Minimal domain of bacterial phytochrome required for chromophore binding and fluorescence
... Cys19Ser and Ile252Cys, of RpBphP1. Interestingly, the absorbance and fluorescence emission maxima of PASGAF-FP variant were similar to those found in blue-shifted two-domain (PAS-GAF) iRFPs8. The Cys19Ser substitution suggested that this FP variant was no longer able to covalently bind BV in the PA ...
... Cys19Ser and Ile252Cys, of RpBphP1. Interestingly, the absorbance and fluorescence emission maxima of PASGAF-FP variant were similar to those found in blue-shifted two-domain (PAS-GAF) iRFPs8. The Cys19Ser substitution suggested that this FP variant was no longer able to covalently bind BV in the PA ...
Protein Synthesis
... anticodon on its attached tRNA molecule and the next codon on the mRNA chain. Because only one of the many types of tRNA molecules in a cell can base-pair with each codon, the codon determines the specific amino acid to be added to the growing polypeptide chain. The three-step cycle shown is repeate ...
... anticodon on its attached tRNA molecule and the next codon on the mRNA chain. Because only one of the many types of tRNA molecules in a cell can base-pair with each codon, the codon determines the specific amino acid to be added to the growing polypeptide chain. The three-step cycle shown is repeate ...
Function of Conserved Tryptophans in the Aspergillus niger
... residues of G1 are important for fully functional starch binding. Large deletions of SBD residues result in alteration of the folding and stability properties of the protein and eliminate ligand binding. Recently, the solution structure of the G1 SBD has been solved by nuclear magnetic resonance (NM ...
... residues of G1 are important for fully functional starch binding. Large deletions of SBD residues result in alteration of the folding and stability properties of the protein and eliminate ligand binding. Recently, the solution structure of the G1 SBD has been solved by nuclear magnetic resonance (NM ...
Protein Posttranslational Modifications: The Chemistry of Proteome
... The diversity of distinct covalent forms of proteins (the proteome) greatly exceeds the number of proteins predicted by DNA coding capacities owing to directed posttranslational modifications. Enzymes dedicated to such protein modifications include 500 human protein kinases, 150 protein phosphatases ...
... The diversity of distinct covalent forms of proteins (the proteome) greatly exceeds the number of proteins predicted by DNA coding capacities owing to directed posttranslational modifications. Enzymes dedicated to such protein modifications include 500 human protein kinases, 150 protein phosphatases ...
Membrane Transport - Bioenergetics and Cell Metabolism
... ATP dependent ion pumps are grouped into classes, based on transport mechanisms as well as genetic and structural homology. Examples include P-class pumps F-class pumps V-class pumps ...
... ATP dependent ion pumps are grouped into classes, based on transport mechanisms as well as genetic and structural homology. Examples include P-class pumps F-class pumps V-class pumps ...
Assembly and function of cell surface structures of the
... The first eight N-terminal residues of the A. ambivalens 110 kDa protein were SNQGVISAV (suppl. Figure SF1). A comparison with the partially available genome sequence of A. ambivalens matched with the deduced amino acid sequence of a short fragment. After extension of the nucleotide sequence by inve ...
... The first eight N-terminal residues of the A. ambivalens 110 kDa protein were SNQGVISAV (suppl. Figure SF1). A comparison with the partially available genome sequence of A. ambivalens matched with the deduced amino acid sequence of a short fragment. After extension of the nucleotide sequence by inve ...
Lipid–protein interactions probed by electron crystallography
... deep hydrophobic crevice is formed in between two bR monomers on the cytoplasmic side of the protein. A single PM lipid (three in total for the trimer) inserts one of its two acyl chains into this crevice to mediate interfacial ahelical packing of the protein (Figure 1C). A phosphoryl head group fro ...
... deep hydrophobic crevice is formed in between two bR monomers on the cytoplasmic side of the protein. A single PM lipid (three in total for the trimer) inserts one of its two acyl chains into this crevice to mediate interfacial ahelical packing of the protein (Figure 1C). A phosphoryl head group fro ...
Molecular Docking
... The mutual adaptation of a ligand with its receptor is crucial to understanding ligand binding and protein function One of the major challenges in molecular docking is how to account for this adaptation in docking calculations The docking problem can be classified according to the way flexibilit ...
... The mutual adaptation of a ligand with its receptor is crucial to understanding ligand binding and protein function One of the major challenges in molecular docking is how to account for this adaptation in docking calculations The docking problem can be classified according to the way flexibilit ...
Thermostability of the human respiratory syncytial virus fusion
... for membrane fusion resides in the F protein. We reported previously that purified HRSV F protein formed rosettes of rods with two different shapes, cones and lollipops (Calder et al., 2000). The rosettes were formed by aggregation of individual rods through their transmembrane regions. A membrane-a ...
