Axial intensity of apertured Bessel beams
... have attracted the attention of many scientists, who have proposed a great number of applications.8–12 Since finite-aperture optical elements are always present in any practical realization,13–18 a more realistic model for a Bessel beam has to include the presence, at a certain plane (z 5 0), of a w ...
... have attracted the attention of many scientists, who have proposed a great number of applications.8–12 Since finite-aperture optical elements are always present in any practical realization,13–18 a more realistic model for a Bessel beam has to include the presence, at a certain plane (z 5 0), of a w ...
Ray Optics - Sakshi Education
... used as a rear-view mirror. 36. Concave mirror is an ideal one for shaving purposes. Ophthalmoscope consists of a concave mirror. It is also used by dentists. REFRACTION : 1. When a light ray travels from one medium to another, it suffers a change of direction at the surface of separation of the two ...
... used as a rear-view mirror. 36. Concave mirror is an ideal one for shaving purposes. Ophthalmoscope consists of a concave mirror. It is also used by dentists. REFRACTION : 1. When a light ray travels from one medium to another, it suffers a change of direction at the surface of separation of the two ...
Surface Water Waves
... from chromatic aberrations. Using metamaterials they would enable light of visible wavelengths to be deflected around an object and continue its path on the far side as though the object were not there. This phenomenon has been achieved at microwave frequencies[1][2] however, achieving this effect a ...
... from chromatic aberrations. Using metamaterials they would enable light of visible wavelengths to be deflected around an object and continue its path on the far side as though the object were not there. This phenomenon has been achieved at microwave frequencies[1][2] however, achieving this effect a ...
Radiative Transfer Theory - UCL Department of Geography
... propagation direction, or energy that is scattered from other directions) and energy losses from the volume (either scattering out of the propagation direction, or absorption losses). Whilst optical modelling generally exploits a scalar radiative transfer equation, in microwave scattering, we deal u ...
... propagation direction, or energy that is scattered from other directions) and energy losses from the volume (either scattering out of the propagation direction, or absorption losses). Whilst optical modelling generally exploits a scalar radiative transfer equation, in microwave scattering, we deal u ...
Coupled-mode theory for electromagnetic pulse propagation in
... be the z direction, but they can have any sort of nonuniformity in the transverse direction r⊥ , i.e., the dispersive permittivity of the structure (defined in the frequency domain) is given by = (r⊥ ,ω). This is the natural waveguide geometry, which obviously includes also uniform media. Howev ...
... be the z direction, but they can have any sort of nonuniformity in the transverse direction r⊥ , i.e., the dispersive permittivity of the structure (defined in the frequency domain) is given by = (r⊥ ,ω). This is the natural waveguide geometry, which obviously includes also uniform media. Howev ...
Student Text, pp. 444-452
... source is straight. We confine ourselves for the moment to waves from sources with a constant frequency. As a wave moves away from its constant-frequency source, the spacing between successive crests or successive troughs—the wavelength—remains the same provided the speed of the wave does not change ...
... source is straight. We confine ourselves for the moment to waves from sources with a constant frequency. As a wave moves away from its constant-frequency source, the spacing between successive crests or successive troughs—the wavelength—remains the same provided the speed of the wave does not change ...
Wormald Coupland On measuring 3D flow within inkjet droplet
... instrument was focused approximately at the position of the nozzle axis. Figure 7. shows the reconstructed hologram of a droplet close to the nozzle exit approximately 1ms after the solenoid valve opened. At this stage the droplet is in the form of an extruded filament of fluid. Out-of-focus and ab ...
... instrument was focused approximately at the position of the nozzle axis. Figure 7. shows the reconstructed hologram of a droplet close to the nozzle exit approximately 1ms after the solenoid valve opened. At this stage the droplet is in the form of an extruded filament of fluid. Out-of-focus and ab ...
Optical Solitons with Fourth Order Dispersion and Dual
... materials such as LiNbO3 . The propagation of ultrashort optical pulses in a nonlinear media can be charaterized by the nonliner refractive index that is given by [2, 6, 7] n = n0 + n2 |E|2m + n4 |E|4m ...
