Animal Models for ALI
... • LPS i.v. apoptosis of (capillary) endothelial cells • initial phase of leukopenia • ↓ cardiac output and ↓ arterial pressure • ↑ pulmonary arterial pressure due to ↑ resistance of postcapillary veins Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2008 Sep;295(3):L379-99. ...
... • LPS i.v. apoptosis of (capillary) endothelial cells • initial phase of leukopenia • ↓ cardiac output and ↓ arterial pressure • ↑ pulmonary arterial pressure due to ↑ resistance of postcapillary veins Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2008 Sep;295(3):L379-99. ...
Transgenic Plants in Therapeutically Valuable Protein Production
... thanks to the unique capability of single plant cells to regenerate into whole plants while keeping all the genetic features of the parent plant. In the transgenic plant, foreign genes are stably incorporated into the plant genome, transcribed and inherited in a Mendelian fashion (Vain et al. 2007). ...
... thanks to the unique capability of single plant cells to regenerate into whole plants while keeping all the genetic features of the parent plant. In the transgenic plant, foreign genes are stably incorporated into the plant genome, transcribed and inherited in a Mendelian fashion (Vain et al. 2007). ...
Immune complex formation in IgA nephropathy
... Why patients with IgAN have excess amounts of poorly galactosylated IgA1 Oglycoforms in their serum remains unknown. A number of explanations have been put forward, including an enzymatic defect in IgA1 O-glycosylation that is at least in part inherited.6 One alternative explanation is that poorly O ...
... Why patients with IgAN have excess amounts of poorly galactosylated IgA1 Oglycoforms in their serum remains unknown. A number of explanations have been put forward, including an enzymatic defect in IgA1 O-glycosylation that is at least in part inherited.6 One alternative explanation is that poorly O ...
On the Dynamics of Tumor Immune System Immunotherapy Alberto d’Onofrio
... Tumors are a family of high-mortality diseases, each different from the other, but all exhibiting a derangement of cellular proliferation that often leads to uncontrolled cell growth. Tumor cells (TCs) are characterized by a vast number of genetic and epigenetic events leading to the appearance of s ...
... Tumors are a family of high-mortality diseases, each different from the other, but all exhibiting a derangement of cellular proliferation that often leads to uncontrolled cell growth. Tumor cells (TCs) are characterized by a vast number of genetic and epigenetic events leading to the appearance of s ...
ImmunoJeopardy Introduction
... • The immune system responding to what is normally a harmless antigen ...
... • The immune system responding to what is normally a harmless antigen ...
How some mycoplasmas evade host immune responses. Microbe 2
... membranes of these wall-less bacteria. These requirements reflect their relative genomic simplicity. The 580-kb genome of Mycoplasma genitalium, for example, is comparable in size to that of a large virus. Nonetheless, this highly successful group containing both commensals and pathogens withstands ...
... membranes of these wall-less bacteria. These requirements reflect their relative genomic simplicity. The 580-kb genome of Mycoplasma genitalium, for example, is comparable in size to that of a large virus. Nonetheless, this highly successful group containing both commensals and pathogens withstands ...
Cloning of Murine gp91ph”” cDNA and Functional
... subunit of cytochrome b 5 5 8 , we have isooxidase) plays a central role in host defense, catalyzing lated a cDNA for the murine gp91Ph” using reverse tranthe transfer of electrons from NADPH to molecular oxygen scriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The encoded thereby generating the superox ...
... subunit of cytochrome b 5 5 8 , we have isooxidase) plays a central role in host defense, catalyzing lated a cDNA for the murine gp91Ph” using reverse tranthe transfer of electrons from NADPH to molecular oxygen scriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The encoded thereby generating the superox ...
Atypical MHC class II-expressing antigen
... adaptive immune response requires a second cell to select and expand those few T cell clones that express ‘useful’ antigen receptors. Ralph Steinman termed this quality ‘immunogenicity’ (REF. 145), and crucial work by McDevitt, Sela and Humphrey146–148 showed that immunogenicity required ‘immune res ...
... adaptive immune response requires a second cell to select and expand those few T cell clones that express ‘useful’ antigen receptors. Ralph Steinman termed this quality ‘immunogenicity’ (REF. 145), and crucial work by McDevitt, Sela and Humphrey146–148 showed that immunogenicity required ‘immune res ...
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Pathogenesis
... helper cells can then facilitate humoral and cellular immune responses against the invading pathogen. HIV-specific T cells interact with antigen-specific B cells on the border of lymphoid follicles in the cortex, and B cell proliferation results in follicular hyperplasia. This interaction results in ...
