• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Trinidad_and_Tobago_en.pdf
Trinidad_and_Tobago_en.pdf

... On the demand side, growth was led by a 9% increase in gross fixed investment (12% in 2006); this was due to several construction projects both public and private. However, there are indications that the sector is overheating, including high increases in input prices as well as labour costs. For ins ...
What is an economy?
What is an economy?

... One common measure to check whether economic growth has occurred is to see whether our gross domestic product or GDP has grown. ...
Economic Systems - Meant4Teachers.com
Economic Systems - Meant4Teachers.com

... What elements of a Free Market economy do we have? What elements of a Command economy do we have? ...
Development Projects – The Key to Real Growth Economic performance
Development Projects – The Key to Real Growth Economic performance

... In 2011 520,000 new jobs were created with only 74,200 being in the modern sector. This trend is worrying since for the past four years there has not been any significant change in the number of jobs created by the economy. As such the increase in the aggregate demand for goods and services could no ...
us-china - Rice University
us-china - Rice University

... than quadruple the GDP in 1978(footnote:worldbank). Its annual rate of GDP growth is 8%, and from 1992-1997, GDP averages a 10% growth rate in coastal areas of China! The attacks on China arise because, due to socialist policy, foreign publications can’t enter the Chinese market or distribute withou ...
10 The New Economy, Dr. Kevin Brady
10 The New Economy, Dr. Kevin Brady

... promotes a mixed economy, primarily set in the private sector, but with a major role played by the government and public sector. It served as the economic model during the Depression, World II and the economic expansion from 1945 to 1973, and beyond … up until 1981. AIHE © 2010 ...
Chapter 31 Key Concepts – Economic Growth
Chapter 31 Key Concepts – Economic Growth

...  Wage increases slow down  Many firms stop expanding and some will leave the market  Prices rise more slowly and profits may fall 3. Depression (bottom of economic cycle)  Associated with hardship ...
Political Economy Lecture 6 Neoliberal policies (1980s-?)
Political Economy Lecture 6 Neoliberal policies (1980s-?)

...  Globalization is the friendly name Globalization is about the liberalization and global integration of markets.  Globalization is inevitable and irresistible.  Nobody is in charge of globalization.  Globalization benefits everyone (in the long run . ..) ...
Economic Geography
Economic Geography

... What are the 4 Economic Employment Sectors? Different levels of employment (jobs) based on variety of factors 1. Education level required to perform task 2. Location (geographic – available resources) 3. Location (to appropriate market) ...
Ecuador_en.pdf
Ecuador_en.pdf

... plans and public investment in housing. Consumption expanded in response to real wage increases, direct government household subsidies and sharp growth in credit. The government intervenes heavily in strategic economic sectors, which is a significant factor behind low private investment. In mining a ...
Economic Forecast for 2014 & Beyond
Economic Forecast for 2014 & Beyond

... – Also unlikely that the Federal Reserve will be willing to do something dramatic, if anything expect a return to “more normal” policies and a bit higher long term ...
Midterm Exam
Midterm Exam

日本経済に関する対外発信のポイント
日本経済に関する対外発信のポイント

... During the concentrated consolidation period up to FY2006, the government will accelerate its efforts for the structural reform, focusing on the following challenges: 1) to create a “small and efficient government;” 2) to create a foundation that will allow Japan to tide over the declining birthrate ...
The Big Idea: 'China in the 21st Century'
The Big Idea: 'China in the 21st Century'

... to fit in to a system that Britain created and which is now dominated by the US and, although a severe regional crisis might lead Chinese leaders to think differently.’ and Ashkabad still look to Russia, but over time the Chinese leadership may come to regret not doing more to ensure its influence i ...
Download PDF
Download PDF

... The existence of multiple classes of shares in the Chinese equity markets, distinguished by who is allowed to buy and hold them, complicates things. And only firms approved by the state have been able to sell shares of any kind. As of December 2005, the majority of shares in listed companies on Chin ...
Economic Growth
Economic Growth

