Sea-Floor Spreading
... deep underwater canyons are deep-ocean trenches. Subduction is the process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deepocean trench and back into the mantle. ...
... deep underwater canyons are deep-ocean trenches. Subduction is the process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deepocean trench and back into the mantle. ...
Warm- Up
... outer core, continental crust, asthenosphere, oceanic crust, 7. What are the 3 types of convergent boundaries? 8. At which type of boundary is crust neither created nor destroyed? 9. If two oceanic plates collide, which plate will go under the other and what is the name for this process? 10. How muc ...
... outer core, continental crust, asthenosphere, oceanic crust, 7. What are the 3 types of convergent boundaries? 8. At which type of boundary is crust neither created nor destroyed? 9. If two oceanic plates collide, which plate will go under the other and what is the name for this process? 10. How muc ...
OBSERVATIONS RELATED TO PLATE TECTONICS It is useful to
... It is useful to assess the global data sets that are most relevant to plate tectonics. Below are a series of global maps that help to confirm various aspects of plate tectonic theory. Plate boundaries are classified as ridges, transform faults, or subduction zones based on basic observations of topo ...
... It is useful to assess the global data sets that are most relevant to plate tectonics. Below are a series of global maps that help to confirm various aspects of plate tectonic theory. Plate boundaries are classified as ridges, transform faults, or subduction zones based on basic observations of topo ...
Plate Tectonic Internet Activity
... Go to http://volcano.und.nodak.edu/vwdocs/vwlessons/plate_tectonics/part1.html (Notice that there is no www in the address). Answer the following questions. 1. What the three chemical layers of the earth? 2. What elements constitute the cores? 3. What is the difference between the inner and out core ...
... Go to http://volcano.und.nodak.edu/vwdocs/vwlessons/plate_tectonics/part1.html (Notice that there is no www in the address). Answer the following questions. 1. What the three chemical layers of the earth? 2. What elements constitute the cores? 3. What is the difference between the inner and out core ...
Test 3 Review
... River- and tide-dominated deltas have ___________________________________.. The Continental Margin: Includes the:_________________________________. Continental Shelves: _____% of Earth’s surface. Is the shallow, gently sloping area found as you first enter the ocean water. Economically critical zone ...
... River- and tide-dominated deltas have ___________________________________.. The Continental Margin: Includes the:_________________________________. Continental Shelves: _____% of Earth’s surface. Is the shallow, gently sloping area found as you first enter the ocean water. Economically critical zone ...
Plate Tectonics
... 3. Rock Clues- Similar rock types of same age found in mountains of England and Eastern U.S. 4. Glacial Clues- Evidence of glaciers exist in areas that are too warm for them now Wegener died in 1930, scientific community made a joke of his work. ...
... 3. Rock Clues- Similar rock types of same age found in mountains of England and Eastern U.S. 4. Glacial Clues- Evidence of glaciers exist in areas that are too warm for them now Wegener died in 1930, scientific community made a joke of his work. ...
Hydrothermal Vents
... Mid-Ocean Ridge system- the underwater mountain chain that snakes its way around the globe. How do hydrothermal vents form? In some areas along the Mid-Ocean Ridge, the gigantic plates that form the Earth's crust are moving apart, creating cracks and crevices in the ocean floor. Seawater seeps into ...
... Mid-Ocean Ridge system- the underwater mountain chain that snakes its way around the globe. How do hydrothermal vents form? In some areas along the Mid-Ocean Ridge, the gigantic plates that form the Earth's crust are moving apart, creating cracks and crevices in the ocean floor. Seawater seeps into ...
No Slide Title - Erdkinder.net
... As the seafloor spreads apart, magma moves upward and flows from the cracks. It becomes solid as it cools and forms new seafloor. As new seafloor moves away from the ridge, it cools, contracts, and becomes denser than the material below it. This dense, colder seafloor begins to sink, helping to for ...
... As the seafloor spreads apart, magma moves upward and flows from the cracks. It becomes solid as it cools and forms new seafloor. As new seafloor moves away from the ridge, it cools, contracts, and becomes denser than the material below it. This dense, colder seafloor begins to sink, helping to for ...
Geology Chapter 14
... Big Ideas Seventy-one percent of Earth's surface is covered by ocean water. There are four main ocean basins: the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic. The bathymetry of the ocean seafloor is very varied, a result of many different geological processes. Space and Time The margins of continents (inc ...
