The long shadow of a fiscal expansion
... financial controls on their budgets. As partial evidence for this, Figure 1 shows that the investment rate remained higher (compared to 2008) even after the end of the fiscal stimulus in 2010. By 2014, China's investment rate stood at 48 percent of GDP, which is probably the highest investment rate ...
... financial controls on their budgets. As partial evidence for this, Figure 1 shows that the investment rate remained higher (compared to 2008) even after the end of the fiscal stimulus in 2010. By 2014, China's investment rate stood at 48 percent of GDP, which is probably the highest investment rate ...
Parkin-Bade Chapter 30
... economic growth stop. Contrary to the assumption of the classical theory, the historical evidence is that population growth rate is not tightly linked to income per person, and population growth does not drive incomes back down to subsistence levels. ...
... economic growth stop. Contrary to the assumption of the classical theory, the historical evidence is that population growth rate is not tightly linked to income per person, and population growth does not drive incomes back down to subsistence levels. ...
Asia Economics Analyst
... alleviate growth bottlenecks, improve public policy management, and address social equality. The government working report identified the general direction of the reforms. We expect several areas to receive particular attention during the NPC discussions. Urbanization: Though the urbanization initia ...
... alleviate growth bottlenecks, improve public policy management, and address social equality. The government working report identified the general direction of the reforms. We expect several areas to receive particular attention during the NPC discussions. Urbanization: Though the urbanization initia ...
Parkin-Bade Chapter 30
... Canada averaged 2.1 percent a year. Real GDP per person fell precipitously during the Great Depression and rose rapidly during World War II. Growth was most rapid during the 1960s and averaged 3.3 percent a year. ...
... Canada averaged 2.1 percent a year. Real GDP per person fell precipitously during the Great Depression and rose rapidly during World War II. Growth was most rapid during the 1960s and averaged 3.3 percent a year. ...
UK BUSINESS CONFIDENCE MONITOR Q1 2009 North West Summary Report
... we have experienced recession; however, the globalised nature of business today combined with our recent reliance on the now fraught Financial Services sector as the driver of our economic prosperity gives previously unseen dimensions to the situation. Surviving the downturn in business requires car ...
... we have experienced recession; however, the globalised nature of business today combined with our recent reliance on the now fraught Financial Services sector as the driver of our economic prosperity gives previously unseen dimensions to the situation. Surviving the downturn in business requires car ...
Greece: Military Expenditure, Economic Growth
... high defence burden is a subject that has been attracting attention in the relevant literature. The results from the available studies that have attempted to empirically evaluate and quantify these effects are not conclusive. Again, depending on the methodology used - adopting single equation or mul ...
... high defence burden is a subject that has been attracting attention in the relevant literature. The results from the available studies that have attempted to empirically evaluate and quantify these effects are not conclusive. Again, depending on the methodology used - adopting single equation or mul ...
south africa`s tariff liberalisation policy: an appraisal of
... Historically, the development of the South African manufacturing sector was based on a policy of import-substitution for infant industry (Holden, 1992, 1995). Empirical evidence reveals that there has not always been a robust positive relationship between foreign trade and economic growth in South A ...
... Historically, the development of the South African manufacturing sector was based on a policy of import-substitution for infant industry (Holden, 1992, 1995). Empirical evidence reveals that there has not always been a robust positive relationship between foreign trade and economic growth in South A ...
Supply-Side Factors of Economic Growth in Bulgaria
... dependence on global and regional factors. Pirimova’s study demonstrated that the relative smoothing of business fluctuations required macroeconomic policies, which could affect simultaneously the real economy and the financial sector as well as common strategies for economic growth and economic dev ...
... dependence on global and regional factors. Pirimova’s study demonstrated that the relative smoothing of business fluctuations required macroeconomic policies, which could affect simultaneously the real economy and the financial sector as well as common strategies for economic growth and economic dev ...