... for membrane fusion resides in the F protein. We reported previously that purified HRSV F protein formed rosettes of rods with two different shapes, cones and lollipops (Calder et al., 2000). The rosettes were formed by aggregation of individual rods through their transmembrane regions. A membrane-a ...
Effective Scoring Function for Protein Sequence Design
... procedure, only one residue is changed at a time, whereas conformations for all other residues were kept in their native conformation. We repeated the optimization procedure four times, and the values of the objective function to be minimized fell in a narrow range (7560.3–7562.2). For the four inde ...
... procedure, only one residue is changed at a time, whereas conformations for all other residues were kept in their native conformation. We repeated the optimization procedure four times, and the values of the objective function to be minimized fell in a narrow range (7560.3–7562.2). For the four inde ...
nutrient composition of dandelions and its potential as human food
... remaining in the filter cake. Pressing was tried with one, two and three layers of filter. The results indicated that one layer of filter was not strong enough and three layers backed up the juice causing flow by pass through the o-rings. It was also noticed that a pressure of 3000 psi (20684.27 kPa ...
... remaining in the filter cake. Pressing was tried with one, two and three layers of filter. The results indicated that one layer of filter was not strong enough and three layers backed up the juice causing flow by pass through the o-rings. It was also noticed that a pressure of 3000 psi (20684.27 kPa ...
Pupko_pairwise
... Similarity between sequences as a result of common ancestry. VLSPAVKWAKVGAHAAGHG ...
... Similarity between sequences as a result of common ancestry. VLSPAVKWAKVGAHAAGHG ...
Identification of Both Shared and Distinct Proteins in the Major and
... have been identified. Here, the human U11/U12 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP), a subunit of the minor (U12-dependent) spliceosome, was isolated. Twenty U11/U12 proteins were identified, including subsets unique to the minor spliceosome or common to both spliceosomes. Common proteins include ...
... have been identified. Here, the human U11/U12 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP), a subunit of the minor (U12-dependent) spliceosome, was isolated. Twenty U11/U12 proteins were identified, including subsets unique to the minor spliceosome or common to both spliceosomes. Common proteins include ...
Steroid signaling in plants and insects—common themes, different
... through the regulation of at least some of the BR biosynthetic genes. At least one regulatory gene involved in this feedback control, BZR1, has been identified, and is discussed in greater detail below (Wang et al. 2002). Metabolic inactivation through modification is another important mechanism in ...
... through the regulation of at least some of the BR biosynthetic genes. At least one regulatory gene involved in this feedback control, BZR1, has been identified, and is discussed in greater detail below (Wang et al. 2002). Metabolic inactivation through modification is another important mechanism in ...
Chapter 10
... tRNA. This affects both purines and pyrimidines, and can range from simple additions such as methylation or extensive restructing of the sugar skeleton itself, as in the conversion of guanosine to wyosine (W). Over 50 different modifications have been catalogued to date. These modifications can be n ...
... tRNA. This affects both purines and pyrimidines, and can range from simple additions such as methylation or extensive restructing of the sugar skeleton itself, as in the conversion of guanosine to wyosine (W). Over 50 different modifications have been catalogued to date. These modifications can be n ...
Growth Control: A Saga of Cell Walls, ROS, and Peptide
... a common pathway. Finally, based on the gene expression patterns, other family members may have potential roles in responses to abiotic or biotic stresses (Lindner et al., 2012a). ...
... a common pathway. Finally, based on the gene expression patterns, other family members may have potential roles in responses to abiotic or biotic stresses (Lindner et al., 2012a). ...
AminoMax Updates.
... in digestible RUP. However, the indigestible material, which will be lost in manure, also increased. Thus, it is not really meaningful to compare ingredients based on RUP. It is important to be aware of the indigestible fraction as well. Most forage analysis laboratories are now providing results fo ...
... in digestible RUP. However, the indigestible material, which will be lost in manure, also increased. Thus, it is not really meaningful to compare ingredients based on RUP. It is important to be aware of the indigestible fraction as well. Most forage analysis laboratories are now providing results fo ...
mic.sgmjournals.org
... Methods for spot cutting and protein digestion with trypsin were reported previously (Pieper et al., 2008). Peptide digests were analysed using a MALDI-TOFTOF mass spectrometer (4700 Proteomics Analyser, Applied Biosystems) and a nano-electrospray LC-MS/MS system (LTQ ion trap mass spectrometer, The ...
... Methods for spot cutting and protein digestion with trypsin were reported previously (Pieper et al., 2008). Peptide digests were analysed using a MALDI-TOFTOF mass spectrometer (4700 Proteomics Analyser, Applied Biosystems) and a nano-electrospray LC-MS/MS system (LTQ ion trap mass spectrometer, The ...
Lesson 2 - The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences
... sequences (contamination). This gets worse and worse each iteration ...
