Sleep and REM Behaviour Disorder: Much More than Sleep Walking
... to produce predictable electrophysiologic patterns that form the basis of behavioral sleep2. The neural centers involved in the production and regulation of sleep patterns are located in the brainstem, diencephalon, thalamus and also involve the cortex secondarily 2. Sleep is also generated by the i ...
... to produce predictable electrophysiologic patterns that form the basis of behavioral sleep2. The neural centers involved in the production and regulation of sleep patterns are located in the brainstem, diencephalon, thalamus and also involve the cortex secondarily 2. Sleep is also generated by the i ...
Pituitary Adenomas-new.qxd
... Dopamine agonists also have been used. Pituitary hormone replacement therapy for decreased or absent hormones should be instituted as needed. For selected ...
... Dopamine agonists also have been used. Pituitary hormone replacement therapy for decreased or absent hormones should be instituted as needed. For selected ...
Structure–function relationship of follicle
... the signal carried by the specific extracellular messengers. The activation of such receptor proteins initiates a cascade of events that are amplified at each level and that eventually culminate in a highly sensitive and specific cellular response. The particular structural features of a given signa ...
... the signal carried by the specific extracellular messengers. The activation of such receptor proteins initiates a cascade of events that are amplified at each level and that eventually culminate in a highly sensitive and specific cellular response. The particular structural features of a given signa ...
The Pineal Gland, via Melatonin, Protects DNA, Coordinates the
... concentrations were no different in rats killed during light or dark periods. Tachykinins do not express circadian rhythms, although they are sensitive to endocrine regulation. Gonadotropins and gonadal steroids modulate the concentrations of tachykinins in the pineal gland, while melatonin has no d ...
... concentrations were no different in rats killed during light or dark periods. Tachykinins do not express circadian rhythms, although they are sensitive to endocrine regulation. Gonadotropins and gonadal steroids modulate the concentrations of tachykinins in the pineal gland, while melatonin has no d ...
Thyroid Disruption - Alternative Medicine Review
... which through environmental or inappropriate developmental exposures alter the hormonal and homeostatic systems that enable the organism to communicate with and respond to its environment.” The statement is a response to the large body of evidence accumulated ...
... which through environmental or inappropriate developmental exposures alter the hormonal and homeostatic systems that enable the organism to communicate with and respond to its environment.” The statement is a response to the large body of evidence accumulated ...
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Disorders of the Adrenal Glands: An
... The adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), also called corticotropin, released by the anterior pituitary gland stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete corticosteroid hormones such as cortisol. The release of ACTH is regulated by the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) from the hypothalamus in respon ...
... The adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), also called corticotropin, released by the anterior pituitary gland stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete corticosteroid hormones such as cortisol. The release of ACTH is regulated by the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) from the hypothalamus in respon ...
Neurotransmitter receptors on microglia
... away from the active synapse may be the recipients of neuroactive signals that have diffused over a considerable distance. This raises the possibility that microglia respond to neurotransmitters from near and far, collect and synthesise this information and communicate back to neurons in a large-sca ...
... away from the active synapse may be the recipients of neuroactive signals that have diffused over a considerable distance. This raises the possibility that microglia respond to neurotransmitters from near and far, collect and synthesise this information and communicate back to neurons in a large-sca ...
Subicular and CA1 hippocampal projections to the accessory
... yielded retrograde-labeled cells in the ventral CA1 (de Olmos et al., 1978), although authors were unsure of this projection due to the large sizes of their injections. The reason could be methodological and/or due to species differences. Sensitive retrograde tracers such as FG gave rise to retrogra ...
... yielded retrograde-labeled cells in the ventral CA1 (de Olmos et al., 1978), although authors were unsure of this projection due to the large sizes of their injections. The reason could be methodological and/or due to species differences. Sensitive retrograde tracers such as FG gave rise to retrogra ...
Histological Characteristics of Submandibular Gland after Induction
... thyroid gland which is attributed to defects in secretion of thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and tetra-iodothyronine or thyroxine (T4) below normal level. Acquired hypothyroidism develops later in life because of primary disease of the thyroid gland or secondary to disorders of hypothalamic o ...
... thyroid gland which is attributed to defects in secretion of thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and tetra-iodothyronine or thyroxine (T4) below normal level. Acquired hypothyroidism develops later in life because of primary disease of the thyroid gland or secondary to disorders of hypothalamic o ...
The Akita and hypothyroidism (compatable)
... In humans enlargement of the thyroid gland (seen as a swelling in the neck below the Adam's apple - called goiter) is a common feature of hypothyroidism but this is rare in dogs, except in association with thyroid cancer. To quote Dr. Dodds, the nation’s leading expert in canine thyroid disease, “Th ...