THE EFFECT OF CREDIT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN KENYA BY
... economic growth and development in Kenya. This situation has been of great concern to the government, citizenry, operators, practitioners and the organized private sector groups. Throughout the year, the government at central and even local levels during budgetary allocations, policies and pronounce ...
... economic growth and development in Kenya. This situation has been of great concern to the government, citizenry, operators, practitioners and the organized private sector groups. Throughout the year, the government at central and even local levels during budgetary allocations, policies and pronounce ...
A Cointegration Approach to Estimate Private Investment Demand
... resources yet it also help the economy by introducing modern and innovative ideas, transfer of new technology and production techniques, and approach to the global market for the local investors. Furthermore foreign direct investment stimulates domestic economic activity in the economy by expanding ...
... resources yet it also help the economy by introducing modern and innovative ideas, transfer of new technology and production techniques, and approach to the global market for the local investors. Furthermore foreign direct investment stimulates domestic economic activity in the economy by expanding ...
Greece Macroeconomic Outlook 2016 - Eurobank Global Markets Research
... Significant uncertainty to the growth outlook remains. Risks to the baseline forecast are assessed, including the final outcome for 2015 GDP growth, which constitutes the basis for the projection, st the timeliness and outcome of negotiations on the 1 programme review and the degree of political own ...
... Significant uncertainty to the growth outlook remains. Risks to the baseline forecast are assessed, including the final outcome for 2015 GDP growth, which constitutes the basis for the projection, st the timeliness and outcome of negotiations on the 1 programme review and the degree of political own ...
View/Open
... Further, annual increases in price supports can increase growth in real GDP, but this source can be artificial and not sustainable when prices are supported above world market levels. In this example, the US agriculture will maintain its competitiveness in the long-run, while country X may have high ...
... Further, annual increases in price supports can increase growth in real GDP, but this source can be artificial and not sustainable when prices are supported above world market levels. In this example, the US agriculture will maintain its competitiveness in the long-run, while country X may have high ...
Chinese economic reform
The Chinese economic reform (simplified Chinese: 改革开放; traditional Chinese: 改革開放; pinyin: Gǎigé kāifàng; literally: ""Reform & Opening up"") refers to the program of economic reforms called ""Socialism with Chinese characteristics"" in the People's Republic of China (PRC) that was started in December 1978 by reformists within the Communist Party of China (CPC) led by Deng Xiaoping.China had one of the world's largest and most advanced economies prior to the nineteenth century. In the 18th century, Adam Smith claimed China had long been one of the richest, that is, one of the most fertile, best cultivated, most industrious, most prosperous and most urbanized countries in the world. The economy stagnated since the 16th century and even declined in absolute terms in the nineteenth and much of the twentieth century, with a brief recovery in the 1930s.Economic reforms introducing market principles began in 1978 and were carried out in two stages. The first stage, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, involved the decollectivization of agriculture, the opening up of the country to foreign investment, and permission for entrepreneurs to start businesses. However, most industry remained state-owned. The second stage of reform, in the late 1980s and 1990s, involved the privatization and contracting out of much state-owned industry and the lifting of price controls, protectionist policies, and regulations, although state monopolies in sectors such as banking and petroleum remained. The private sector grew remarkably, accounting for as much as 70 percent of China gross domestic product by 2005. From 1978 until 2013, unprecedented growth occurred, with the economy increasing by 9.5% a year. The conservative Hu-Wen Administration more heavily regulated and controlled the economy after 2005, reversing some reforms.The success of China's economic policies and the manner of their implementation has resulted in immense changes in Chinese society. Large-scale government planning programs alongside market characteristics have minimized poverty, while incomes and income inequality have increased, leading to a backlash led by the New Left. In the academic scene, scholars have debated the reason for the success of the Chinese ""dual-track"" economy, and have compared them to attempts to reform socialism in the East Bloc and the Soviet Union, and the growth of other developing economies.