Immunology Basics 1 - 8 Oct 2015
... Jargon; humoral and cellular immune responses Structure and differential specificity of immunoglobulins B lymphocyte life cycle and function Blood transfusion compatibility as a classic example of antibodymediated immune response Indirect and direct Coombs tests Neonatal rhesus disease as a classic ...
... Jargon; humoral and cellular immune responses Structure and differential specificity of immunoglobulins B lymphocyte life cycle and function Blood transfusion compatibility as a classic example of antibodymediated immune response Indirect and direct Coombs tests Neonatal rhesus disease as a classic ...
allergies
... in the allergic response and improve other aspects of health. The Th1 helper cells are better able to fight bacteria and viruses and detect and destroy cancer cells; the Th2 helper cells are also implicated in many other diseases besides allergies, including asthma and some types of auto-immune dise ...
... in the allergic response and improve other aspects of health. The Th1 helper cells are better able to fight bacteria and viruses and detect and destroy cancer cells; the Th2 helper cells are also implicated in many other diseases besides allergies, including asthma and some types of auto-immune dise ...
test ch 12 body defenses
... 4. The process whereby leukocytes pass through the wall of a capillary is called ___________. 5. Lymphocytes that develop immunocompetence in the _________ are T cells. 6. The inflammatory response is considered the body’s ___________ line of defense. 7. The most numerous type of phagocyte is the___ ...
... 4. The process whereby leukocytes pass through the wall of a capillary is called ___________. 5. Lymphocytes that develop immunocompetence in the _________ are T cells. 6. The inflammatory response is considered the body’s ___________ line of defense. 7. The most numerous type of phagocyte is the___ ...
خود ایمنی
... • A patient is found to have a form of diabetes in which his immune system is destroying his pancreatic islet cells. Which is the most likely explanation for this disease state? A) The patient has an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. B) Immune complex formation and complement are the main contrib ...
... • A patient is found to have a form of diabetes in which his immune system is destroying his pancreatic islet cells. Which is the most likely explanation for this disease state? A) The patient has an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. B) Immune complex formation and complement are the main contrib ...
Document
... Autoimmunity may be benign or may be damaging to host An immune response against self antigen(s) that results in the destruction of host tissue or damage to the function of an organ or tissue constitutes autoimmune disease ...
... Autoimmunity may be benign or may be damaging to host An immune response against self antigen(s) that results in the destruction of host tissue or damage to the function of an organ or tissue constitutes autoimmune disease ...
Drugs to Treat Autoimmune Diseases
... similarities with host antigen and when an antibody is produced, it can bind to host antigen • Idiotype Cross Reaction- A cross reaction between the idiotype (molecule recognized by antigen) on an antiviral antibody and a host cell receptor for the virus in question • Cytokine Dysregulation- Certain ...
... similarities with host antigen and when an antibody is produced, it can bind to host antigen • Idiotype Cross Reaction- A cross reaction between the idiotype (molecule recognized by antigen) on an antiviral antibody and a host cell receptor for the virus in question • Cytokine Dysregulation- Certain ...
The Immune System The immune system allows the body to defend
... The immune system allows the body to defend against disease-causing agent. This system recognizes and destroys “foreign” substances, such as bacteria, fungi, protozoa, viruses, toxins and cancer cells. The body has two ways to defend against these substances nonspecific and specific resistance or im ...
... The immune system allows the body to defend against disease-causing agent. This system recognizes and destroys “foreign” substances, such as bacteria, fungi, protozoa, viruses, toxins and cancer cells. The body has two ways to defend against these substances nonspecific and specific resistance or im ...
Th17 Cells
... CD4 T cells play a key role in the functioning of a healthy immune system. They assist B cells to make antibodies, activate the microbe killing capacity of macrophages and recruit other immune cells to infected or inflamed areas of the body. These activities are orchestrated through their production ...
... CD4 T cells play a key role in the functioning of a healthy immune system. They assist B cells to make antibodies, activate the microbe killing capacity of macrophages and recruit other immune cells to infected or inflamed areas of the body. These activities are orchestrated through their production ...
Biology 2201
... Process of clonal selection explain why/how adaptive immune response act against any antigen. •Lymphocyte developed –with antigen receptor. •Then speciallized into B-cell receptor and T-cell receptor. •The receptor can react with specific epitopes of an antigen. •Each of receptor is different /iden ...
... Process of clonal selection explain why/how adaptive immune response act against any antigen. •Lymphocyte developed –with antigen receptor. •Then speciallized into B-cell receptor and T-cell receptor. •The receptor can react with specific epitopes of an antigen. •Each of receptor is different /iden ...
Secondary Immune Response
... Process of clonal selection explain why/how adaptive immune response act against any antigen. •Lymphocyte developed –with antigen receptor. •Then speciallized into B-cell receptor and T-cell receptor. •The receptor can react with specific epitopes of an antigen. •Each of receptor is different /iden ...
