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Exam_2006
Exam_2006

... toward the geophones (but still being plane), and that the vertical distance from the source to the interface is unchanged. Also the positions of the geophones are unchanged. Explain how this will affect the travel times of the direct, reflected and refracted waves. What is true velocity and apparen ...
1996 - Expanding Earth
1996 - Expanding Earth

Unit B: Geology of the Seafloor
Unit B: Geology of the Seafloor

... Students extend their understanding of the seafloor as they learn about its geology. Students study what scientists have discovered about the seafloor and how those concepts have changed over time. Students should be able to make relevant learning connections about the change in the seafloor through ...
Chapter6
Chapter6

... 1. Density is the ratio of an object’s mass to its volume. Earth’s average density is 5.52 g/cm3. (The density of water is 1 g/cm3; of aluminum 2.7 g/cm3; of iron 7.8 g/cm3.) 2. Earth’s interior is made up of three layers. (a) Crust is the thin (<100 km) outermost layer of the Earth; it has a densit ...
Seasons - Red Hook Central Schools
Seasons - Red Hook Central Schools

... Most globes show the axis tilted But what is the axis tilted with respect to? orbit plane ...
Dynamic Earth Curriculum Final
Dynamic Earth Curriculum Final

... 1. Tell the students that plate tectonics is the theory that Earth's lithosphere is made up of  rigid plates that glide over the asthenosphere, the plastic layer above the mesosphere.  Tell students that they will be experimenting with how these plated may fit together on  the surface of the Earth b ...
High-pressure single-crystal elasticity measurements of Al
High-pressure single-crystal elasticity measurements of Al

Earth Movements - Delta Education
Earth Movements - Delta Education

... ACTIVITY 8 Students model subduction and infer what happens to the Earth’s crust when oceanic and continental plates collide. ACTIVITY 9 Students continue to explore plate collision. Using clay models, they demonstrate what happens to the Earth’s crust when continental plates collide. They compare t ...
Chapter 1 Introduction to Earth Science Section 1 What Is Earth
Chapter 1 Introduction to Earth Science Section 1 What Is Earth

... Figure 2 Oceanographers study all aspects of the ocean—the chemistry of its waters, the geology of its seafloor, the physics of its interactions with the atmosphere, and the biology of its organisms. Unit 6 examines the composition of Earth’s atmosphere. The combined effects of Earth’s motions and ...
Earth`s Interior
Earth`s Interior

... asthenosphere, the mesosphere, the outer core, and the inner core. • The lithosphere is the cold, brittle layer at Earth's surface. It is a solid layer that  contains all of the crust and a very thin part of the mantle's top. Overall, the  lithosphere is a stiff, rigid layer that is broken into larg ...
Ch 3_sec1 Class notes
Ch 3_sec1 Class notes

... is measured on the Moment Magnitude Scale (MMS), although the Richter Scale is still used in Russia and some other countries. • Each increase of magnitude by one whole number indicates the release of 31.7 times more energy than the whole number below it. ...
Earthquake Review Questions
Earthquake Review Questions

... ...
here - ScienceA2Z.com
here - ScienceA2Z.com

... the Earth's mass is in the mantle, which is composed of iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), silicon (Si), and oxygen (O) silicate compounds. At over 1000 degrees C, the mantle is solid but can deform slowly in a plastic manner. The D" layer of Earth is about 3% of Earth's mass, is 125 to 188 m ...
Introduction to Oceanography and Earth System Science
Introduction to Oceanography and Earth System Science

... subsequently be subject to high rates of evaporation). surface runoff: in form of streams and rivers, eventually being subject to partial evaporation and final emptying back to sea. Infiltration into the ground and uppermost strata comprising the ...
PowerPoint Fill-in-the-Notes for Unit 2
PowerPoint Fill-in-the-Notes for Unit 2

... Why are the days longer in some parts of the year? • The Earth’s axis is at an ___________________. • In about half of the Earth’s orbit, the tilt causes a region to face toward the sun for more hours than it faces away from the sun. • _______________________. • In other regions that face away from ...
Earth System: Structure, Dynamics, and Materials
Earth System: Structure, Dynamics, and Materials

... Figure 3. Convection in the mantle. Lithospheric plates form the uppermost part of large mantle convection cells. Plate motion is related to convection in the underlying mantle. ...
Lecture
Lecture

... You begin your study with Earth, and that means you must see your home world in a new way, not as a location for exciting vacations, international trade, and strategic political agreements, but as a planet. In this chapter, you will answer four essential questions: ...
Seismic Waves and Earth`s Interior
Seismic Waves and Earth`s Interior

... Section Assessment 2. Which type of fault best describes the San Andreas Fault? Why? The San Andreas Fault is a strike-slip fault. The movement in this fault is primarily horizontal and is caused by two plates that are sliding past each other rather than by subduction. ...
Chapter 1.2 - Planet Earth
Chapter 1.2 - Planet Earth

... Convection and Plates ...
Export To Acrobat ()
Export To Acrobat ()

... Begin class by showing the CNN news video, Science of Earthquakes and Time, that explains how the recent Chile Earthquake shifted the Earth's axis. The video is available online at http://www.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/americas/03/02/chile.quake/index.html, last accessed 3/3/10. ...
ES FINAL EXAM REVIEW 2014
ES FINAL EXAM REVIEW 2014

08WGC Chapter 02
08WGC Chapter 02

... slides under a continental plate, creating debris that can cause continents to grow outward ...
Section 2 - kcpe-kcse
Section 2 - kcpe-kcse

... landforms and water systems. • About 70% of the surface of the Earth is made up of water and is called the hydrosphere. • About 30% of the surface of the Earth is land, including continents and islands. • The air we breathe is part of the Earth’s ...
Geography - English Language Support Programme
Geography - English Language Support Programme

... Bring the relevant subject textbooks to learning/language support class. It does not matter if they have different textbooks as the activities in these units refer to vocabulary and other items that will be found in all subject textbooks. These units are based on curriculum materials. Take some resp ...
Lesson
Lesson

... Heat and the density of air (The warmer the air the more the molecules spread ...
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History of geodesy



Geodesy (/dʒiːˈɒdɨsi/), also named geodetics, is the scientific discipline that deals with the measurement and representation of the Earth. The history of geodesy began in antiquity and blossomed during the Age of Enlightenment.Early ideas about the figure of the Earth held the Earth to be flat (see flat earth), and the heavens a physical dome spanning over it. Two early arguments for a spherical Earth were that lunar eclipses were seen as circular shadows which could only be caused by a spherical Earth, and that Polaris is seen lower in the sky as one travels South.
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