Cloning, Purification, and Partial Characterization of the
... When analyzed on SDS-PAGE, both proteins migrate more slowly than predicted from their calculated molecular mass. The protein with intein migrates as a 123 kDa instead of 90 kDa molecule and the recombinant protein without intein migrates as 98 kDa instead of 71 kDa molecule. To confirm that the pur ...
... When analyzed on SDS-PAGE, both proteins migrate more slowly than predicted from their calculated molecular mass. The protein with intein migrates as a 123 kDa instead of 90 kDa molecule and the recombinant protein without intein migrates as 98 kDa instead of 71 kDa molecule. To confirm that the pur ...
Arabidopsis Genes Encoding Components of the
... above were derived from work done with pea chloroplasts, expressed sequence tags (ESTs) for homologs of the various import components can be identified in the databases for a variety of monocots and dicots, including maize, tomato, and Arabidopsis. More importantly, the recent completion of the Arab ...
... above were derived from work done with pea chloroplasts, expressed sequence tags (ESTs) for homologs of the various import components can be identified in the databases for a variety of monocots and dicots, including maize, tomato, and Arabidopsis. More importantly, the recent completion of the Arab ...
Sequences beyond the Cleavage Site Influence Signal Peptide
... central role played by signal sequences in translocation, pre- beyond the signal cleavage site in preprolactin influence the sequence signals have been studied in detail. At the amino interaction of these molecules with various components of the acid level these sequences arenot similar, sharing onl ...
... central role played by signal sequences in translocation, pre- beyond the signal cleavage site in preprolactin influence the sequence signals have been studied in detail. At the amino interaction of these molecules with various components of the acid level these sequences arenot similar, sharing onl ...
Bernard-Soulier syndrome
... *Neutrophil inclusions have different structure from those in May-Hegglin ...
... *Neutrophil inclusions have different structure from those in May-Hegglin ...
Branched-Chain Amino Acids in Exercise
... sclerosis complex (TSC1 and TSC2), Rheb, and AMP kinase (AMPK) (27–29) (Fig. 3). TSC1/TSC2 and Rheb are crucial regulators situated between protein kinase B (PKB) and mTOR. Rheb, a Ras-like GTPase, is a positive regulator of mTOR in vivo. The action of Rheb is opposed by the TSC1/TSC2 complex, which ...
... sclerosis complex (TSC1 and TSC2), Rheb, and AMP kinase (AMPK) (27–29) (Fig. 3). TSC1/TSC2 and Rheb are crucial regulators situated between protein kinase B (PKB) and mTOR. Rheb, a Ras-like GTPase, is a positive regulator of mTOR in vivo. The action of Rheb is opposed by the TSC1/TSC2 complex, which ...
Griffith_155
... mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5) at 1-2 mg protein/ml at -20° and are stable for at least 1 year, withstanding repeated freezing and thawing. Comments. The results of a typical purification of the enzymes from B. cereus and B. thuringiensis are summarized and compared in Table I. Figure 1 shows an SDS-polyacryl ...
... mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5) at 1-2 mg protein/ml at -20° and are stable for at least 1 year, withstanding repeated freezing and thawing. Comments. The results of a typical purification of the enzymes from B. cereus and B. thuringiensis are summarized and compared in Table I. Figure 1 shows an SDS-polyacryl ...
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
... and they contain larger amounts than most of the common cereal grains.8,12 The protein content of amaranth is about 16%.7 The nutritional quality of amaranth proteins is also very high in comparison to cereals and some legumes.13 Amaranth has high contents of lysine, arginine, tryptophan and sulphur ...
... and they contain larger amounts than most of the common cereal grains.8,12 The protein content of amaranth is about 16%.7 The nutritional quality of amaranth proteins is also very high in comparison to cereals and some legumes.13 Amaranth has high contents of lysine, arginine, tryptophan and sulphur ...
Norton J Nutr 2006
... mTOR are mediated through TSC2. AMPK directly phosphorylates TSC2, increasing formation of the TSC1/TSC2 complex and inhibiting Rheb. Because AMPK is activated by exercise and a decreased ATP/AMP ratio, AMPK activation and its effects on the mTOR pathway appear to be a primary mechanism reducing pro ...
... mTOR are mediated through TSC2. AMPK directly phosphorylates TSC2, increasing formation of the TSC1/TSC2 complex and inhibiting Rheb. Because AMPK is activated by exercise and a decreased ATP/AMP ratio, AMPK activation and its effects on the mTOR pathway appear to be a primary mechanism reducing pro ...
Teaching Active Transport At the Turn of the Twenty
... extremely important function in biology, as it provides substrates where metabolically needed, regulates osmotic phenomena, and makes possible transmembrane electrical signalling. The work of moving solutes against a concentration gradient requires energy which is often supplied by a coupled chemica ...
... extremely important function in biology, as it provides substrates where metabolically needed, regulates osmotic phenomena, and makes possible transmembrane electrical signalling. The work of moving solutes against a concentration gradient requires energy which is often supplied by a coupled chemica ...