... Process of clonal selection explain why/how adaptive immune response act against any antigen. •Lymphocyte developed –with antigen receptor. •Then speciallized into B-cell receptor and T-cell receptor. •The receptor can react with specific epitopes of an antigen. •Each of receptor is different /iden ...
Non-Specific Defense
... Killer T cells destroy germs Alerted by helper T cells, killer T cells multiply and destroy the invading germs. Working together, our white blood cells can usually destroy invading germs. ...
... Killer T cells destroy germs Alerted by helper T cells, killer T cells multiply and destroy the invading germs. Working together, our white blood cells can usually destroy invading germs. ...
14antibodies
... following is the function of antibodies in the immune response? A.Antibodies produce antibiotics. B.Antibodies attach to antigens and attract phagocytes which engulf & destroy the antigen. C.Antibodies produce interferon. ...
... following is the function of antibodies in the immune response? A.Antibodies produce antibiotics. B.Antibodies attach to antigens and attract phagocytes which engulf & destroy the antigen. C.Antibodies produce interferon. ...
Lecture Notes: Immune System (Part I)
... 9. Infection granulomas are tumorlike growths containing macrophages infected by pathogens “hiding” within it surrounded by uninfected macrophages and an outer fibrous capsule. 10. Antimicrobial proteins i. attack microorganisms directly or inhibit their ability to reproduce ii. interferon a. differ ...
... 9. Infection granulomas are tumorlike growths containing macrophages infected by pathogens “hiding” within it surrounded by uninfected macrophages and an outer fibrous capsule. 10. Antimicrobial proteins i. attack microorganisms directly or inhibit their ability to reproduce ii. interferon a. differ ...
Immune System
... If they ever encounter that same pathogen again, they rapidly produce large amounts of antibodies that destroy the pathogen before they have a chance to cause the disease a second time ...
... If they ever encounter that same pathogen again, they rapidly produce large amounts of antibodies that destroy the pathogen before they have a chance to cause the disease a second time ...
Chapter 13 Physical Activity and the Immune System
... macrophages and dendritic cells under normal states, and (2) in response to inflammation signals, monocytes can move quickly (approx. 8–12 hours) to sites of infection in the tissues and divide/differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells to elicit an immune response. Half of them are stored i ...
... macrophages and dendritic cells under normal states, and (2) in response to inflammation signals, monocytes can move quickly (approx. 8–12 hours) to sites of infection in the tissues and divide/differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells to elicit an immune response. Half of them are stored i ...
RBI-205 LECTURE STUDY NOTES BLOOD VI. IMMUNITY A. 1
... Concept--if the antigen-antibody reaction occurs near tissue cells, rather than free in the blood or tissue fluid, there is a violent reaction which causes cellular destruction, releasing histamine and other substances which cause increased permeability to tissue fluids. This results in pooling of f ...
... Concept--if the antigen-antibody reaction occurs near tissue cells, rather than free in the blood or tissue fluid, there is a violent reaction which causes cellular destruction, releasing histamine and other substances which cause increased permeability to tissue fluids. This results in pooling of f ...
Nonspecific Defenses Against Infection
... 1) Explain what is meant by nonspecific defense and list the nonspecific lines of defense in the vertebrate body. 2) Distinguish between: a. innate and acquired immunity b. humoral and cell mediated immunity 3) Explain how the physical barrier of skin is reinforced by chemical defenses. 4) Define ph ...
... 1) Explain what is meant by nonspecific defense and list the nonspecific lines of defense in the vertebrate body. 2) Distinguish between: a. innate and acquired immunity b. humoral and cell mediated immunity 3) Explain how the physical barrier of skin is reinforced by chemical defenses. 4) Define ph ...
Immune system
The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue. In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity.Pathogens can rapidly evolve and adapt, and thereby avoid detection and neutralization by the immune system; however, multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system, in the form of enzymes that protect against bacteriophage infections. Other basic immune mechanisms evolved in ancient eukaryotes and remain in their modern descendants, such as plants and insects. These mechanisms include phagocytosis, antimicrobial peptides called defensins, and the complement system. Jawed vertebrates, including humans, have even more sophisticated defense mechanisms, including the ability to adapt over time to recognize specific pathogens more efficiently. Adaptive (or acquired) immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leading to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that same pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination.Disorders of the immune system can result in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer.Immunodeficiency occurs when the immune system is less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-threatening infections. In humans, immunodeficiency can either be the result of a genetic disease such as severe combined immunodeficiency, acquired conditions such as HIV/AIDS, or the use of immunosuppressive medication. In contrast, autoimmunity results from a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms. Common autoimmune diseases include Hashimoto's thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus type 1, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunology covers the study of all aspects of the immune system.