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Lecture3 - Cell Mediated Immunity
Lecture3 - Cell Mediated Immunity

... Out come of T helper cell activation Memory T cells • Respond rapidly for many years after initial exposure to antigen • A large number of memory cells are produced so that the secondary response is greater than the primary • Memory cells live for many years and have the capacity to multiply • They ...
Document
Document

... 1. Structure and function of the immune system. Immune system’s cells morphology. 2. Adoptive and aquired immunity. Acquired or congenital defects of phagocytosis. Deficiencies of opsonins, chemotactic abilities, myeloperoxidase, and lysosomal enzyme activation. 3. Complement system. Classical pathw ...
Vertebrate Innate Immunity
Vertebrate Innate Immunity

... Any foreign molecule that elicits an acquired immune response is called an antigen. Antigens may be molecules that protrude from pathogens or other particles, such as viruses, bacteria, mold spores, pollen, house dust, or the cells surfaces of transplanted organs. When the immune system detects an a ...
Molecular and Cellular Immunology/Immunology
Molecular and Cellular Immunology/Immunology

Science Translational Medicine
Science Translational Medicine

... • Cells naturally perform therapeutic tasks • Cell behavior is exquisitely selective ...
Celularni imunski odgovor Aktivacija T limfocita
Celularni imunski odgovor Aktivacija T limfocita

... 2. Signal transduction in T cells is mediated by ...
Infectious Diseases
Infectious Diseases

Figure-17 This diagram illustrates the various effector mechanism
Figure-17 This diagram illustrates the various effector mechanism

Innate and Adaptive Immunity - Molecular and Cell Biology
Innate and Adaptive Immunity - Molecular and Cell Biology

... pIgA is endocytosed and delivered into vesicles targetted to the outer side of the cell (TRANSCYTOSIS). pIgA is then released by proteolysis of the receptor pIgR by a surface ...
Chapter 3. Antigens
Chapter 3. Antigens

... - IgA and IgM are secreted across epithelial surfaces - IgG, IgD and IgE can be found only within the body - in serum or lymph. - IgA and IgM are also found in serum and lymph BUT IN ADDITION can also be found in secretions such as mucous secretions, saliva and tears. - The IgA and IgM found in exte ...
10 Hypersensitivity.
10 Hypersensitivity.

... Antigen-IgE complexes form on a small scale, and not enough mediator is released to produce a major reaction. This permits the administration of a drug or foreign protein to a hypersensitive person, but hypersensitivity is restored days or weeks later. involves the long-term weekly administration of ...
Antibody Structure and B Cell Diversity
Antibody Structure and B Cell Diversity

... WHAT IS THE IMMUNOGLOBULIN SUPERFAMILY * Proteins with structural feature first defined in immunoglobulins * Characteristic structural feature * Sequence of Domains providing stable conformation ...
The Immune System
The Immune System

...  Inflammatory responses include a red, swollen, warm area and sometimes fever. 3. Immune Response- these cells can distinguish between different kinds of pathogens and react to each kind with a specific defense. ...
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...  Inflammatory responses include a red, swollen, warm area and sometimes fever. 3. Immune Response- these cells can distinguish between different kinds of pathogens and react to each kind with a specific defense. ...
macrophage - immunology.unideb.hu
macrophage - immunology.unideb.hu

... (lysosome), forming the phagolysosome. Specialized compartments also exist in the macrophage to promote antigen processing for presentation to antigenspecific T cells. ...
Antibodies
Antibodies

... IgM is the main immunoglobulin produced early in the primary response. It is present as a monomer on the surface of virtually all B cells, where it functions as an antigenbinding receptor. In serum, it is a pentamer composed of 5 H2L2 units plus one molecule of J (joining) chain. Because the pentame ...
Introduction_to_the_Human_Immune_System
Introduction_to_the_Human_Immune_System

... •Initial response to microbes (surveillance and detection of non-self) •Recognizes structures characteristic of microbial pathogens •Not on mammalian cells •Necessary for survival of microbe •Receptors are encoded in germline DNA •will also recognize stressed or injured tisssue ...
Chapter 16
Chapter 16

... This mechanism for activation is similar to the lock and key model used by enzymes and substrates. 29. Explain the function of plasma cells. Plasma cells are some of the newly formed members of the activated B cell’s clone. They make use of their DNA information and protein-synthesizing mechanism to ...
Presentation
Presentation

... – Not known why immune complex diseases develop in rare individuals after common infections ...
What causes an immune response and increase of
What causes an immune response and increase of

... between lytic and Lysogenic cycles in viruses? • Lytic is the shorter cycle that ends in cell ...
09Immunological Tolerance
09Immunological Tolerance

... A decline in Ag levels ultimately results in diminished clonal proliferation and a decline in further homuoral or cellmediated responses. ...
CNS Infections
CNS Infections

... Meningitidis, Klebsiella, Salmonella, ...
Lesson 13 Class Notes I. Pathogens A. Bad bacteria 1. Single
Lesson 13 Class Notes I. Pathogens A. Bad bacteria 1. Single

... 2. tissue fluid drains back into lymph vessels (now called lymph) 3. lymph filtered through lymph nodes and sent back to circulatory system B. Lymph nodes 1. Over five hundred in body; Less than an inch wide; Hard-working bean-shaped filters 2. Found everywhere but clusters in armpits, groin and nec ...
THE BODY`S DEFENSES
THE BODY`S DEFENSES

Lecture 7 Host Defense Against Infection
Lecture 7 Host Defense Against Infection

... Flushing action of tears which drain through the lacrimal duct and deposit bacteria in nasopharynx  Tears contain a high concentration of lysozyme (effective against gram positive microorganisms ...
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Polyclonal B cell response



Polyclonal B cell response is a natural mode of immune response exhibited by the adaptive immune system of mammals. It ensures that a single antigen is recognized and attacked through its overlapping parts, called epitopes, by multiple clones of B cell.In the course of normal immune response, parts of pathogens (e.g. bacteria) are recognized by the immune system as foreign (non-self), and eliminated or effectively neutralized to reduce their potential damage. Such a recognizable substance is called an antigen. The immune system may respond in multiple ways to an antigen; a key feature of this response is the production of antibodies by B cells (or B lymphocytes) involving an arm of the immune system known as humoral immunity. The antibodies are soluble and do not require direct cell-to-cell contact between the pathogen and the B-cell to function.Antigens can be large and complex substances, and any single antibody can only bind to a small, specific area on the antigen. Consequently, an effective immune response often involves the production of many different antibodies by many different B cells against the same antigen. Hence the term ""polyclonal"", which derives from the words poly, meaning many, and clones (""Klon""=Greek for sprout or twig); a clone is a group of cells arising from a common ""mother"" cell. The antibodies thus produced in a polyclonal response are known as polyclonal antibodies. The heterogeneous polyclonal antibodies are distinct from monoclonal antibody molecules, which are identical and react against a single epitope only, i.e., are more specific.Although the polyclonal response confers advantages on the immune system, in particular, greater probability of reacting against pathogens, it also increases chances of developing certain autoimmune diseases resulting from the reaction of the immune system against native molecules produced within the host.
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