geologic phenomena in the state. These include Minnesota's ...
... provide an up-to-date understanding of the geology of Minnesota to Eanh Science teachers and others who have some background in geology. It is not intended to stand alone, for there are already in print many good books about rocks and other geologic phenomena in the state. These include Minnesota's ...
Post-glacial rebound
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Post-glacial rebound (sometimes called continental rebound) is the rise of land masses that were depressed by the huge weight of ice sheets during the last glacial period, through a process known as isostatic depression. Post-glacial rebound and isostatic depression are different parts of a process known as either glacial isostasy, glacial isostatic adjustment, or glacioisostasy. Glacioisostasy is the solid Earth deformation associated with changes in ice mass distribution. The most obvious and direct affects of post-glacial rebound are readily apparent in northern Europe (especially Scotland, Estonia, Latvia, Fennoscandia, and northern Denmark), Siberia, Canada, the Great Lakes of Canada and the United States, the coastal region of the US state of Maine, parts of Patagonia, and Antarctica. However, through processes known as ocean siphoning and continental levering, the effects of post-glacial rebound on sea-level are felt globally far from the locations of current and former ice sheets.