12. Molecular Recognition: The Thermodynamics of
... In Chapter 11 we introduced the concept of the equilibrium constant, K, which governs the concentrations of reactants and products in a reaction that has reached equilibrium. In this chapter and the next one we focus on the analysis of equilibrium constants for a particularly important subset of mol ...
... In Chapter 11 we introduced the concept of the equilibrium constant, K, which governs the concentrations of reactants and products in a reaction that has reached equilibrium. In this chapter and the next one we focus on the analysis of equilibrium constants for a particularly important subset of mol ...
Different packing of external residues can explain differences in the
... Although Lys and Arg are chemically similar amino acid residues, it was shown that Lys has a much greater number of accessible rotamers in the folded state than Arg has. To demonstrate the stabilizing role of lysine residues, the authors replaced Arg with Lys (in silico) and analyzed the unfolding s ...
... Although Lys and Arg are chemically similar amino acid residues, it was shown that Lys has a much greater number of accessible rotamers in the folded state than Arg has. To demonstrate the stabilizing role of lysine residues, the authors replaced Arg with Lys (in silico) and analyzed the unfolding s ...
The RAGNYA fold: a novel fold with multiple topological variants
... (and the related EI barrel), b-grasp, S5-like fold, HhH (helix-hairpin-helix) and HTH (helix-turn-helix) [for further details see the SCOP database (1)]. These folds are not only found in proteins that passively interact with nucleic acids, but also form the catalytic domains of several key enzymes ...
... (and the related EI barrel), b-grasp, S5-like fold, HhH (helix-hairpin-helix) and HTH (helix-turn-helix) [for further details see the SCOP database (1)]. These folds are not only found in proteins that passively interact with nucleic acids, but also form the catalytic domains of several key enzymes ...
A metaproteomic assessment of winter and summer
... West Antarctica, was performed, revealing marked differences in the functional capacity of summer and winter communities of bacterioplankton. Proteins from Flavobacteria were more abundant in the summer metaproteome, whereas winter was characterized by proteins from ammonia-oxidizing Marine Group I ...
... West Antarctica, was performed, revealing marked differences in the functional capacity of summer and winter communities of bacterioplankton. Proteins from Flavobacteria were more abundant in the summer metaproteome, whereas winter was characterized by proteins from ammonia-oxidizing Marine Group I ...
Biological electron-transfer reactions
... and z is the frequency of collision between electrostatically neutral molecules in aqueous solution and is often estimated to be ≈1011 M1•s1. Several authors have subsequently reported alternative derivations of this relationship, and a particularly clear account has been provided by Newton [8]. T ...
... and z is the frequency of collision between electrostatically neutral molecules in aqueous solution and is often estimated to be ≈1011 M1•s1. Several authors have subsequently reported alternative derivations of this relationship, and a particularly clear account has been provided by Newton [8]. T ...
Proteomic sensitivity to dietary manipulations in rainbow trout
... excretion was increased as well as the activities of hepatic glutamate dehydrogenase and aspartate amino transferase (ASAT). No differences were found in free amino acid pools in either liver or muscle between diets. Protein extraction followed by high-resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis, cou ...
... excretion was increased as well as the activities of hepatic glutamate dehydrogenase and aspartate amino transferase (ASAT). No differences were found in free amino acid pools in either liver or muscle between diets. Protein extraction followed by high-resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis, cou ...
PDF
... that demands tight regulation of this signalling pathway during embryogenesis and adult tissue homeostasis (Lutz and Knaus, 2002; Shi and Massague, 2003). TGF-β family members bind to heteromeric complexes consisting of type I and type II transmembrane serine/threonine kinase receptors. Upon ligand ...
... that demands tight regulation of this signalling pathway during embryogenesis and adult tissue homeostasis (Lutz and Knaus, 2002; Shi and Massague, 2003). TGF-β family members bind to heteromeric complexes consisting of type I and type II transmembrane serine/threonine kinase receptors. Upon ligand ...
IJEB 48(4) 373-377
... The diet rich in riboflavin increased the induction period of liver tumours by azo-dyes21. Similary, rats fed with both riboflavin and cupric oxyacetate hexahydrate delayed the formation of liver tumour induced by azo-dyes18. The results of the present study also indicate that supplementation of vit ...
... The diet rich in riboflavin increased the induction period of liver tumours by azo-dyes21. Similary, rats fed with both riboflavin and cupric oxyacetate hexahydrate delayed the formation of liver tumour induced by azo-dyes18. The results of the present study also indicate that supplementation of vit ...
Altering the GTP binding site of the DNA/RNA
... and to a mutated form of TB-RBP, TB-RBPGTP, in which the putative binding site has been altered. In TB-RBPGTP the putative GTP binding site is disrupted by site directed mutagenesis of A161N and G162S. Proteins were dotted onto nitrocellulose membranes and incubated with [32P]GTP. Control TB-RBP bin ...