... materials such as LiNbO3 . The propagation of ultrashort optical pulses in a nonlinear media can be charaterized by the nonliner refractive index that is given by [2, 6, 7] n = n0 + n2 |E|2m + n4 |E|4m ...
Coherence - Studentportalen
... The angle is thus much smaller, and naturally the angle should be much smaller than the one corresponding to the first diffraction minimum. The transverse coherence width at a distance z from the aperture is then lt ...
... The angle is thus much smaller, and naturally the angle should be much smaller than the one corresponding to the first diffraction minimum. The transverse coherence width at a distance z from the aperture is then lt ...
Mathematical models and numerical methods for high frequency
... With consistent initial and boundary data, φ(t, x) = φ̃(x) − t. We note that, since the family of curves {x | φ(t, x) = φ̃(x) − t = 0}, parametrized by t ≥ 0, describe a propagating wave front in (11), we often directly interpret the frequency domain phase φ̃(x) as the travel time of a wave. The dif ...
... With consistent initial and boundary data, φ(t, x) = φ̃(x) − t. We note that, since the family of curves {x | φ(t, x) = φ̃(x) − t = 0}, parametrized by t ≥ 0, describe a propagating wave front in (11), we often directly interpret the frequency domain phase φ̃(x) as the travel time of a wave. The dif ...
Page 251 - eCM Journal
... astigmatism and other axial aberrations grow also in importance. To reduce the effect of aberrations, methods for coma-free alignment of electron microscopes and accurate determination of aberration coefficients are, therefore, required. A method for coma-free alignment was originally proposed in an ...
... astigmatism and other axial aberrations grow also in importance. To reduce the effect of aberrations, methods for coma-free alignment of electron microscopes and accurate determination of aberration coefficients are, therefore, required. A method for coma-free alignment was originally proposed in an ...
Ultra–large field-of-view two-photon microscopy
... The design of the scan system begins with the selection of the objective. We seek a field-ofview that encompasses 10 mm, a numerical aperture (NA) to achieve 1-µm resolution, and a back aperture that does not exceed 25 mm. The singular choice is a 4-times magnification (f = 45 mm), 0.28 NA air-immer ...
... The design of the scan system begins with the selection of the objective. We seek a field-ofview that encompasses 10 mm, a numerical aperture (NA) to achieve 1-µm resolution, and a back aperture that does not exceed 25 mm. The singular choice is a 4-times magnification (f = 45 mm), 0.28 NA air-immer ...
Multimode Interferometer for Guided Matter Waves
... even below the Fermi temperature. The multimode interferometer is built by combining two Y-shaped beam splitters [4], capable of coherently splitting or recombining many incoming transverse modes, and arranging the interferometer geometry so that all the different transverse states give the same pha ...
... even below the Fermi temperature. The multimode interferometer is built by combining two Y-shaped beam splitters [4], capable of coherently splitting or recombining many incoming transverse modes, and arranging the interferometer geometry so that all the different transverse states give the same pha ...
One-parameter two-term HenyeyŒGreenstein phase function for
... To compare results of modeling with the seawater TTHG phase function with the experimental data, a set of random pairs of backscattering probability and single-scattering albedos 共B, 0兲 was generated. These pairs, being homogeneously distributed in the rectangle 共0 ⱕ B ⱕ 0.5, 0 ⱕ 0 ⱕ 1兲, simulate ...
... To compare results of modeling with the seawater TTHG phase function with the experimental data, a set of random pairs of backscattering probability and single-scattering albedos 共B, 0兲 was generated. These pairs, being homogeneously distributed in the rectangle 共0 ⱕ B ⱕ 0.5, 0 ⱕ 0 ⱕ 1兲, simulate ...
The effects of longitudinal chromatic aberration and a shift in the
... retinal image with defocus from LCA, and calculation of M-cone contrast of the defocused retinal image when the peak sensitivity of the M-cone fundamental is varied. Because M-cone contrast varies with the plane of focus we calculated M-cone contrast when the eye is focused to maximize luminance con ...
... retinal image with defocus from LCA, and calculation of M-cone contrast of the defocused retinal image when the peak sensitivity of the M-cone fundamental is varied. Because M-cone contrast varies with the plane of focus we calculated M-cone contrast when the eye is focused to maximize luminance con ...