Nuclear Melatonin Receptors
... Key words: melatonin, orphan nuclear receptors, ROR/RZR, RORE hormone response elements, differentiation, regula tion, immune system, nervous system, lipid metabolism ...
... Key words: melatonin, orphan nuclear receptors, ROR/RZR, RORE hormone response elements, differentiation, regula tion, immune system, nervous system, lipid metabolism ...
Regulation of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony
... included as DNA competitors, but only partially inhibited when an unrelated competitor (X) was used. NFATp appeared to be the major protein contributing to NFATpk-like complexes with the GM430 probe in C 11STH and HUVE extracts as antibodies raised against either recombinant NFATp or toan NFATp pept ...
... included as DNA competitors, but only partially inhibited when an unrelated competitor (X) was used. NFATp appeared to be the major protein contributing to NFATpk-like complexes with the GM430 probe in C 11STH and HUVE extracts as antibodies raised against either recombinant NFATp or toan NFATp pept ...
INTERPLAY BETWEEN HELICOBACTER PYLORI AND THE
... neutrophils and monocytes to activate their inflammatory function (24). NAP activates both neutrophils and monocytes to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) by activating the plasma membrane NADPH. On the other hand, H. pylori to neutralize negative effects of ROS produces enzymes e.g. catalase and ...
... neutrophils and monocytes to activate their inflammatory function (24). NAP activates both neutrophils and monocytes to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) by activating the plasma membrane NADPH. On the other hand, H. pylori to neutralize negative effects of ROS produces enzymes e.g. catalase and ...
Body Systems Working Together
... pathogens out of the body by destroying them through enzymes or acids, or through competition with the good bacteria in our intestines • The immune cells are the last line of defense in killing pathogens when they get in. ...
... pathogens out of the body by destroying them through enzymes or acids, or through competition with the good bacteria in our intestines • The immune cells are the last line of defense in killing pathogens when they get in. ...
Body Systems Working Together
... pathogens out of the body by destroying them through enzymes or acids, or through competition with the good bacteria in our intestines • The immune cells are the last line of defense in killing pathogens when they get in. ...
... pathogens out of the body by destroying them through enzymes or acids, or through competition with the good bacteria in our intestines • The immune cells are the last line of defense in killing pathogens when they get in. ...
How does Salmonella evade the adaptive immune system? by
... following oral ingestion and penetration of the intestinal epithelium (M cells) via bacterial-mediated endocytosis. 22 •23 Bacteria must survive the acidic pH of the stomach, antimicrobial peptides produced by certain intestinal cells, a thick mucus layer and overcome the barrier caused by the endog ...
... following oral ingestion and penetration of the intestinal epithelium (M cells) via bacterial-mediated endocytosis. 22 •23 Bacteria must survive the acidic pH of the stomach, antimicrobial peptides produced by certain intestinal cells, a thick mucus layer and overcome the barrier caused by the endog ...
Asthma, inflammation and anti-inflammatory treatments: Controlling
... release of a broad range of soluble mediators. These soluble mediators are a form of longer range biochemical communication that sends signals to other immune cell types, causing them to respond in ways appropriate to the nature of the invader. This type of cell to cell communication is known as ‘pa ...
... release of a broad range of soluble mediators. These soluble mediators are a form of longer range biochemical communication that sends signals to other immune cell types, causing them to respond in ways appropriate to the nature of the invader. This type of cell to cell communication is known as ‘pa ...
Influence of congenital human cytomegalovirus infection and the
... trimester of gestation and may prevent congenital CMV disease [17]. Among other factors, fetal immune immaturity may determine the outcome of congenital infection [18, 19]. An effective defense against HCMV requires the participation of T and NK cells, and the virus has developed different immune ev ...
... trimester of gestation and may prevent congenital CMV disease [17]. Among other factors, fetal immune immaturity may determine the outcome of congenital infection [18, 19]. An effective defense against HCMV requires the participation of T and NK cells, and the virus has developed different immune ev ...
Protective influenza-specific CD8 T cell responses require
... in the lungs increases 3–4-fold from day 0 to 6 a.i. Our previous studies have demonstrated that a lethal dose of influenza virus infection induces rapid, but transient, DC migration from the lungs to the LN (6). Consistent with our previous work, rDC migration into the LN after a sublethal influenz ...