... In humans enlargement of the thyroid gland (seen as a swelling in the neck below the Adam's apple - called goiter) is a common feature of hypothyroidism but this is rare in dogs, except in association with thyroid cancer. To quote Dr. Dodds, the nation’s leading expert in canine thyroid disease, “Th ...
The Akita and hypothyroidism
... In humans enlargement of the thyroid gland (seen as a swelling in the neck below the Adam's apple - called goiter) is a common feature of hypothyroidism but this is rare in dogs, except in association with thyroid cancer. To quote Dr. Dodds, the nation’s leading expert in canine thyroid disease, “Th ...
... In humans enlargement of the thyroid gland (seen as a swelling in the neck below the Adam's apple - called goiter) is a common feature of hypothyroidism but this is rare in dogs, except in association with thyroid cancer. To quote Dr. Dodds, the nation’s leading expert in canine thyroid disease, “Th ...
goiter in children [Compatibility Mode]
... lower thyroid hormone concentrations at presentation older age euthyroid status after three months of antithyroid drug therapy smaller goiter size higher body mass index(BMI) ...
... lower thyroid hormone concentrations at presentation older age euthyroid status after three months of antithyroid drug therapy smaller goiter size higher body mass index(BMI) ...
Thyroid Hormones T - HealthCentral.com
... he thyroid gland has surprising power for such an unobtrusive organ. It controls how fast every cell in the body uses energy. It also affects cells’ response to growth hormone and other compounds, including estrogen and calcium. Because of its widespread impact, though, symptoms of thyroid problems ...
... he thyroid gland has surprising power for such an unobtrusive organ. It controls how fast every cell in the body uses energy. It also affects cells’ response to growth hormone and other compounds, including estrogen and calcium. Because of its widespread impact, though, symptoms of thyroid problems ...
14 Foods That Boost Your Thyroid
... The thyroid gland is often referred to as the body’s “master controller,” as it is responsible for regulating nearly every major metabolic function in the body. It controls metabolic rate, the building of new proteins, sensitivity to other hormones, and much more. The thyroid gland produces hormones ...
... The thyroid gland is often referred to as the body’s “master controller,” as it is responsible for regulating nearly every major metabolic function in the body. It controls metabolic rate, the building of new proteins, sensitivity to other hormones, and much more. The thyroid gland produces hormones ...
Calcitonin, an enigmatic hormone: does it have a function?
... calcium stimulate the secretion of TCT. Most endocrine glands respond to increased levels of serum calcium by increasing hormonal secretion but this response usually occurs only in the presence of an activator8. Examples of activators are ACTH and TSH for the secretion of glucocorticoids and thyroxi ...
... calcium stimulate the secretion of TCT. Most endocrine glands respond to increased levels of serum calcium by increasing hormonal secretion but this response usually occurs only in the presence of an activator8. Examples of activators are ACTH and TSH for the secretion of glucocorticoids and thyroxi ...
Thyroid Nodule - Thyroid Awareness
... (CT or MRI scan of spine or chest, carotid ultrasound, etc.). In addition, a substantial number are first noticed by patients or those they know who see a lump in the front portion of the neck, which may or may not cause symptoms such as a vague pressure sensation or discomfort when swallowing. Obvi ...
... (CT or MRI scan of spine or chest, carotid ultrasound, etc.). In addition, a substantial number are first noticed by patients or those they know who see a lump in the front portion of the neck, which may or may not cause symptoms such as a vague pressure sensation or discomfort when swallowing. Obvi ...
Human longevity is characterised by high thyroid stimulating
... whether these concur with differences in energy metabolism because this process is responsive to TSH/ TH action and has been associated with longevity in model organisms. The main finding of this study is that familial longevity is characterized by higher TSH secretion, in the absence of differences ...
... whether these concur with differences in energy metabolism because this process is responsive to TSH/ TH action and has been associated with longevity in model organisms. The main finding of this study is that familial longevity is characterized by higher TSH secretion, in the absence of differences ...
Response of the Pituitary and Thyroid to Tropic Hormones in
... Chemical Company (St. Louis, MO), is highly stable in lyophilized form. Acetate salt (84% [Lot No. 40H5830] and 79% [Lot No. 33H5820] peptide content) was used. The TRH challenge concentrations were mixed in 0.85% saline at 0, 10, 25, 100, 250, 1000, 2500, and 5000 ng/0.1 ml, and rats were dosed onc ...
