Servomechanism of Prolactin and Progesterone in Regulating
... progesterone-dependent increase in UG mRNA. To explain the role of PRL in enhancing the action of progesterone we propose that a servomechanism operates between these two hormones and their receptors (Fig. 5). Pretreatment of LTOVX animals with PRL causes increased formation of glandular epithelium ...
... progesterone-dependent increase in UG mRNA. To explain the role of PRL in enhancing the action of progesterone we propose that a servomechanism operates between these two hormones and their receptors (Fig. 5). Pretreatment of LTOVX animals with PRL causes increased formation of glandular epithelium ...
Effects Of The Environment, Chemicals And Drugs On Thyroid
... Starvation produces a greater than 50% decrease in the maximal binding capacity of T3 to rat liver nuclear receptors within 48 hours.62 Although accompanied by a diminution of almost equal magnitude in the nuclear T3 content, it is unlikely that the observed change represents an alteration of the re ...
... Starvation produces a greater than 50% decrease in the maximal binding capacity of T3 to rat liver nuclear receptors within 48 hours.62 Although accompanied by a diminution of almost equal magnitude in the nuclear T3 content, it is unlikely that the observed change represents an alteration of the re ...
The hormonal response to exercise
... angiotensinogen or renin substrate. Angiotensin 1 is converted to angiotensin 2, which directly stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone. Angiotensin 2 also acts on the subfornical area in the diencephalon, an area "outside the blood-brain barrier," to stimulate neural areas involved wit ...
... angiotensinogen or renin substrate. Angiotensin 1 is converted to angiotensin 2, which directly stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone. Angiotensin 2 also acts on the subfornical area in the diencephalon, an area "outside the blood-brain barrier," to stimulate neural areas involved wit ...
effects-of-the-envir.. - Thyroid Disease Manager
... Starvation produces a greater than 50% decrease in the maximal binding capacity of T3 to rat liver nuclear receptors within 48 hours.62 Although accompanied by a diminution of almost equal magnitude in the nuclear T3 content, it is unlikely that the observed change represents an alteration of the re ...
... Starvation produces a greater than 50% decrease in the maximal binding capacity of T3 to rat liver nuclear receptors within 48 hours.62 Although accompanied by a diminution of almost equal magnitude in the nuclear T3 content, it is unlikely that the observed change represents an alteration of the re ...
Selective stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson`s
... STN neurons receive major input from the cortex and globus pallidus externus (GPe) and are under influence of the monoaminergic systems: fibers from the SNc, dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and the locus coeruleus (LC) make synaptic contact in the STN both pre- and post-synaptically releasing respectivel ...
... STN neurons receive major input from the cortex and globus pallidus externus (GPe) and are under influence of the monoaminergic systems: fibers from the SNc, dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and the locus coeruleus (LC) make synaptic contact in the STN both pre- and post-synaptically releasing respectivel ...
What is Hypothyroidism?
... If you suffer from heart disease, your doctor will probably start you on a smaller dosage and gradually increase it. Thyroid hormone levels should be monitored on a regular basis (approximately every 6 weeks) and TSH levels checked to determine whether the correct amount of thyroid replacement hormo ...
... If you suffer from heart disease, your doctor will probably start you on a smaller dosage and gradually increase it. Thyroid hormone levels should be monitored on a regular basis (approximately every 6 weeks) and TSH levels checked to determine whether the correct amount of thyroid replacement hormo ...
Graves` disease treated with thyroid arterial embolization
... thyroid arterial embolization. At 6 months, massive necrosis which was frequent in other tissues or organs with arterial embolization17,19,20,22,26 had not occurred within the embolized thyroid tissue, and only sporadic focal necrosis with concurrent degenerative atrophy and fibrous hyperplasy was p ...
... thyroid arterial embolization. At 6 months, massive necrosis which was frequent in other tissues or organs with arterial embolization17,19,20,22,26 had not occurred within the embolized thyroid tissue, and only sporadic focal necrosis with concurrent degenerative atrophy and fibrous hyperplasy was p ...
Cholecystokinin—From Local Gut Hormone to Ubiquitous Messenger
... acute functions in digestion (gallbladder emptying and pancreatic enzyme secretion), is also a growth factor, a neurotransmitter in the brain and peripheral neurons [for reviews, see Ref. (7–9)], and besides, it may be a spermatozoan fertility factor, a natriuretic kidney peptide, an anti-inflammato ...
... acute functions in digestion (gallbladder emptying and pancreatic enzyme secretion), is also a growth factor, a neurotransmitter in the brain and peripheral neurons [for reviews, see Ref. (7–9)], and besides, it may be a spermatozoan fertility factor, a natriuretic kidney peptide, an anti-inflammato ...
hyperthyroidism_due_to_occupational_exposure_to_zinc_fumes
... excessive occupational exposure to zinc dust and fumes among galvanization workers on thyroid functions. Methods: The study population consisted of 22 galvanization male workers and an equal group of matched males. Every participant of this study was subjected to occupational history taking, questio ...