... in the lungs increases 3–4-fold from day 0 to 6 a.i. Our previous studies have demonstrated that a lethal dose of influenza virus infection induces rapid, but transient, DC migration from the lungs to the LN (6). Consistent with our previous work, rDC migration into the LN after a sublethal influenz ...
Introduction to Carbohydrates
... C. Second messenger systems - Hormones or neurotransmitters can be thought of as signals, & a receptor as a signal detector. Each component serves as a link in the communication b/w extracellular events & chemical changes within the cell - Many receptors signal their recognition of a bound ligand b ...
... C. Second messenger systems - Hormones or neurotransmitters can be thought of as signals, & a receptor as a signal detector. Each component serves as a link in the communication b/w extracellular events & chemical changes within the cell - Many receptors signal their recognition of a bound ligand b ...
Activation of the Cellular Immune Response in
... of our bodies and mucosal tissues, such as lung, airways, and gut the inside. Mucous tissues secrete fluids like tears, saliva, or mucus that contain compounds that restrict the growth of microorganisms. Moreover, mucosal tissues are colonized by immune cells. Two forms of immunity exist - the innat ...
... of our bodies and mucosal tissues, such as lung, airways, and gut the inside. Mucous tissues secrete fluids like tears, saliva, or mucus that contain compounds that restrict the growth of microorganisms. Moreover, mucosal tissues are colonized by immune cells. Two forms of immunity exist - the innat ...
Contribution of defined amino acid residues to the immunogenicity
... Fig. 1. Structure of fusion proteins. (A) The STh enterotoxin structure. The numbers in boldface above the boxes are the positions of the amino acid residues relative to the Pre-Pro-STh precursor. Only residues 46^53 of the Pro-STh region are shown. The numbers in boldface below boxes are the positi ...
... Fig. 1. Structure of fusion proteins. (A) The STh enterotoxin structure. The numbers in boldface above the boxes are the positions of the amino acid residues relative to the Pre-Pro-STh precursor. Only residues 46^53 of the Pro-STh region are shown. The numbers in boldface below boxes are the positi ...
Activation of a Nonclassical NKT Cell Subset in a Transgenic
... (NK cells) using sterile cell sorting and tested each subpopulation by adoptive transfer into HBV-Env-transgenic Rag⫺/⫺ recipients. Mice that received 1.2 ⫻ 106 NKT cells developed a severe hepatitis as evidenced by a large increase in serum ALT (2600% over baseline ALT; Figure 4B) and by histologic ...
... (NK cells) using sterile cell sorting and tested each subpopulation by adoptive transfer into HBV-Env-transgenic Rag⫺/⫺ recipients. Mice that received 1.2 ⫻ 106 NKT cells developed a severe hepatitis as evidenced by a large increase in serum ALT (2600% over baseline ALT; Figure 4B) and by histologic ...
Modulation of cellular innate immune responses by lactobacilli
... Many PRRs are part of a major family known as toll-like receptors (TLRs) present in multicellular organisms [3]. They are predominantly transmembrane proteins found on professional immune cells such as macrophages. These proteins have an extracellular portion able to bind certain invariant structure ...
... Many PRRs are part of a major family known as toll-like receptors (TLRs) present in multicellular organisms [3]. They are predominantly transmembrane proteins found on professional immune cells such as macrophages. These proteins have an extracellular portion able to bind certain invariant structure ...
JSAS 2013
... in genotype, phenotype and functionality, and are therefore characterized as uterine NK (uNK) cells. uNK cells display the potential capacity to interact with the fetal counterpart as they express receptors for nonclassical MHC class I molecules HLA-E and HLA-G expressed by trophoblast [20-22]. T re ...
... in genotype, phenotype and functionality, and are therefore characterized as uterine NK (uNK) cells. uNK cells display the potential capacity to interact with the fetal counterpart as they express receptors for nonclassical MHC class I molecules HLA-E and HLA-G expressed by trophoblast [20-22]. T re ...
Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV/CD26 in T Cell Activation - diss.fu
... Thus this protein is regarded as an activation marker for T, B and NK cells11. Some immunoregulative hormones and chemokines closely related to the immune function have been shown to be substrates of DPPIV/CD26. Among these substrates are substance P, neuropeptide Y, endomorphin-2, GLP-1, RANTES (re ...
... Thus this protein is regarded as an activation marker for T, B and NK cells11. Some immunoregulative hormones and chemokines closely related to the immune function have been shown to be substrates of DPPIV/CD26. Among these substrates are substance P, neuropeptide Y, endomorphin-2, GLP-1, RANTES (re ...
