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pdf - European Association of Tissue Banks
pdf - European Association of Tissue Banks

... Remarkable developments in the scientific, technical and medical fields have led to the increased therapeutic use of human organs, tissues and cells. Transplantation of these substances of human origin (SOHO) has not only improved the quality of life of thousands of individuals but also prolonged th ...
Lymphatic Filariasis - World Health Organization, South
Lymphatic Filariasis - World Health Organization, South

... Lymphatic filariasis is one of the most debilitating neglected tropical diseases. It is caused by three species of filarial worms and transmitted by mosquitoes. Half the people infected with lymphatic filariasis in the world live in nine countries of the South-East Asia Region. This booklet answers ...
How is cirrhosis treated?
How is cirrhosis treated?

... Chronic hepatitis C. The hepatitis C virus is a liver infection that is spread by contact with an infected person’s blood. Chronic hepatitis C causes inflammation and damage to the liver over time that can lead to cirrhosis. Chronic hepatitis B and D. The hepatitis B virus is a liver infection that ...
Plastic parasites: sophisticated strategies for survival and
Plastic parasites: sophisticated strategies for survival and

... as it encompasses the internal biotic environment of at least two other living organisms (the host and vector), and the external environment experienced by those organisms. Parasites will encounter different types of host, for which there could be different optimal solutions to resource allocation p ...
TEXT
TEXT

... present at birth, with one study showing its presence in only 25% of children less than 5 days old (Miller in Holinger). The reflex is mediated by four different types of cough receptors found between the ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells from the pharynx to the bronchi. Slow-adapt ...
interim Infection Prevention and Control Practice Handbook
interim Infection Prevention and Control Practice Handbook

... information which appears in this publication, as long as the user of the information agrees to: • use the document for information only • save or print a single copy for personal use only and not to reproduce any major extract or the entire document except as permitted under Copyright Act 1968 (as ...
RESPIRATORY PATHOGENS IN THOROUGHBRED FOALS UP TO ONE YEAR OF AGE
RESPIRATORY PATHOGENS IN THOROUGHBRED FOALS UP TO ONE YEAR OF AGE

... Only EHV-4 was cultured from the nasopharyngeal swabs of nine foals when they were 5 to 6 months of age and from one foal two months later. A wide variety of bacteria and fungi were cultured and it was established that coagulase-negative staphylococci, viridans streptococci, Moraxella spp. and Flavo ...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Older Adults: A Hidden Annual Epidemic
Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Older Adults: A Hidden Annual Epidemic

... and rhinorrhea, which progress over several days. Cough, often with sputum production, is common and can be accompanied by dyspnea and wheezing, a hallmark of RSV infection across all ages. On average, patients with RSV present to a doctor or the emergency department on day five to seven of the illn ...
Antimicrobial management of presumed microbial keratitis
Antimicrobial management of presumed microbial keratitis

... bacteria to avoid recurrence. The graft became infected 4 months later with Sporotrichon species (Fig 2(b)) while the patient was on vacation in Florida. The treatment responses of all patients included in this study are summarised in Table 2 including use of corticosteroids and immunomodulatory dru ...
PDF
PDF

... the airways. Neutrophils contribute to the pathology of these diseases. To date, NETs have been identified in the lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF), acute lung injury (ALI), allergic asthma, and lungs infected with bacteria, virus, or fungi. These microbes and several host factors can stimulate NET form ...
Oral Malodor
Oral Malodor

... assessments such as the measurement of the volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs). Because selfreported halitosis correlates weakly with objective measurements and tends to overestimate the problem, data should be interpreted carefully. The incidence of halitosis remains poorly documented in most countrie ...
Massachusetts Department of Public Health
Massachusetts Department of Public Health

... Note: See Table 3 for approved inactivated influenza vaccines for different age groups. 4. Administer influenza vaccine simultaneously with all other vaccines indicated. 5. If possible, observe patient for an allergic reaction for 15 - 20 minutes after administering vaccine. 6. Facilities and person ...
Canadian HIV Pregnancy Planning Guidelines
Canadian HIV Pregnancy Planning Guidelines

... care professional or trained peer counsellor in a supportive, nonjudgemental manner that takes into account sexual diversity and ethnocultural or religious beliefs and practices. (III-A) 07. Counselling should include a discussion of the potential risk for both horizontal (between partners) and ve ...
Eosinophil in health and disease
Eosinophil in health and disease

... labeled eosinophils were injected into the terminal mesentery artery bloodstream 6 h after interleukin-1 (IL-1) administration. intravital microscopy (IVM).) Rolling of a single fluorescently labeled eosinophil in an IL-1-stimulated venule (blood flow from right to left). Emigration of adherent, CFD ...
Australian Influenza - Department of Health
Australian Influenza - Department of Health