... Big Ideas Seventy-one percent of Earth's surface is covered by ocean water. There are four main ocean basins: the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic. The bathymetry of the ocean seafloor is very varied, a result of many different geological processes. Space and Time The margins of continents (inc ...
Chapter 10-2 - Seafloor Spreading
... Example of a drilling rig at sea. What did the scientists find? Well the research concluded that the age of the rocks become much older in samples found farther from the ridges. This is evidence for seafloor spreading. ...
... Example of a drilling rig at sea. What did the scientists find? Well the research concluded that the age of the rocks become much older in samples found farther from the ridges. This is evidence for seafloor spreading. ...
Plate Tectonics - Down To Earth Science
... evidence. The oldest part of the sea floor is only 160 to 180 million years old, while the continental crust is much older (up to 4 billion years old). This confirmed that the ocean floor is constantly forming and moving away from the mid-ocean ridges like a conveyor belt. ...
... evidence. The oldest part of the sea floor is only 160 to 180 million years old, while the continental crust is much older (up to 4 billion years old). This confirmed that the ocean floor is constantly forming and moving away from the mid-ocean ridges like a conveyor belt. ...
Modern Ocean Research
... continent collaborate to broaden their understanding of the oceans. Some scientists work at sea; some use robotic exploration vehicles. Others work in laboratories on land, using sophisticated computers and tools. Research vessels are ships that have laboratories and scientific instruments onboard. ...
... continent collaborate to broaden their understanding of the oceans. Some scientists work at sea; some use robotic exploration vehicles. Others work in laboratories on land, using sophisticated computers and tools. Research vessels are ships that have laboratories and scientific instruments onboard. ...
Unequal distribution of heat within the Earth cause the movements
... 7. The layers from the Earth’s center to the surface are: a. Liquid core, Solid core, Mantle, Lithosphere b. Inner core, Outer core, Mantle, Crust c. Inner core, Outer core, Middle mantle, Upper mantle, Crust d. Outer core, Lower Mantle, Lithosphere, Crust ...
... 7. The layers from the Earth’s center to the surface are: a. Liquid core, Solid core, Mantle, Lithosphere b. Inner core, Outer core, Mantle, Crust c. Inner core, Outer core, Middle mantle, Upper mantle, Crust d. Outer core, Lower Mantle, Lithosphere, Crust ...
Plate Tectonics - Ms. Gravette and the Mad Scientists
... What discoveries support continental drift? In mid 1900s, scientists found under-water mountain ranges called mid-ocean ridges. This discovery led to the Theory of Plate Tectonics ...
... What discoveries support continental drift? In mid 1900s, scientists found under-water mountain ranges called mid-ocean ridges. This discovery led to the Theory of Plate Tectonics ...
Continental_Drift_and_Plate_Boundaries_
... plates which float on semi-molten rock • Convection currents in the mantle push the plates around on the surface of the Earth • Because of plate movements the surface of the Earth is constantly changing •Plate boundaries are where Earthquakes, volcanoes and mountain ranges occur • Crust is made at m ...
... plates which float on semi-molten rock • Convection currents in the mantle push the plates around on the surface of the Earth • Because of plate movements the surface of the Earth is constantly changing •Plate boundaries are where Earthquakes, volcanoes and mountain ranges occur • Crust is made at m ...
Lecture 6 Review Sheet
... Review Questions: The boundary between crust and mantle is defined by a change in rock type, how do we recognize the boundary between the lithospheric and asthenospheric mantle? Provide the name of a plate that carries only oceanic crust What are the 6 different types of plate boundaries? Provide an ...
... Review Questions: The boundary between crust and mantle is defined by a change in rock type, how do we recognize the boundary between the lithospheric and asthenospheric mantle? Provide the name of a plate that carries only oceanic crust What are the 6 different types of plate boundaries? Provide an ...
The solid, outer layer of Earth that consists of the crust and the rigid
... tectonic plate sinking beneath another into the mantle at a convergent plate boundary ...
... tectonic plate sinking beneath another into the mantle at a convergent plate boundary ...
Document
... Intense Pressure allows materials at higher temperatures to exist as a solid. 44. Draw a picture of a convection current and label what is happening to the molecules as they rise and fall. As the mantle is heated by the core, the molecules move apart and it becomes less dense. Less dense mantle rise ...
... Intense Pressure allows materials at higher temperatures to exist as a solid. 44. Draw a picture of a convection current and label what is happening to the molecules as they rise and fall. As the mantle is heated by the core, the molecules move apart and it becomes less dense. Less dense mantle rise ...