... sequences (contamination). This gets worse and worse each iteration ...
Use of the non-radioactive SUnSET method to detect decreased
... amino acid shortage induced by the proteasome inhibitor MG132 rapidly decreases de novo protein synthesis. In mouse cells treated with MG132, protein synthesis decreased by 90 % after 6 h [8]. A nearly similar result, i.e. 80 % decrease in protein synthesis, was observed in yeast with impaired prote ...
... amino acid shortage induced by the proteasome inhibitor MG132 rapidly decreases de novo protein synthesis. In mouse cells treated with MG132, protein synthesis decreased by 90 % after 6 h [8]. A nearly similar result, i.e. 80 % decrease in protein synthesis, was observed in yeast with impaired prote ...
Bioinformatics: Network Analysis Comparative Network Analysis Luay Nakhleh, Rice University
... Given a subset U of the vertices, we wish to compute the likelihood of U under a proteincomplex model and under a null model ...
... Given a subset U of the vertices, we wish to compute the likelihood of U under a proteincomplex model and under a null model ...
144803525 - BORA
... biosynthesis of catecholamines. The posttranslational modification of its regulatory domain controls the regulation of TH enzyme activity. Different kinases are responsible for the phosphorylation of the enzyme at Thr8, Ser19, Ser31 and Ser40 N terminal residues. It is well established that phosphor ...
... biosynthesis of catecholamines. The posttranslational modification of its regulatory domain controls the regulation of TH enzyme activity. Different kinases are responsible for the phosphorylation of the enzyme at Thr8, Ser19, Ser31 and Ser40 N terminal residues. It is well established that phosphor ...
Gene7-06
... 1. Ribosomes are ribonucleoprotein particles in which a majority of the mass is provided by rRNA. 2. Each subunit contains a single major rRNA, 16S and 23S in prokaryotes, 18S and 28S in eukaryotic cytosol. 3. Each subunit has several active centers, concentrated in the translational domain of the r ...
... 1. Ribosomes are ribonucleoprotein particles in which a majority of the mass is provided by rRNA. 2. Each subunit contains a single major rRNA, 16S and 23S in prokaryotes, 18S and 28S in eukaryotic cytosol. 3. Each subunit has several active centers, concentrated in the translational domain of the r ...
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... found intracellularly, usually in the nucleus. Many of these claims were based on data obtained with immunofluorescence or cell fractionation, approaches that can easily give misleading results, as discussed below. However, a number of studies where more sophisticated techniques were employed have p ...
... found intracellularly, usually in the nucleus. Many of these claims were based on data obtained with immunofluorescence or cell fractionation, approaches that can easily give misleading results, as discussed below. However, a number of studies where more sophisticated techniques were employed have p ...
TREM2/DAP12 Complex Regulates Inflammatory Responses in
... distribution of DAP12 suggests a general function in immune responses. DAP12 consists of a minimal extracellular domain, a transmembrane segment and a cytoplasmic region containing a single immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM). An aspartic acid in the transmembrane domain of DAP12 a ...
... distribution of DAP12 suggests a general function in immune responses. DAP12 consists of a minimal extracellular domain, a transmembrane segment and a cytoplasmic region containing a single immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM). An aspartic acid in the transmembrane domain of DAP12 a ...
G protein–coupled receptor
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptor, and G protein–linked receptors (GPLR), constitute a large protein family of receptors that sense molecules outside the cell and activate inside signal transduction pathways and, ultimately, cellular responses. Coupling with G proteins, they are called seven-transmembrane receptors because they pass through the cell membrane seven times.G protein–coupled receptors are found only in eukaryotes, including yeast, choanoflagellates, and animals. The ligands that bind and activate these receptors include light-sensitive compounds, odors, pheromones, hormones, and neurotransmitters, and vary in size from small molecules to peptides to large proteins. G protein–coupled receptors are involved in many diseases, and are also the target of approximately 40% of all modern medicinal drugs. Two of the United States's top five selling drugs (Hydrocodone and Lisinopril) act by targeting a G protein–coupled receptor. The 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Brian Kobilka and Robert Lefkowitz for their work that was ""crucial for understanding how G protein–coupled receptors function."". There have been at least seven other Nobel Prizes awarded for some aspect of G protein–mediated signaling.There are two principal signal transduction pathways involving the G protein–coupled receptors: the cAMP signal pathway and the phosphatidylinositol signal pathway. When a ligand binds to the GPCR it causes a conformational change in the GPCR, which allows it to act as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). The GPCR can then activate an associated G protein by exchanging its bound GDP for a GTP. The G protein's α subunit, together with the bound GTP, can then dissociate from the β and γ subunits to further affect intracellular signaling proteins or target functional proteins directly depending on the α subunit type (Gαs, Gαi/o, Gαq/11, Gα12/13).