... helper cells can then facilitate humoral and cellular immune responses against the invading pathogen. HIV-specific T cells interact with antigen-specific B cells on the border of lymphoid follicles in the cortex, and B cell proliferation results in follicular hyperplasia. This interaction results in ...
TOLL-like receptors linking innate and adaptive immune response
... A key element in the initiation of an innate immune response against pathogens is the recognition of com- ...
... A key element in the initiation of an innate immune response against pathogens is the recognition of com- ...
Self Antigens Expressed by Solid Tumors Do Not Efficiently
... As a tumor-associated antigen, we introduced the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) glycoprotein (GP), also expressed under the control of the RIP (24). Like the RIP-Tag2 mice (23), these RIP-GP mice do not mount a spontaneous immune response against the transgenic product. However, in contra ...
... As a tumor-associated antigen, we introduced the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) glycoprotein (GP), also expressed under the control of the RIP (24). Like the RIP-Tag2 mice (23), these RIP-GP mice do not mount a spontaneous immune response against the transgenic product. However, in contra ...
Genetic variation in HLA and susceptibility to acute myeloid
... crucial role in the activity of natural killer cells, known to control tumour transformation and viral infection. The peptide binding groove of HLA class II proteins, only expressed on antigen presenting cells, carries a self or non-self peptide derived from proteins sourced from outside the cell by ...
... crucial role in the activity of natural killer cells, known to control tumour transformation and viral infection. The peptide binding groove of HLA class II proteins, only expressed on antigen presenting cells, carries a self or non-self peptide derived from proteins sourced from outside the cell by ...
Review IL-23 and IL-27
... an additional member of the long-chain fourhelix bundle cytokines, which we named p28, according to its apparent molar mass as determined by SDS-PAGE. p28 aligns well with the IL-6/IL-12 family, with the exception of a unique stretch of 13 glutamic-acid residues present in human and mouse p28, which ...
... an additional member of the long-chain fourhelix bundle cytokines, which we named p28, according to its apparent molar mass as determined by SDS-PAGE. p28 aligns well with the IL-6/IL-12 family, with the exception of a unique stretch of 13 glutamic-acid residues present in human and mouse p28, which ...
immune system
... Becker, Matthias and Helena Szczerbicka; A Simulation Model of Dictyostelium Discoideum for the Study of Evolutionary Selection Mechanisms. In Intern. Journal 'Cybernetics and Systems', Volume 42, No 2, pp.68-81 (14), Taylor and Francis, February 2011 ...
... Becker, Matthias and Helena Szczerbicka; A Simulation Model of Dictyostelium Discoideum for the Study of Evolutionary Selection Mechanisms. In Intern. Journal 'Cybernetics and Systems', Volume 42, No 2, pp.68-81 (14), Taylor and Francis, February 2011 ...
Cytokines
... The Complexity of Cytokine-Receptor Signaling and Effects What cytokine is being made? When is it being made? At what concentration? How long will it be around? Is it being modified by other proteins? Activated? Degraded? What other cytokines are being made? Do they affect the first cytokine? Do t ...
... The Complexity of Cytokine-Receptor Signaling and Effects What cytokine is being made? When is it being made? At what concentration? How long will it be around? Is it being modified by other proteins? Activated? Degraded? What other cytokines are being made? Do they affect the first cytokine? Do t ...
Lecture 14
... Hb Iwate His F8(87)a Tyr “black mouth disease Japan They have chocolate brown blood. Changes at the a1-b2 interface usually have lower Hill coefficients. Stabilize either the T or R state Polycythemia, a ruddy complexion Hb Yakima Asp G1(99)b His eliminates H-bonding that stabilizes the T form ...
... Hb Iwate His F8(87)a Tyr “black mouth disease Japan They have chocolate brown blood. Changes at the a1-b2 interface usually have lower Hill coefficients. Stabilize either the T or R state Polycythemia, a ruddy complexion Hb Yakima Asp G1(99)b His eliminates H-bonding that stabilizes the T form ...
Idera Pharmaceuticals Announces Cancer Immunotherapy Regimen
... such a difference include: whether results obtained in preclinical studies and clinical trials such as the preclinical data described in this release will be indicative of the results that will be generated in future clinical trials; whether products based on Idera’s technology will advance into o ...