Helminths in the gastrointestinal tract as modulators of immunity and
... linked to the regulatory arm of the immune system (59,68,105,161). It is interesting to note ...
... linked to the regulatory arm of the immune system (59,68,105,161). It is interesting to note ...
Ocular Inflammation Animal Model Workshop
... We have described two environmental peptides mimicking a highly pathogenic epitope from retinal S-Antigen: one from rotavirus, a common pathogen causing gastroenteritis, the other from bovine milk as2casein, a frequent nutritional protein. In Lewis rats we can induce T cells crossreactive with mimo ...
... We have described two environmental peptides mimicking a highly pathogenic epitope from retinal S-Antigen: one from rotavirus, a common pathogen causing gastroenteritis, the other from bovine milk as2casein, a frequent nutritional protein. In Lewis rats we can induce T cells crossreactive with mimo ...
Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy in kidney transplantation
... Although MSCs exhibit great potential in most preclinical and clinical data, many questions remain to be resolved. Furthermore, the optimal source of MSCs, the optimal time window, dosage, route and frequency of MSC administration, post-transplantation safety and long-term prognosis have still not b ...
... Although MSCs exhibit great potential in most preclinical and clinical data, many questions remain to be resolved. Furthermore, the optimal source of MSCs, the optimal time window, dosage, route and frequency of MSC administration, post-transplantation safety and long-term prognosis have still not b ...
Immunological studies on Swine Influenza Virus in Massimiliano Baratelli
... Additionally, T cells epitopes were empirically identified. Proteins M1 and NP of a human IAV were selected as target and thus dissected by using overlapping peptides and functional methods (IFN and proliferation responses) until finding T cells epitopes. The tests were performed using cells from ...
... Additionally, T cells epitopes were empirically identified. Proteins M1 and NP of a human IAV were selected as target and thus dissected by using overlapping peptides and functional methods (IFN and proliferation responses) until finding T cells epitopes. The tests were performed using cells from ...
History of Immunology
... disease that the sick and the dying found most compassion. These knew what it was from experience, and had now no fear for themselves; for the same man was never attacked twice - never at least fatally” Resistance to re-infection-Immunity Department of Immunology ...
... disease that the sick and the dying found most compassion. These knew what it was from experience, and had now no fear for themselves; for the same man was never attacked twice - never at least fatally” Resistance to re-infection-Immunity Department of Immunology ...
Molecular Innate Immunity in Teleost Fish: Review and Future Perspectives
... teleost fish-specific. We also present some future perspectives on the basic study of fish immunology and the techniques that would help produce this knowledge, as well as the possible applications that could be generated for the improvement of aquacultural productivity. 2. Mammalian Innate Immune R ...
... teleost fish-specific. We also present some future perspectives on the basic study of fish immunology and the techniques that would help produce this knowledge, as well as the possible applications that could be generated for the improvement of aquacultural productivity. 2. Mammalian Innate Immune R ...
Polyclonal B cell response
Polyclonal B cell response is a natural mode of immune response exhibited by the adaptive immune system of mammals. It ensures that a single antigen is recognized and attacked through its overlapping parts, called epitopes, by multiple clones of B cell.In the course of normal immune response, parts of pathogens (e.g. bacteria) are recognized by the immune system as foreign (non-self), and eliminated or effectively neutralized to reduce their potential damage. Such a recognizable substance is called an antigen. The immune system may respond in multiple ways to an antigen; a key feature of this response is the production of antibodies by B cells (or B lymphocytes) involving an arm of the immune system known as humoral immunity. The antibodies are soluble and do not require direct cell-to-cell contact between the pathogen and the B-cell to function.Antigens can be large and complex substances, and any single antibody can only bind to a small, specific area on the antigen. Consequently, an effective immune response often involves the production of many different antibodies by many different B cells against the same antigen. Hence the term ""polyclonal"", which derives from the words poly, meaning many, and clones (""Klon""=Greek for sprout or twig); a clone is a group of cells arising from a common ""mother"" cell. The antibodies thus produced in a polyclonal response are known as polyclonal antibodies. The heterogeneous polyclonal antibodies are distinct from monoclonal antibody molecules, which are identical and react against a single epitope only, i.e., are more specific.Although the polyclonal response confers advantages on the immune system, in particular, greater probability of reacting against pathogens, it also increases chances of developing certain autoimmune diseases resulting from the reaction of the immune system against native molecules produced within the host.