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... into itself, and therefore it maps X into X. Conversely, a homomorphism n:X ---> X induces a natural transformation from Map (63, X) to itself, and one may verify the equivalence. Concerning 2.1 it is obvious that axiomatic versions of the theorem exist. A good axiomatization should give a dual conc ...
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... action of GL(k, R) on Rk , the resulting bundle E is a vector bundle of rank k over M . In this case the fibers Ex := π −1 (x) (which, in general, are submanifolds in E of codimension equal to dim M ) are vector spaces isomorphic to Rk . Each local trivial∼ ization ψU , for x ∈ U , yields such an is ...
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... chain map. The proof shows that even more general chain maps induce homomorphisms of homology groups. 5.6 Remark. Thus a simplicial map |K| → |L| between the underlying spaces of two simplicial complexes induces a homomorphism of the homology groups. The difficulty with this is that most continuous ...
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< 1 ... 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 ... 74 >

Dual space

In mathematics, any vector space V has a corresponding dual vector space (or just dual space for short) consisting of all linear functionals on V together with a naturally induced linear structure. Dual vector spaces for finite-dimensional vector spaces show up in tensor analysis. When applied to vector spaces of functions (which are typically infinite-dimensional), dual spaces are used to describe measures, distributions, and Hilbert spaces. Consequently, the dual space is an important concept in functional analysis.There are two types of dual spaces: the algebraic dual space, and the continuous dual space. The algebraic dual space is defined for all vector spaces. When defined for a topological vector space there is a subspace of this dual space, corresponding to continuous linear functionals, which constitutes a continuous dual space.
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