... such a difference include: whether results obtained in preclinical studies and clinical trials such as the preclinical data described in this release will be indicative of the results that will be generated in future clinical trials; whether products based on Idera’s technology will advance into o ...
HIV-specific antibody- dependent cellular cytotoxicity
... Nef [51] , Pol [52] and Vpu [45] , as well as Env. Immune escape mutations within epitopes targeted by HIV-specific ADCC responses have been demonstrated, confirming their biological impact on HIV [53] . These mutations were not driven by CTL pressure, while sequencing of flanking regions and compar ...
... Nef [51] , Pol [52] and Vpu [45] , as well as Env. Immune escape mutations within epitopes targeted by HIV-specific ADCC responses have been demonstrated, confirming their biological impact on HIV [53] . These mutations were not driven by CTL pressure, while sequencing of flanking regions and compar ...
Clinical Toxicology Innate Immune System Research Article
... and macrophages in the adverse health effects of environmental and/ or industrial exposure to this metal. With respect to pro-oxidative activity, Freitas et al. (2010) reported that exposure of isolated human neutrophils to CdCl2 caused increases in the production of ROS, specifically O2 −, H2O2, an ...
... and macrophages in the adverse health effects of environmental and/ or industrial exposure to this metal. With respect to pro-oxidative activity, Freitas et al. (2010) reported that exposure of isolated human neutrophils to CdCl2 caused increases in the production of ROS, specifically O2 −, H2O2, an ...
Airway smooth muscle cells respond directly to inhaled
... Asthma was first described as a pathology of the airway smooth muscle since all asthma cases examined presented one unique pathology, an increased mass of airway smooth muscle bundles [23]. Today an increasing number of publications have provided evidence on both the clinical and experimental level ...
... Asthma was first described as a pathology of the airway smooth muscle since all asthma cases examined presented one unique pathology, an increased mass of airway smooth muscle bundles [23]. Today an increasing number of publications have provided evidence on both the clinical and experimental level ...
The plasmacytoid dendritic cell: at the cross-roads in asthma
... stromal cell antigen 2 (BST2/CD317) and CD11c. As with other antigen-presenting cells, pDCs can acquire and present antigens to T-lymphocytes, although they must first be licensed to do so, e.g. via pattern recognition receptor (PRR) activation [18, 19]. pDCs also provide help to T-lymphocytes throu ...
... stromal cell antigen 2 (BST2/CD317) and CD11c. As with other antigen-presenting cells, pDCs can acquire and present antigens to T-lymphocytes, although they must first be licensed to do so, e.g. via pattern recognition receptor (PRR) activation [18, 19]. pDCs also provide help to T-lymphocytes throu ...
Chapter 10 Blood Fall 2010
... • Erythrocytes contain highly specific proteins on their external surface which identify each of us as unique from all others • Proteins serve as antigens a substance that the body recognizes as foreign ...
... • Erythrocytes contain highly specific proteins on their external surface which identify each of us as unique from all others • Proteins serve as antigens a substance that the body recognizes as foreign ...
Polyclonal B cell response
Polyclonal B cell response is a natural mode of immune response exhibited by the adaptive immune system of mammals. It ensures that a single antigen is recognized and attacked through its overlapping parts, called epitopes, by multiple clones of B cell.In the course of normal immune response, parts of pathogens (e.g. bacteria) are recognized by the immune system as foreign (non-self), and eliminated or effectively neutralized to reduce their potential damage. Such a recognizable substance is called an antigen. The immune system may respond in multiple ways to an antigen; a key feature of this response is the production of antibodies by B cells (or B lymphocytes) involving an arm of the immune system known as humoral immunity. The antibodies are soluble and do not require direct cell-to-cell contact between the pathogen and the B-cell to function.Antigens can be large and complex substances, and any single antibody can only bind to a small, specific area on the antigen. Consequently, an effective immune response often involves the production of many different antibodies by many different B cells against the same antigen. Hence the term ""polyclonal"", which derives from the words poly, meaning many, and clones (""Klon""=Greek for sprout or twig); a clone is a group of cells arising from a common ""mother"" cell. The antibodies thus produced in a polyclonal response are known as polyclonal antibodies. The heterogeneous polyclonal antibodies are distinct from monoclonal antibody molecules, which are identical and react against a single epitope only, i.e., are more specific.Although the polyclonal response confers advantages on the immune system, in particular, greater probability of reacting against pathogens, it also increases chances of developing certain autoimmune diseases resulting from the reaction of the immune system against native molecules produced within the host.