... and to a mutated form of TB-RBP, TB-RBPGTP, in which the putative binding site has been altered. In TB-RBPGTP the putative GTP binding site is disrupted by site directed mutagenesis of A161N and G162S. Proteins were dotted onto nitrocellulose membranes and incubated with [32P]GTP. Control TB-RBP bin ...
Stabilization by GroEL, a Molecular Chaperone, and a Periplasmic
... partment can be compared to the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in eukaryotic cells. Many proteins are found in the periplasm, but the physiological functions of only a few such proteins are known. Furthermore, the periplasm of Escherichia coli has been of great interest with respect to the ...
... partment can be compared to the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in eukaryotic cells. Many proteins are found in the periplasm, but the physiological functions of only a few such proteins are known. Furthermore, the periplasm of Escherichia coli has been of great interest with respect to the ...
Peptide Formulation: Challenges and Strategies
... in rapid equilibrium between the different structural forms, suggesting that a shallow energy minimum landscape exists. Therefore, the aqueous solution conformation may have little similarity to the ‘active’ structure found when bound to a receptor. Either the receptor induces a conformational fit, ...
... in rapid equilibrium between the different structural forms, suggesting that a shallow energy minimum landscape exists. Therefore, the aqueous solution conformation may have little similarity to the ‘active’ structure found when bound to a receptor. Either the receptor induces a conformational fit, ...
Endoplasmic Reticulum–Plasma Membrane - e-learning
... this simplistic view may not be so real because very few proteins can be placed exclusively into only one of the two categories. In particular, no proteins have been found that merely tether, with no other function, with the possible exception of Nvj1p. As this section shows, a more complex scenario ...
... this simplistic view may not be so real because very few proteins can be placed exclusively into only one of the two categories. In particular, no proteins have been found that merely tether, with no other function, with the possible exception of Nvj1p. As this section shows, a more complex scenario ...
Calcitonin
... Calcitonin is a 32-amino acid polypeptide hormone that is produced in humans primarily by the parafollicular (also known as C-cells) of the thyroid, and in many other animals in the ultimobranchia body. It acts to reduce blood calcium (Ca2+), opposing the effects of parathyroid hormone(PTH). It has ...
... Calcitonin is a 32-amino acid polypeptide hormone that is produced in humans primarily by the parafollicular (also known as C-cells) of the thyroid, and in many other animals in the ultimobranchia body. It acts to reduce blood calcium (Ca2+), opposing the effects of parathyroid hormone(PTH). It has ...
Self-Interaction of the Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
... An ICP27 NLS mutant protein can be efficiently localized to the nucleus by heterodimer formation with wild-type ICP27 We showed previously that mutations in the activation region of ICP27 (residues 260–480) but not the splicing repressor region were trans-dominant to the wild-type activity, and the ...
... An ICP27 NLS mutant protein can be efficiently localized to the nucleus by heterodimer formation with wild-type ICP27 We showed previously that mutations in the activation region of ICP27 (residues 260–480) but not the splicing repressor region were trans-dominant to the wild-type activity, and the ...
The Plant Cell - College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural
... (Frias et al., 1996). These results suggest that the transcription and translation of the PM H1 pump can be enhanced by auxin in responsive cells only. ...
... (Frias et al., 1996). These results suggest that the transcription and translation of the PM H1 pump can be enhanced by auxin in responsive cells only. ...
G protein–coupled receptor
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptor, and G protein–linked receptors (GPLR), constitute a large protein family of receptors that sense molecules outside the cell and activate inside signal transduction pathways and, ultimately, cellular responses. Coupling with G proteins, they are called seven-transmembrane receptors because they pass through the cell membrane seven times.G protein–coupled receptors are found only in eukaryotes, including yeast, choanoflagellates, and animals. The ligands that bind and activate these receptors include light-sensitive compounds, odors, pheromones, hormones, and neurotransmitters, and vary in size from small molecules to peptides to large proteins. G protein–coupled receptors are involved in many diseases, and are also the target of approximately 40% of all modern medicinal drugs. Two of the United States's top five selling drugs (Hydrocodone and Lisinopril) act by targeting a G protein–coupled receptor. The 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Brian Kobilka and Robert Lefkowitz for their work that was ""crucial for understanding how G protein–coupled receptors function."". There have been at least seven other Nobel Prizes awarded for some aspect of G protein–mediated signaling.There are two principal signal transduction pathways involving the G protein–coupled receptors: the cAMP signal pathway and the phosphatidylinositol signal pathway. When a ligand binds to the GPCR it causes a conformational change in the GPCR, which allows it to act as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). The GPCR can then activate an associated G protein by exchanging its bound GDP for a GTP. The G protein's α subunit, together with the bound GTP, can then dissociate from the β and γ subunits to further affect intracellular signaling proteins or target functional proteins directly depending on the α subunit type (Gαs, Gαi/o, Gαq/11, Gα12/13).