Role of Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress - Diabetes
... endoneurial microangiopathy, early structural abnormalities in Schwann cells in myelinated fibers, and degeneration and loss of unmyelinated and myelinated fibers; however, in intact axons, mitochondria appeared structurally normal (1,13). In addition, studies performed on postmortem samples from ty ...
... endoneurial microangiopathy, early structural abnormalities in Schwann cells in myelinated fibers, and degeneration and loss of unmyelinated and myelinated fibers; however, in intact axons, mitochondria appeared structurally normal (1,13). In addition, studies performed on postmortem samples from ty ...
Local Gene Expression in Axons and Nerve Endings: The Glia
... evidence for such dependence was so compelling that for a long time it obscured the other horn of the dilemma, that is, the limited capacity of the neuron soma to satisfy the trophic needs of the increasing axonal mass (315). As a result, the cell body was assigned the role of the only trophic cente ...
... evidence for such dependence was so compelling that for a long time it obscured the other horn of the dilemma, that is, the limited capacity of the neuron soma to satisfy the trophic needs of the increasing axonal mass (315). As a result, the cell body was assigned the role of the only trophic cente ...
PDF
... was based on a non-linear system of difference equations with a random component. This model included only four parameters and was fitted to a wide variety of experimental measurements to reproduce successfully the patterns of axon growth of a number of different neuron types. Our model is based on e ...
... was based on a non-linear system of difference equations with a random component. This model included only four parameters and was fitted to a wide variety of experimental measurements to reproduce successfully the patterns of axon growth of a number of different neuron types. Our model is based on e ...
Mathematical models of ion transport through cell membrane channels
... ) — the gradient operator. One adds to the obtained electric field, an exterior field connected with the membrane potential. In a very narrow selective channel, in an axon of a nerve cell for example, there can be only few ions of the same type. In such membranes, ions of different types are separat ...
... ) — the gradient operator. One adds to the obtained electric field, an exterior field connected with the membrane potential. In a very narrow selective channel, in an axon of a nerve cell for example, there can be only few ions of the same type. In such membranes, ions of different types are separat ...
The Neuronal Membrane at Rest
... protein molecules. Typically, a functional channel across the membrane requires that 4–6 similar protein molecules assemble to form a pore between them (Figure 3.7). The subunit composition varies from one type of channel to the next, and this is what specifies their different properties. One import ...
... protein molecules. Typically, a functional channel across the membrane requires that 4–6 similar protein molecules assemble to form a pore between them (Figure 3.7). The subunit composition varies from one type of channel to the next, and this is what specifies their different properties. One import ...
Bioelectric Phenomena
... and thread jumped to the amber from a distance and were held to it. The production of static electricity at that time became associated with an aura. More than two thousand years elapsed before the English physician William Gilbert picked up where Thales left off. Gilbert showed that not only amber ...
... and thread jumped to the amber from a distance and were held to it. The production of static electricity at that time became associated with an aura. More than two thousand years elapsed before the English physician William Gilbert picked up where Thales left off. Gilbert showed that not only amber ...
Prevalent Presence of Periodic Actin-spectrin-based
... the formation of MPS using a previously developed neuron-glia co-culture system (31). Myelin sheaths were identified using an antibody against myelin basic protein (MBP). As shown by STORM images and autocorrelation analysis, βII spectrin was periodically distributed in both MBP positive and MBP neg ...
... the formation of MPS using a previously developed neuron-glia co-culture system (31). Myelin sheaths were identified using an antibody against myelin basic protein (MBP). As shown by STORM images and autocorrelation analysis, βII spectrin was periodically distributed in both MBP positive and MBP neg ...
I. Neurons are the anatomical elements of neural systems
... 2. Frontal nerve: Has two dependent branches-the supratrochlear and supraorbital nerves both of which go to the skin of the brow and forehead 3. Lacrimal nerve-has only a single branch which is the route used by parasympathetic fibers going to the lacrimal gland via the lacrimal nerve ii. Maxillary ...
... 2. Frontal nerve: Has two dependent branches-the supratrochlear and supraorbital nerves both of which go to the skin of the brow and forehead 3. Lacrimal nerve-has only a single branch which is the route used by parasympathetic fibers going to the lacrimal gland via the lacrimal nerve ii. Maxillary ...
PDF only - at www.arxiv.org.
... the chemical cues and those resulting from the topographical ones. More specifically, the substrates used, i.e. plasma clots, fish scales, and various grooved surfaces, were anisotropic not only in shape but also in chemistry [12]. Accordingly, there was a need to carefully study the effect of topog ...