... • Why must the economy continue to grow as population increases? • Why is it important for economists to calculate real GDP per capita? • What is capital deepening and how does it affect economic growth? • How does the savings rate help the economy to grow? • Why is technological progress important? ...
Market Economy
Market Economy

... foreign imports. For example, some European governments subsidize local farmers so they can compete against U.S. grain imports. Trade barriers can be covert as well. For example, a government may require that certain products sold in a country be assembled there. For example, many foreign cars are a ...
South and East Asia Economic Systems
South and East Asia Economic Systems

... • Service, Technology (Industry) ...
The economic Cycle - Business Studies A Level for WJEC
The economic Cycle - Business Studies A Level for WJEC

Traditional economies have been historically found in
Traditional economies have been historically found in

... joined by others. The expressed purpose of the organization is to see that global oil prices remain fair and stable, allowing member nations to earn needed money from the sale of their oil. They do this by adjusting their petroleum production to help maintain a balance in supply and demand. OPEC min ...
Economic Pursuit of Nepal
Economic Pursuit of Nepal

... Positive trend has been observed in revenue collection and exclusively in social sector. However, the progress in the areas of agriculture, industrial growth, and road construction and irrigation facilities along with deficit in trade is far from satisfactory. As a result no expected change has take ...
USI Library News Information Service Tribune,9-9
USI Library News Information Service Tribune,9-9

... China’s crisis can be India’s opportunity Due to the turmoil, India’s exporters will lose out on currency competitiveness to China in segments such as chemicals, project exports, textiles and apparels — sectors in which India competes directly with China. Cutting red tape and out-of-the-box solution ...
Jul 2016 - State Bank of Pakistan
Jul 2016 - State Bank of Pakistan

Guyana_en.pdf
Guyana_en.pdf

... The Guyanese economy continued to post robust growth in 2011 despite the continuing difficulties in the major export markets of the United States and Europe. The estimate for 2011 is for overall growth of 4.8%, while the forecast for 2012 is for an expansion of 4%. Policymakers in Guyana are expecte ...
Belize Economic Outlook January 17, 2017 In November, Belize`s
Belize Economic Outlook January 17, 2017 In November, Belize`s

< 1 ... 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 ... 243 >

Chinese economic reform



The Chinese economic reform (simplified Chinese: 改革开放; traditional Chinese: 改革開放; pinyin: Gǎigé kāifàng; literally: ""Reform & Opening up"") refers to the program of economic reforms called ""Socialism with Chinese characteristics"" in the People's Republic of China (PRC) that was started in December 1978 by reformists within the Communist Party of China (CPC) led by Deng Xiaoping.China had one of the world's largest and most advanced economies prior to the nineteenth century. In the 18th century, Adam Smith claimed China had long been one of the richest, that is, one of the most fertile, best cultivated, most industrious, most prosperous and most urbanized countries in the world. The economy stagnated since the 16th century and even declined in absolute terms in the nineteenth and much of the twentieth century, with a brief recovery in the 1930s.Economic reforms introducing market principles began in 1978 and were carried out in two stages. The first stage, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, involved the decollectivization of agriculture, the opening up of the country to foreign investment, and permission for entrepreneurs to start businesses. However, most industry remained state-owned. The second stage of reform, in the late 1980s and 1990s, involved the privatization and contracting out of much state-owned industry and the lifting of price controls, protectionist policies, and regulations, although state monopolies in sectors such as banking and petroleum remained. The private sector grew remarkably, accounting for as much as 70 percent of China gross domestic product by 2005. From 1978 until 2013, unprecedented growth occurred, with the economy increasing by 9.5% a year. The conservative Hu-Wen Administration more heavily regulated and controlled the economy after 2005, reversing some reforms.The success of China's economic policies and the manner of their implementation has resulted in immense changes in Chinese society. Large-scale government planning programs alongside market characteristics have minimized poverty, while incomes and income inequality have increased, leading to a backlash led by the New Left. In the academic scene, scholars have debated the reason for the success of the Chinese ""dual-track"" economy, and have compared them to attempts to reform socialism in the East Bloc and the Soviet Union, and the growth of other developing economies.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report