... excessive occupational exposure to zinc dust and fumes among galvanization workers on thyroid functions. Methods: The study population consisted of 22 galvanization male workers and an equal group of matched males. Every participant of this study was subjected to occupational history taking, questio ...
05. Assessment of age dependent reference range of thyrotropin
... calibrators were assayed along with a set of the other calibrators. The detection limit, defined as the apparent concentration of the average count at zero binding plus two standard deviations, was 0.025 μIU/ml. Cross-reacting hormones were added to a low and to a high TSH value calibrator. The appa ...
... calibrators were assayed along with a set of the other calibrators. The detection limit, defined as the apparent concentration of the average count at zero binding plus two standard deviations, was 0.025 μIU/ml. Cross-reacting hormones were added to a low and to a high TSH value calibrator. The appa ...
Endocrine and Nervous System
... Anatomy: Endocrine • Endocrinology – study of the endocrine system • Thyroid – Located anteriorly in the neck – Two large lobes connected by isthmus – Composed of follicles – secrete: • T3 (Triiodothyronine) • T4 (tetraiodothyronine or thyroxine) ...
... Anatomy: Endocrine • Endocrinology – study of the endocrine system • Thyroid – Located anteriorly in the neck – Two large lobes connected by isthmus – Composed of follicles – secrete: • T3 (Triiodothyronine) • T4 (tetraiodothyronine or thyroxine) ...
Might the olfactory bulb be an origin of olfactory auras in focal
... generally assumed that all such auras arise from epileptic foci in the entorhinal cortex, amygdala or rostral insula, all of which have major afferent projections from the olfactory bulb or mainly from its relay, the anterior olfactory nucleus. The histological morphology, synaptic circuitry, and fo ...
... generally assumed that all such auras arise from epileptic foci in the entorhinal cortex, amygdala or rostral insula, all of which have major afferent projections from the olfactory bulb or mainly from its relay, the anterior olfactory nucleus. The histological morphology, synaptic circuitry, and fo ...
Physiological and Molecular Basis of Thyroid Hormone Action
... TR ligand-binding domain (LBD) and other nuclear hormone receptors have provided insight into some of these complex interactions at the molecular level. The development of transgenic and knockout mouse models have shed light on the roles of TRs in the regulation of specific target genes and developm ...
... TR ligand-binding domain (LBD) and other nuclear hormone receptors have provided insight into some of these complex interactions at the molecular level. The development of transgenic and knockout mouse models have shed light on the roles of TRs in the regulation of specific target genes and developm ...
Boundless Study Slides
... • hormone receptor A molecule that binds to a specific hormone that triggers alterations in cell activity. • hormone response element A short sequence of DNA within the promoter of a gene that is able to bind a specific hormone receptor complex and therefore regulate gene expression. • human chorion ...
... • hormone receptor A molecule that binds to a specific hormone that triggers alterations in cell activity. • hormone response element A short sequence of DNA within the promoter of a gene that is able to bind a specific hormone receptor complex and therefore regulate gene expression. • human chorion ...
Microbial Degradation of Steroid Hormones in the Environment and
... initial concentration of 100 ng/L was faster than with 100 µg/L. The same effect was shown by Ternes et al. (1999a). When only 20 ng/L was spiked, the degradation rate was similar as with 100 ng/L. To Jurgens et al. (2002), the finding that E2 can be degraded at environmental concentrations (with si ...
... initial concentration of 100 ng/L was faster than with 100 µg/L. The same effect was shown by Ternes et al. (1999a). When only 20 ng/L was spiked, the degradation rate was similar as with 100 ng/L. To Jurgens et al. (2002), the finding that E2 can be degraded at environmental concentrations (with si ...
Adverse effects of anabolic steroids in athletes A constant threat
... anabolic steroids on muscle strength and size have been controversial, with approximately half of them finding an increase with steroid use and the other half finding no increase (Johnson, 1990). Differences in study protocols, as well as uncontrolled dosages and number of drugs taken by athletes, w ...
... anabolic steroids on muscle strength and size have been controversial, with approximately half of them finding an increase with steroid use and the other half finding no increase (Johnson, 1990). Differences in study protocols, as well as uncontrolled dosages and number of drugs taken by athletes, w ...
crustacean hyperglycemic hormone: structural variants
... Multiple molecular variants of CHH are generated by both post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms. In addition to the XO/SG complex, CHH gene is widely expressed in many extra-eyestalk tissues. Functionally, available data indicate that CHH is involved with the regulation of carbohydra ...
... Multiple molecular variants of CHH are generated by both post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms. In addition to the XO/SG complex, CHH gene is widely expressed in many extra-eyestalk tissues. Functionally, available data indicate that CHH is involved with the regulation of carbohydra ...
Differential GH-releasing hormone regulation of GHRH receptor
... mediating the stimulatory effects of GHRH on GH synthesis and secretion (3, 14, 15). Although there are several clear examples of hypothalamic secretagogues influencing expression of their pituitary receptors (27, 36, 37), data on the GHRH/GHRH receptor axis have been difficult to interpret due to a ...
