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Invariant means on CHART groups
Invariant means on CHART groups

Review of Vector Analysis
Review of Vector Analysis

... In order to define the position of a point in space, an appropriate coordinate system is needed. A considerable amount of work and time may be saved by choosing a coordinate system that best fits a given problem. A hard problem in one coordinate system may turn out to be easy in another system. We w ...
2-DIMENSIONAL TOPOLOGICAL QUANTUM FIELD THEORIES
2-DIMENSIONAL TOPOLOGICAL QUANTUM FIELD THEORIES

... a : 0 → 1 is sent to a map η : k → A, m : 2 → 1 is sent to a map µ : A ⊗ A → A, the identity i : 1 → 1 is sent to idA : A → A, d : 1 → 2 is sent to a map δ : A → A ⊗ A, e : 1 → 0 is sent to a map # : A → k, and finally s is sent to a map σ : A⊗A → A⊗A. These maps will be the structure maps making A ...
EQUIVALENT OR ABSOLUTELY CONTINUOUS PROBABILITY
EQUIVALENT OR ABSOLUTELY CONTINUOUS PROBABILITY

... but the ensuing remarks essentially extend to all areas where Γ(α, β) is involved. Example 1. (Mass transportation). Let C be a non-negative measurable function on X × Y. Here, C(x, y) is regarded as the cost per unit mass for transporting a material from x ∈ X to y ∈ Y. Such units are distributed a ...
11. The Structure of Gunk: Adventures in the Ontology of Space
11. The Structure of Gunk: Adventures in the Ontology of Space

Topology of Open Surfaces around a landmark result of C. P.
Topology of Open Surfaces around a landmark result of C. P.

Homology With Local Coefficients
Homology With Local Coefficients

Manifolds with Boundary
Manifolds with Boundary

Collated Notes on TQFT.pdf
Collated Notes on TQFT.pdf

Commutative monads as a theory of distributions
Commutative monads as a theory of distributions

... allows us to talk about partial T -linear maps, as well as T -bilinear maps, as we shall explain. An example of a commutative monad, with E the category of sets, is the functor T which to a set X associates (the underlying set of) the free real vector space on X. In this case, the algebras for T are ...
Real Composition Algebras by Steven Clanton
Real Composition Algebras by Steven Clanton

Introduction to Section 2.5 worksheet
Introduction to Section 2.5 worksheet

A NATURAL REPRESENTATION OF BOUNDED LATTICES There
A NATURAL REPRESENTATION OF BOUNDED LATTICES There

Conservative vector fields
Conservative vector fields

From now on we will always assume that k is a field of characteristic
From now on we will always assume that k is a field of characteristic

TENSOR PRODUCTS II 1. Introduction Continuing our study of
TENSOR PRODUCTS II 1. Introduction Continuing our study of

Homework # 7 Solutions
Homework # 7 Solutions

... Since T is a linear transformation, this means that T (c1 v1 + · · · + cp vp ) = 0. Since T is a linear transformation, we know that T (0) = 0, and since T is one-to-one, we know that it must be true that c1 v1 + · · · + cp vp = 0. Since c1 , . . . , cp are not all zero, we have a linear dependence ...
On properties of the Generalized Wasserstein distance
On properties of the Generalized Wasserstein distance

... set A. We denote with |µ| := µ(Rd ) the norm of µ (also called its mass). More generally, if µ = µ+ − µ− is a signed Borel measure, we define |µ| := |µ+ | + |µ− |. By the Lebesgue’s decomposition theorem, given two measures µ, ν, one can always write in a unique way µ = µac +µs such that µac  ν and ...
Ordered spaces with special bases
Ordered spaces with special bases

String topology and the based loop space.
String topology and the based loop space.

CONVERGENCE THEOREMS FOR PSEUDO
CONVERGENCE THEOREMS FOR PSEUDO

Some Generalizations of Mulit-Valued Version of
Some Generalizations of Mulit-Valued Version of

... Thus, we have a one way implication that Sadovskii’s type theorem ⇒ Theorem 2.1 ⇒ Darbo’s type theorem. However, it is rather difficult to find the operators satisfying the conditions on Banach spaces given in Sadovskii’s type fixed point theorem. ...
Fell bundles associated to groupoid morphisms
Fell bundles associated to groupoid morphisms

Weak Contractions, Common Fixed Points, and Invariant
Weak Contractions, Common Fixed Points, and Invariant

Quaternion Algebras and Quadratic Forms - UWSpace
Quaternion Algebras and Quadratic Forms - UWSpace

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Dual space

In mathematics, any vector space V has a corresponding dual vector space (or just dual space for short) consisting of all linear functionals on V together with a naturally induced linear structure. Dual vector spaces for finite-dimensional vector spaces show up in tensor analysis. When applied to vector spaces of functions (which are typically infinite-dimensional), dual spaces are used to describe measures, distributions, and Hilbert spaces. Consequently, the dual space is an important concept in functional analysis.There are two types of dual spaces: the algebraic dual space, and the continuous dual space. The algebraic dual space is defined for all vector spaces. When defined for a topological vector space there is a subspace of this dual space, corresponding to continuous linear functionals, which constitutes a continuous dual space.
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