... Chemical Company (St. Louis, MO), is highly stable in lyophilized form. Acetate salt (84% [Lot No. 40H5830] and 79% [Lot No. 33H5820] peptide content) was used. The TRH challenge concentrations were mixed in 0.85% saline at 0, 10, 25, 100, 250, 1000, 2500, and 5000 ng/0.1 ml, and rats were dosed onc ...
Stomach-brain communication by vagal afferents in response
... enhances afferent signaling of gastric acid backdiffusion and, secondly, gastrin activates NTS neurons through stimulation of CCK1 receptors on vagal afferents and of CCK2 receptors on area postrema neurons projecting to the NTS. ...
... enhances afferent signaling of gastric acid backdiffusion and, secondly, gastrin activates NTS neurons through stimulation of CCK1 receptors on vagal afferents and of CCK2 receptors on area postrema neurons projecting to the NTS. ...
PHYSIOLOGY OF THE HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY
... The pre-translational regulation of TSH synthesis and secretion is a complex process, detailed in the next paragraphs. The formation of mature TSH involves several post-translational steps including the excision of signal peptides from both subunits and co-translational glycosylation with high manno ...
... The pre-translational regulation of TSH synthesis and secretion is a complex process, detailed in the next paragraphs. The formation of mature TSH involves several post-translational steps including the excision of signal peptides from both subunits and co-translational glycosylation with high manno ...
chapter 4 - Thyroid Disease Manager
... The pre-translational regulation of TSH synthesis and secretion is a complex process, detailed in the next paragraphs. The formation of mature TSH involves several post-translational steps including the excision of signal peptides from both subunits and co-translational glycosylation with high manno ...
... The pre-translational regulation of TSH synthesis and secretion is a complex process, detailed in the next paragraphs. The formation of mature TSH involves several post-translational steps including the excision of signal peptides from both subunits and co-translational glycosylation with high manno ...
Anabolic steroids
... within the steroid secreting cells. The stimulus to form testosterone comes initially from the hypothalamus; an area of the brain where several hormones are developed which relate to the function of other glands. The hypothalamus releases Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone (gnrh) which is delivered to ...
... within the steroid secreting cells. The stimulus to form testosterone comes initially from the hypothalamus; an area of the brain where several hormones are developed which relate to the function of other glands. The hypothalamus releases Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone (gnrh) which is delivered to ...
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Genes: Phylogeny
... The releasing form of GnRH was predicted to exist in 1950 (24) but since the hypothalamus contains minuscule amounts of GnRH, and the peptide has modified N- and C-termini, it was difficult to isolate. Consequently, its structure was not determined until 20 years later (10, 41). Twelve years after t ...
... The releasing form of GnRH was predicted to exist in 1950 (24) but since the hypothalamus contains minuscule amounts of GnRH, and the peptide has modified N- and C-termini, it was difficult to isolate. Consequently, its structure was not determined until 20 years later (10, 41). Twelve years after t ...
Dokument_1 - KLUEDO - Technische Universität Kaiserslautern
... nuclei during development; the MNTB remained weakly labelled throughout the investigated period. In my opinion, this is due to a delay in the development of the inhibitory machinery in the MNTB in comparison to the other brain stem nuclei. ...
... nuclei during development; the MNTB remained weakly labelled throughout the investigated period. In my opinion, this is due to a delay in the development of the inhibitory machinery in the MNTB in comparison to the other brain stem nuclei. ...
5_triiodothyronine-down-regulates-thyrotropin-releasing
... reported to be biologically active (8, 9) and has been detected in the islets, but its secretory pattern is unknown (10). Unlike major islet hormones, however, the highest concentrations of TRH and pTRH-(160 –169) are detected during the early development of neonatal rats (2–3 days after birth) (11) ...
... reported to be biologically active (8, 9) and has been detected in the islets, but its secretory pattern is unknown (10). Unlike major islet hormones, however, the highest concentrations of TRH and pTRH-(160 –169) are detected during the early development of neonatal rats (2–3 days after birth) (11) ...
Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus (from Greek ὑπό, ""under"" and θάλαμος, ""room, chamber"") is a portion of the brain that contains a number of small nuclei with a variety of functions. One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland (hypophysis).The hypothalamus is located below the thalamus, just above the brainstem and is part of the limbic system. In the terminology of neuroanatomy, it forms the ventral part of the diencephalon. All vertebrate brains contain a hypothalamus. In humans, it is the size of an almond.The hypothalamus is responsible for certain metabolic processes and other activities of the autonomic nervous system. It synthesizes and secretes certain neurohormones, often called releasing hormones or hypothalamic hormones, and these in turn stimulate or inhibit the secretion of pituitary hormones.The hypothalamus controls body temperature, hunger, important aspects of parenting and attachment behaviors, thirst, fatigue, sleep, and circadian rhythms.