... mediating the stimulatory effects of GHRH on GH synthesis and secretion (3, 14, 15). Although there are several clear examples of hypothalamic secretagogues influencing expression of their pituitary receptors (27, 36, 37), data on the GHRH/GHRH receptor axis have been difficult to interpret due to a ...
Endogenous morphine-like compound immunoreactivity increases
... Morphine is endogenously synthesized in the central nervous system and endogenous dopamine is thought to be necessary for endogenous morphine formation. As Parkinson’s disease results from the loss of dopamine and is associated with central pain, we considered how endogenous morphine is regulated in ...
... Morphine is endogenously synthesized in the central nervous system and endogenous dopamine is thought to be necessary for endogenous morphine formation. As Parkinson’s disease results from the loss of dopamine and is associated with central pain, we considered how endogenous morphine is regulated in ...
Beneficial Bacteria Stimulate Youthful Thyroid Gland Activity
... were further processed with Image J (NIH, Bethesda, MD) with which the number and average size of particles were automatically determined using the “measure particles” plug-in. Colloid-devoid follicles when evident were counted separately and their number was added to the number of colloid-containin ...
... were further processed with Image J (NIH, Bethesda, MD) with which the number and average size of particles were automatically determined using the “measure particles” plug-in. Colloid-devoid follicles when evident were counted separately and their number was added to the number of colloid-containin ...
The Straight Facts About Human Growth Hormone (hGH)
... located at the base the brain. It is a large fragile protein molecule with a molecular weight of 20,000. HGH acts on many different tissues to promote healthy metabolism. The bulk of the effect accomplished by hGH is performed by a related hormone called Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1), which i ...
... located at the base the brain. It is a large fragile protein molecule with a molecular weight of 20,000. HGH acts on many different tissues to promote healthy metabolism. The bulk of the effect accomplished by hGH is performed by a related hormone called Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1), which i ...
Thyroid status in exercising horses and laminitic ponies
... The objective of these studies was to contribute to the understanding and assessment of thyroid function in horses. The first study evaluated methods of assessing thyroid function in horses, including validation of an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for measuring equine thyroid hormones and development and ...
... The objective of these studies was to contribute to the understanding and assessment of thyroid function in horses. The first study evaluated methods of assessing thyroid function in horses, including validation of an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for measuring equine thyroid hormones and development and ...
A Introduction Thyroid Development and Function as Related to Etiopathogenesis of
... Physiologic Changes in Thyroid Hormone in the Neonate During fetal life there is a progressive increase in circulating T4 and rT3 but T3 tends to be low (fetal protective measure) and may be in hypothyroid range at birth. It is important to be aware of the physiological variations in the levels of T ...
... Physiologic Changes in Thyroid Hormone in the Neonate During fetal life there is a progressive increase in circulating T4 and rT3 but T3 tends to be low (fetal protective measure) and may be in hypothyroid range at birth. It is important to be aware of the physiological variations in the levels of T ...
A brief review of rat thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and
... all the hormone peaks shifted 12 hours (6), suggesting that the circadian changes of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid system are depending on the light and dark cycle. According to this report, under the normal lighting condition, low blood level of TSH during dark period started to increase after lig ...
... all the hormone peaks shifted 12 hours (6), suggesting that the circadian changes of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid system are depending on the light and dark cycle. According to this report, under the normal lighting condition, low blood level of TSH during dark period started to increase after lig ...
Exercise as a stressor to the human neuroendocrine system
... (Champaign, IL. Human Kinetics, 1990) as reported by A. C. Hackney and J. Dobridge (reference 20). system. For instance, changes in circulating hormonal concentrations are brought about not only by changes in glandular production and secretion, but also by changes in the metabolic clearance rate (MC ...
... (Champaign, IL. Human Kinetics, 1990) as reported by A. C. Hackney and J. Dobridge (reference 20). system. For instance, changes in circulating hormonal concentrations are brought about not only by changes in glandular production and secretion, but also by changes in the metabolic clearance rate (MC ...
Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus (from Greek ὑπό, ""under"" and θάλαμος, ""room, chamber"") is a portion of the brain that contains a number of small nuclei with a variety of functions. One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland (hypophysis).The hypothalamus is located below the thalamus, just above the brainstem and is part of the limbic system. In the terminology of neuroanatomy, it forms the ventral part of the diencephalon. All vertebrate brains contain a hypothalamus. In humans, it is the size of an almond.The hypothalamus is responsible for certain metabolic processes and other activities of the autonomic nervous system. It synthesizes and secretes certain neurohormones, often called releasing hormones or hypothalamic hormones, and these in turn stimulate or inhibit the secretion of pituitary hormones.The hypothalamus controls body temperature, hunger, important aspects of parenting and attachment behaviors, thirst, fatigue, sleep, and circadian rhythms.