• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Antigen
Antigen

... Innate Immune System Evasion by Pathogens • Some pathogens avoid destruction by modifying their surface to prevent recognition or by resisting breakdown following phagocytosis • Tuberculosis (TB) is one such disease and kills more than a million people a year – TB bacterium are resistant to the enz ...
Basic immunology - Karolinska Institutet
Basic immunology - Karolinska Institutet

... Learning outcomes : To understand basic principles of innate and adaptive immunity and how different components of the immune system cooperate.   To be able to relate, compare and understand experimental aspects of immune­related disease in a clinical perspective.   To adapt knowledge gained of the  ...
Immunogerontology Ed`s update
Immunogerontology Ed`s update

... some portion, generate a paper, and then maybe get hyped by media and/or charlatans. The fact that 90% of deaths from pneumonia occur in the elderly reflects the fact that pneumonia is the common pathway out of life in severe disability from most causes, the impaired ability of the elderly to protec ...
Activating and inhibitory receptors and their role in Natural Killer cell
Activating and inhibitory receptors and their role in Natural Killer cell

... using a monoclonal antibody (mAb) selected for its ability to activate rat NK cells20. Three highly related genes NKR-P1A, B and C have been identified in mice and rats. These genes display allelic polymorphism and the C57BL/6 and BALB/c allelic forms differ by 1-10%21. The prototype mouse NK cell a ...
Human Anatomy, First Edition McKinley&O`Loughlin
Human Anatomy, First Edition McKinley&O`Loughlin

... Some cells produce soluble proteins called antibodies. ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

...  Ablate the bone marrow and create space for donor cells.  Suppress the recipients immune system to prevent rejection and GVHD.  Augment the anti-tumor response. (graft-versusleukemia or graft-versus-tumor) ...
B Cells
B Cells

... • An antigen is any foreign molecule – That is specifically recognized by lymphocytes and elicits a response from them ...
Immune System - Biology Junction
Immune System - Biology Junction

... • An antigen is any foreign molecule – That is specifically recognized by lymphocytes and elicits a response from them ...
Chapter 1-3
Chapter 1-3

... 4. Properties of Biomolecules a. Biological macromlecules have a “sense” or directionality. b. Biological macromlecules are informational. c. Biomolecules have characteristic three-dimensional structure. d. Weak forces maintain biological structure and determine biomolecular interactions. e. Struct ...
Chromatography - Union College
Chromatography - Union College

... The goal of affinity chromatography is to separate all the molecules of a particular specificity from the whole gamut of molecules in a mixture such as a blood serum. For example, the antibodies in a serum sample specific for a particular antigenic determinant can be isolated by the use of affinity ...
Document
Document

... • 2% meiotic recombination rate generates population diversity •Crossover: Haplotypes, normally, are inherited intact and hence antigens encoded by different loci are inherited together (e.g., A2; B27; Cw2; DPw6; DQw9; DRw2). However, on occasions, there is crossing over between two parental chromos ...
Biology 1406 Quiz 2 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) When biologists
Biology 1406 Quiz 2 Multiple-Choice Questions 1) When biologists

... membrane and into the intermembrane space, the result is the A) formation of ATP. B) reduction of NAD+. C) restoration of the Na+/K+ balance across the membrane. D) creation of a proton-motive force. E) lowering of pH in the mitochondrial matrix. 48) It is possible to prepare vesicles from portions ...
Biomedical Treatments for Autism: A Review. Dr Wendy Edwards
Biomedical Treatments for Autism: A Review. Dr Wendy Edwards

... host while trying to fight the invader, or there is a misfire and the host is damaged along with invader. ...
panace@ 21.indd
panace@ 21.indd

... acrônimos usados com freqüência em Imunologia. 2a parte Glosario trilingüe (EN-PT-ES) de términos, abreviaturas y siglas usados con frecuencia en inmunología. 2.a parte Lúcia M. Singer* y Juan Manuel Igea** No artigo anteriora comentamos sobre a abrangência e o desenvolvimento da Imunologia, bem com ...
Read more - Alliance for Cancer Gene Therapy
Read more - Alliance for Cancer Gene Therapy

... along that investigators could easily try to make this happen. The solution, in principle, was to outfit T cells with genes that would give rise to a synthetic molecule (CAR) that could do two things at once: detect the selected antigen and activate the T  cell—even in the absence of the usual on si ...
021709.JFantone.TypesI.IV.Immunopathology
021709.JFantone.TypesI.IV.Immunopathology