... the chemical cues and those resulting from the topographical ones. More specifically, the substrates used, i.e. plasma clots, fish scales, and various grooved surfaces, were anisotropic not only in shape but also in chemistry [12]. Accordingly, there was a need to carefully study the effect of topog ...
Transmitter Release
... lead to the releaseof transmitter? The importance of depolarization of the presynaptic membrane was demonstrated by Bernard Katz and Ricardo Miledi using the giant synapseof the squid. This synapseis large enough to permit the insertion of two electrodes into the presynaptic terminal (one for stimul ...
... lead to the releaseof transmitter? The importance of depolarization of the presynaptic membrane was demonstrated by Bernard Katz and Ricardo Miledi using the giant synapseof the squid. This synapseis large enough to permit the insertion of two electrodes into the presynaptic terminal (one for stimul ...
Neuron/Glia Relationships Observed Over Intervals
... microscope; in mice, the salivary duct ganglia are relatively small collections of parasympathetic neurons (up to several hundred) covered by a thin, transparent capsule. As in some other parasympathetic ganglia in small mammals, these neurons do not have dendrites (Snider, 1987). Once the ducts and ...
... microscope; in mice, the salivary duct ganglia are relatively small collections of parasympathetic neurons (up to several hundred) covered by a thin, transparent capsule. As in some other parasympathetic ganglia in small mammals, these neurons do not have dendrites (Snider, 1987). Once the ducts and ...
the pdf - University of British Columbia
... Spinal cord injuries account for an increasingly large proportion of extended medical care in Canada each year (Statistics Canada, 1990). Currently, victims of spinal cord injuries have little hope for complete functional recovery, due to the innate lack of regenerative ability within the central ne ...
... Spinal cord injuries account for an increasingly large proportion of extended medical care in Canada each year (Statistics Canada, 1990). Currently, victims of spinal cord injuries have little hope for complete functional recovery, due to the innate lack of regenerative ability within the central ne ...
Novel Insights into the Pathomechanisms of Skeletal Muscle
... concentrations (around 1mM). The critical concentration at which fibres return to the normal resting potential as external potassium is increased again is higher than the concentration at which they entered the depolarized state on reducing external potassium (a phenomenon known as hysteresis in ...
... concentrations (around 1mM). The critical concentration at which fibres return to the normal resting potential as external potassium is increased again is higher than the concentration at which they entered the depolarized state on reducing external potassium (a phenomenon known as hysteresis in ...
PDF
... labeled afferent fibers. Injections placed into the intraganglionic spiral bundle at the peripheral edge of the spiral ganglion also labeled efferent fibers (Brown et al., '88). Animals were injected unilaterally, except for one gerbil in which injections were bilateral. The injections in both mice ...
... labeled afferent fibers. Injections placed into the intraganglionic spiral bundle at the peripheral edge of the spiral ganglion also labeled efferent fibers (Brown et al., '88). Animals were injected unilaterally, except for one gerbil in which injections were bilateral. The injections in both mice ...
Cranial Nerve I
... Whitish, fatty (protein-lipoid), segmented sheath around most long axons It functions to: Protect the axon Electrically insulate fibers from one another Increase the speed of nerve impulse transmission ...
... Whitish, fatty (protein-lipoid), segmented sheath around most long axons It functions to: Protect the axon Electrically insulate fibers from one another Increase the speed of nerve impulse transmission ...
Down - 서울대 : Biointelligence lab
... Self organizing network to reflect dimensionality of the feature space Before learning, all nodes have equal weights with high dimensionality After training, weights in the physical space of the nodes look random After reordering the nodes so that strongly connected nodes are adjacent to each ...
... Self organizing network to reflect dimensionality of the feature space Before learning, all nodes have equal weights with high dimensionality After training, weights in the physical space of the nodes look random After reordering the nodes so that strongly connected nodes are adjacent to each ...
The Nervous System in Lumbriculus variegatus
... Electrical synapses interconnect these axons, thus allowing uninterrupted impulse conduction along the entire fiber. The giant nerve fibers in Lumbriculus are tightly wrapped by glial cell membranes, except at points where small branches emerge ventrally from the fibers (see anterior left LGF in Fi ...