Name____________________________
... Seafloor Spreading: Process that forms new seafloor. Subduction: Place where crust is forced below other crust. Mid-Ocean Ridge: An ocean floor feature resembling a mountain ridge on land. Trench: Deep canyon on the ocean floor formed by subduction. Hot Spot: A volcanic area that forms as a tectonic ...
... Seafloor Spreading: Process that forms new seafloor. Subduction: Place where crust is forced below other crust. Mid-Ocean Ridge: An ocean floor feature resembling a mountain ridge on land. Trench: Deep canyon on the ocean floor formed by subduction. Hot Spot: A volcanic area that forms as a tectonic ...
2.4 Plate Tectonics - Northside Middle School
... By looking at seismic activity around the world, scientists can identify the plate boundaries because of the volatility of these areas. ...
... By looking at seismic activity around the world, scientists can identify the plate boundaries because of the volatility of these areas. ...
How Do Earthquakes Tell Us About the Earth`s Interior?
... – Due to refraction – No S-waves beyond 105° ...
... – Due to refraction – No S-waves beyond 105° ...
Seafloor Spreading Notes Harry Hess He was a geology Professor
... Magma/Lava oozed up from the Earth’s mantle along the mid ocean ridges into the ocean. This created new Seafloor which then spread away from the ridge in both directions. As spreading continued, the older ocean floor cooled and sank Why Isn’t Earth Growing ? While Hess believed that as the O ...
... Magma/Lava oozed up from the Earth’s mantle along the mid ocean ridges into the ocean. This created new Seafloor which then spread away from the ridge in both directions. As spreading continued, the older ocean floor cooled and sank Why Isn’t Earth Growing ? While Hess believed that as the O ...
Ocean Landforms
... •They are more than 84,000 kilometers (52,000 miles) in length and they extend through the North and South of the Atlantic ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the South Pacific ocean. •According to the plate tectonics theory, volcanic rock is added to the sea floor as the mid-ocean ridge spreads apart. ...
... •They are more than 84,000 kilometers (52,000 miles) in length and they extend through the North and South of the Atlantic ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the South Pacific ocean. •According to the plate tectonics theory, volcanic rock is added to the sea floor as the mid-ocean ridge spreads apart. ...
Abyssal plain
An abyssal plain is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between 3000 and 6000 m. Lying generally between the foot of a continental rise and a mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plains cover more than 50% of the Earth’s surface. They are among the flattest, smoothest and least explored regions on Earth. Abyssal plains are key geologic elements of oceanic basins (the other elements being an elevated mid-ocean ridge and flanking abyssal hills). In addition to these elements, active oceanic basins (those that are associated with a moving plate tectonic boundary) also typically include an oceanic trench and a subduction zone.Abyssal plains were not recognized as distinct physiographic features of the sea floor until the late 1940s and, until very recently, none had been studied on a systematic basis. They are poorly preserved in the sedimentary record, because they tend to be consumed by the subduction process. The creation of the abyssal plain is the end result of spreading of the seafloor (plate tectonics) and melting of the lower oceanic crust. Magma rises from above the asthenosphere (a layer of the upper mantle) and as this basaltic material reaches the surface at mid-ocean ridges it forms new oceanic crust. This is constantly pulled sideways by spreading of the seafloor. Abyssal plains result from the blanketing of an originally uneven surface of oceanic crust by fine-grained sediments, mainly clay and silt. Much of this sediment is deposited by turbidity currents that have been channelled from the continental margins along submarine canyons down into deeper water. The remainder of the sediment is composed chiefly of pelagic sediments. Metallic nodules are common in some areas of the plains, with varying concentrations of metals, including manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt, and copper. These nodules may provide a significant resource for future mining ventures.Owing in part to their vast size, abyssal plains are currently believed to be a major reservoir of biodiversity. The abyss also exerts significant influence upon ocean carbon cycling, dissolution of calcium carbonate, and atmospheric CO2 concentrations over timescales of 100–1000 years. The structure and function of abyssal ecosystems are strongly influenced by the rate of flux of food to the seafloor and the composition of the material that settles. Factors such as climate change, fishing practices, and ocean fertilization are expected to have a substantial effect on patterns of primary production in the euphotic zone. This will undoubtedly impact the flux of organic material to the abyss in a similar manner and thus have a profound effect on the structure, function and diversity of abyssal ecosystems.