... • The primary effector mediators released during Mast cell stimulation • The pathologic changes observed in tissues associated with anaphylactic hypersensitivity reactions • The modulatory role of eosinophils in these reactions • To correlate the effect of mediators on target organs with the clinica ...
DIET AND THE IMMUNE SYSTEM Professor Parveen Yaqoob 2010
DIET AND THE IMMUNE SYSTEM Professor Parveen Yaqoob 2010

... 9. Self-regulation is important because the immune system needs to know that it must stop when it has destroyed each foreign body and not continue otherwise it can cause damage to our own bodies. 10. The CD4 T cells are found in the blood and are important because they stop the HIV virus particles ...
Azacitidine - Aplastic Anemia and MDS International Foundation
Azacitidine - Aplastic Anemia and MDS International Foundation

... - Even patients in their 70’s can benefit from RIC transplant ...
Chapter 3 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE CELL
Chapter 3 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE CELL

... 1. Endocytosis: bulk uptake of material through the plasma membrane by formation of a vesicle. a. Phagocytosis: cell eating (1) ingestion of solid particles b. Pinocytosis: cell drinking (1) contain particle dissolved in liquid rather than particles. c. Endocytosis is specific (1) cell that phagocyt ...
The immune system and how vaccines work
The immune system and how vaccines work

Mimic in vivo-like Flow Conditions and Achieve Reliable
Mimic in vivo-like Flow Conditions and Achieve Reliable

Division in Response to Rechallenge Cutting Edge: Asymmetric
Division in Response to Rechallenge Cutting Edge: Asymmetric

... infected with LCMVarm. At 60+ days p.i., mice were rechallenged with LMgp33. At 42–46 h after rechallenge, Thy1.1+ cells were sorted from spleens. Cells were stained for CD3, IFN-gR, or CD25 (red), tubulin (green), and DNA (blue). In interphase blasts, CD3, IFN-gR, and CD25 localized to the same sid ...
Name_________________________________________
Name_________________________________________

... c) Regions of the two receptors that interact upon dimerization are drawn below. In parts (i iv) below, name the strongest type of interaction (choose from; hydrogen bond, ionic, covalent, van der Waals) that occurs between the side chains of the amino acids indicated. ...
8.3 - Patterns in Nature
8.3 - Patterns in Nature

... Cell Wall: Also found only in plant cells, this organelle surrounds the whole cell outside the cell membrane. It provides strength, protection, support and shape to the plant. Cell walls are non-living - they are made of a network of cellulose microfibrils cemented together in pectin and other subst ...
The Principles of Flow Cytometry
The Principles of Flow Cytometry

< 1 ... 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 ... 611 >

Polyclonal B cell response



Polyclonal B cell response is a natural mode of immune response exhibited by the adaptive immune system of mammals. It ensures that a single antigen is recognized and attacked through its overlapping parts, called epitopes, by multiple clones of B cell.In the course of normal immune response, parts of pathogens (e.g. bacteria) are recognized by the immune system as foreign (non-self), and eliminated or effectively neutralized to reduce their potential damage. Such a recognizable substance is called an antigen. The immune system may respond in multiple ways to an antigen; a key feature of this response is the production of antibodies by B cells (or B lymphocytes) involving an arm of the immune system known as humoral immunity. The antibodies are soluble and do not require direct cell-to-cell contact between the pathogen and the B-cell to function.Antigens can be large and complex substances, and any single antibody can only bind to a small, specific area on the antigen. Consequently, an effective immune response often involves the production of many different antibodies by many different B cells against the same antigen. Hence the term ""polyclonal"", which derives from the words poly, meaning many, and clones (""Klon""=Greek for sprout or twig); a clone is a group of cells arising from a common ""mother"" cell. The antibodies thus produced in a polyclonal response are known as polyclonal antibodies. The heterogeneous polyclonal antibodies are distinct from monoclonal antibody molecules, which are identical and react against a single epitope only, i.e., are more specific.Although the polyclonal response confers advantages on the immune system, in particular, greater probability of reacting against pathogens, it also increases chances of developing certain autoimmune diseases resulting from the reaction of the immune system against native molecules produced within the host.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report