... remains at inter-seasonal levels. Across most regions of tropical Asia, activity has decreased, however in Sri Lanka and Viet Nam influenza activity associated with influenza A has continued to remain relatively high. In the temperate countries of South America and Southern Africa, influenza activit ...
CDC H1N1 Flu | Updated Interim Recommendations for the Use of
CDC H1N1 Flu | Updated Interim Recommendations for the Use of

... Persons 65 years and older are less likely to become ill with 2009 H1N1 influenza compared to younger persons. However, when persons aged 65 years or older acquire influenza, they are at higher risk for severe influenza-related complications. Preliminary studies suggest that people who are morbidly ...
How is Gallbladder Disease Treated?
How is Gallbladder Disease Treated?

... Gallstones are the most pressing of all gallbladder diseases. They develop when substances in the bile (such as cholesterol, bile salts, and calcium) form hard particles that block the passageway to the gallbladder. In addition, stones tend to form when the gallbladder doesn’t empty completely or of ...
Diarrhea - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney
Diarrhea - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney

... certain ingredients, such as lactose, the sugar found in milk and milk products. Some people may have diarrhea if they eat certain types of sugar substitutes in excessive quantities. • Reaction to medicines. Antibiotics, cancer drugs, and antacids containing magnesium can all cause diarrhea. Some p ...
NIH Public Access: Skin microbiota: a source of disease or defence?
NIH Public Access: Skin microbiota: a source of disease or defence?

... in which only one organism benefits while the other is harmed (parasitism, predation, ammensalism and competition), one organism benefits and no harm occurs to the other (commensalism) or both find benefit (mutualism and protoco-operation). Microbes found on the surface of the skin that are only ver ...
Morphology of autoimmune hepatitis - pathologie
Morphology of autoimmune hepatitis - pathologie

... Secondly, the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group supplemented these "Revised criteria for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis" with a "Revised scoring system for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis". In this scoring system, the previously mentioned parameters and individual deviations are scored w ...
December 2015 Vol. 16, No. 4 - Society for Applied Microbiology
December 2015 Vol. 16, No. 4 - Society for Applied Microbiology

... However, in this issue Lucy Goodchild van Hilten reminds us that in spite of everything, we are still facing deadly outbreaks that have a devastating impact on military and civilian populations with her article on the recent cholera outbreak in Iraq. We also hear from Steven Mahlen and David Craft w ...
Bloodborne Pathogens PowerPoint
Bloodborne Pathogens PowerPoint

... infection • 30-50% of infected children become chronic carriers • 1.4 million Americans have chronic HBV • More easily transmitted than HIV or HCV • Vaccine preventable ...
ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE
ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE

... laryngosc opy and removal with forceps. ...
PDF - Journal of Veterinary Science
PDF - Journal of Veterinary Science

... effective in terms of survival and laying rates for the production of egg yolk antibodies against B. bronchiseptica. However, bacterin was most effective in the case of P. multocida 4:D. Antibody titers reached a peak at 6-8 weeks in egg yolk, with 2 weeks in advance of titers in serum after the fir ...
National HIV/AIDS Clinical Care: A Reference Guide for
National HIV/AIDS Clinical Care: A Reference Guide for

... illness is longer in the case of HIV-2. It is widely believed that the HIV infection resulted from an animal to human (zoonotic) transmission of HIV-1 that is closely related to the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), which infects chimpanzees. HIV-2, which is prevalent in West Africa and has sprea ...
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Transmission (medicine)

In medicine and biology, transmission is the passing of a communicable disease from an infected host individual or group to a particular individual or group, regardless of whether the other individual was previously infected.The term usually refers to the transmission of microorganisms directly from one individual to another by one or more of the following means: droplet contact – coughing or sneezing on another individual direct physical contact – touching an infected individual, including sexual contact indirect physical contact – usually by touching soil contamination or a contaminated surface (fomite) airborne transmission – if the microorganism can remain in the air for long periods fecal-oral transmission – usually from unwashed hands, contaminated food or water sources due to lack of sanitation and hygiene, an important transmission route in pediatrics, veterinary medicine and developing countries.Transmission can also be indirect, via another organism, either a vector (e.g. a mosquito or fly) or an intermediate host (e.g. tapeworm in pigs can be transmitted to humans who ingest improperly cooked pork). Indirect transmission could involve zoonoses or, more typically, larger pathogens like macroparasites with more complex life cycles.
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