... Electrical synapses interconnect these axons, thus allowing uninterrupted impulse conduction along the entire fiber. The giant nerve fibers in Lumbriculus are tightly wrapped by glial cell membranes, except at points where small branches emerge ventrally from the fibers (see anterior left LGF in Fi ...
ANATOMY OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
... Electrical synapses interconnect these axons, thus allowing uninterrupted impulse ...
... Electrical synapses interconnect these axons, thus allowing uninterrupted impulse ...
The projection of the lateral geniculate nucleus to area 17 of the rat
... The essentially smooth contours of these dendrites receiving degenerating geniculocortical afferents on their shafts becomes more apparent when their forms are reconstructed from serial thin sections, as shown in Figs. 3-7. At this point it will help to give an indication of how to interpret the fiv ...
... The essentially smooth contours of these dendrites receiving degenerating geniculocortical afferents on their shafts becomes more apparent when their forms are reconstructed from serial thin sections, as shown in Figs. 3-7. At this point it will help to give an indication of how to interpret the fiv ...
Thalamocortidal Axons Extend Along a Chondroitin Sulfate
... is usually evident in sections at a given embryonic age, depending on the location within the telencephalic wall. Ventricular zone and preplate stages Prior to preplate formation (ElO), intracortical or ventricular placements of DiI demonstrate the radially oriented neuroepithelial cells that span t ...
... is usually evident in sections at a given embryonic age, depending on the location within the telencephalic wall. Ventricular zone and preplate stages Prior to preplate formation (ElO), intracortical or ventricular placements of DiI demonstrate the radially oriented neuroepithelial cells that span t ...
Volume 94, issue 2 July 2011 ...
... the distance between nodes of Ranvier was measured as an assay. In myelinated axons in the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells are wrapped tightly around axons. Stretching of the underlying axon causes lengthening of the Schwann cells and the internodal distance. Using orthopedic leg-lengthenin ...
... the distance between nodes of Ranvier was measured as an assay. In myelinated axons in the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells are wrapped tightly around axons. Stretching of the underlying axon causes lengthening of the Schwann cells and the internodal distance. Using orthopedic leg-lengthenin ...
role of potassium in human and animal nutrition 2
... Oxidises rapidly in air and reacts violently with water ...
... Oxidises rapidly in air and reacts violently with water ...
(GABA) UPTAKE IN LOBSTER NERVE
... Whether these were on extracellular fibers (collagen) or on thin sheets of cytoplasm could not be determined at these magnifications . Round, granulated cells found in the extracellular spaces also accumulated label . Bundles of axons were frequently seen in the connective tissue stroma of the muscl ...
... Whether these were on extracellular fibers (collagen) or on thin sheets of cytoplasm could not be determined at these magnifications . Round, granulated cells found in the extracellular spaces also accumulated label . Bundles of axons were frequently seen in the connective tissue stroma of the muscl ...
Vesicle turnover in developing neurons: how to build a - LIRA-Lab
... There are three classes of retrograde signals [53]: membranepermeable soluble molecules, such as nitric oxide (NO); membraneimpermeable soluble molecules, such as neurotrophins; and direct signaling mediated by physical interaction of membrane-bound proteins and/or transmembrane proteins. These sign ...
... There are three classes of retrograde signals [53]: membranepermeable soluble molecules, such as nitric oxide (NO); membraneimpermeable soluble molecules, such as neurotrophins; and direct signaling mediated by physical interaction of membrane-bound proteins and/or transmembrane proteins. These sign ...
Wnts and PKA control Nodal expression
... results were obtained after ectopic expression of RCAS-βcateninACT on the right side (data not shown). Moreover, antagonism of β-catenin in the left side of the embryo by overexpression of Axin (schematized in Fig. 2N) resulted in strong repression of both Nodal (in 8/20 embryos) and Pitx2 (in 7/20 ...
... results were obtained after ectopic expression of RCAS-βcateninACT on the right side (data not shown). Moreover, antagonism of β-catenin in the left side of the embryo by overexpression of Axin (schematized in Fig. 2N) resulted in strong repression of both Nodal (in 8/20 embryos) and Pitx2 (in 7/20 ...
Node of Ranvier
The nodes of Ranvier also known as myelin sheath gaps, are the gaps (approximately 1 micrometer in length) formed between the myelin sheaths generated by different cells. A myelin sheath is a many-layered coating, largely composed of a fatty substance called myelin, that wraps around the axon of a neuron and very efficiently insulates it. At nodes of Ranvier, the axonal membrane is uninsulated and, therefore, capable of generating electrical activity.