Mendelian Genetics
... characteristics of pea plant that were expressed in one of two ways: • Seed shape, seed colour, pod shape, pod colour, flower colour, flower position on stem and stem length • Mendel’ experiments came before knowledge of chromosomes or genes and he referred to what would be later known as genes as f ...
... characteristics of pea plant that were expressed in one of two ways: • Seed shape, seed colour, pod shape, pod colour, flower colour, flower position on stem and stem length • Mendel’ experiments came before knowledge of chromosomes or genes and he referred to what would be later known as genes as f ...
march_20_lecture_7.2..
... Severe anemia--red blood cell lifetime reduced from 120 days to one week or a few days Growth failure because of anemia Splenomegaly--The fine capillaries of the spleen are normally repsonsible for removing damaged red blood cells from circulation; the massive numbers of damaged red blood cells fill ...
... Severe anemia--red blood cell lifetime reduced from 120 days to one week or a few days Growth failure because of anemia Splenomegaly--The fine capillaries of the spleen are normally repsonsible for removing damaged red blood cells from circulation; the massive numbers of damaged red blood cells fill ...
Mendelian Genetics - Austin Peay State University
... – There are 3 alleles which determine blood type IA, IB, or IO. This is referred to as having multiple alleles – Human blood types are designated as A, B or O. • Type A denotes having the A surface antigen, and is denoted by IA • Type B denotes having the B surface antigen, and is denoted by IB • Ty ...
... – There are 3 alleles which determine blood type IA, IB, or IO. This is referred to as having multiple alleles – Human blood types are designated as A, B or O. • Type A denotes having the A surface antigen, and is denoted by IA • Type B denotes having the B surface antigen, and is denoted by IB • Ty ...
Mendelian inheritance
... Mitosis: Used for growth and replacement of worn out cells. Creates new cells genetically identical to old ones. Meiosis: Used for reproduction. Creates gametes (sex cells): either sperm or egg ce ...
... Mitosis: Used for growth and replacement of worn out cells. Creates new cells genetically identical to old ones. Meiosis: Used for reproduction. Creates gametes (sex cells): either sperm or egg ce ...
- SGTB Khalsa College
... cells, substances and processes involved in endogenous or cytosolic pathway of antigen presentation Understanding of the cells, substances... .... and processes involved in exogenous or endocytic pathway of antigen presentation. Summary of chapter and linkage with concepts learnt earlier ...
... cells, substances and processes involved in endogenous or cytosolic pathway of antigen presentation Understanding of the cells, substances... .... and processes involved in exogenous or endocytic pathway of antigen presentation. Summary of chapter and linkage with concepts learnt earlier ...
EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS (Genome 453) Homework 6 KEY
... advantages. In the short term, it will not break up good allele combinations via recombination, so a good overall genome will be reproduced instead of reshuffled. In the longer term, it can fix heterozygote genotypes, which will help with overdominant loci. (If Planet Clone has malaria, the populati ...
... advantages. In the short term, it will not break up good allele combinations via recombination, so a good overall genome will be reproduced instead of reshuffled. In the longer term, it can fix heterozygote genotypes, which will help with overdominant loci. (If Planet Clone has malaria, the populati ...
Variation and Inheritance – Revision Pack (B1) Inherited
... Homozygous means having the same alleles (e.g. bb), while heterozygous means having different alleles (e.g. Bb). A genotype is the person’s genetic makeup, for example if they had blue eyes, their genotype would be bb. A phonotype is how this is actually seen as a characteristic, or which alleles ar ...
... Homozygous means having the same alleles (e.g. bb), while heterozygous means having different alleles (e.g. Bb). A genotype is the person’s genetic makeup, for example if they had blue eyes, their genotype would be bb. A phonotype is how this is actually seen as a characteristic, or which alleles ar ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Atypical Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
... Serological typing is used to identify which ...
... Serological typing is used to identify which ...
Chapter 1 The Framework of Biology
... Mendelian inheritance governs some human traits. Some human traits are passed from parent to offspring through the dominant/recessive inheritance pattern. 10.4 More complex patterns of inheritance are an extension of Mendel's basic rules. Other types of inheritance patterns have been discovered sin ...
... Mendelian inheritance governs some human traits. Some human traits are passed from parent to offspring through the dominant/recessive inheritance pattern. 10.4 More complex patterns of inheritance are an extension of Mendel's basic rules. Other types of inheritance patterns have been discovered sin ...
Mendel`s Work - Chapter 4 Section 1 Directions: READ pages 110
... 4. What trait or traits did the plants in F1 generation exhibit? Both Tall 5. When you think of the traits of the parent plants, why is this result surprising? If half comes from each parent then why did shortness get hidden? Why didn’t the offspring become medium? 6. Contrast the offspring in F1 ge ...
... 4. What trait or traits did the plants in F1 generation exhibit? Both Tall 5. When you think of the traits of the parent plants, why is this result surprising? If half comes from each parent then why did shortness get hidden? Why didn’t the offspring become medium? 6. Contrast the offspring in F1 ge ...
Ch 14 Review Questions
... example). By observing the phenotypes of the offspring resulting from this cross, we can deduce the genotype of the purple-flowered parent.” If the parent was homozygous dominant, none of the offspring will have the recessive phenotype. If the parent was heterozygous, there is a 50% chance of offspr ...
... example). By observing the phenotypes of the offspring resulting from this cross, we can deduce the genotype of the purple-flowered parent.” If the parent was homozygous dominant, none of the offspring will have the recessive phenotype. If the parent was heterozygous, there is a 50% chance of offspr ...
interaction of tcr with mhc and antigen
... adaptive immune response -- the immunoglobulins (Ig) and the T-cell antigen receptors (TCR). Characteristic features of Ig and TCR are: (1) diversity and heterogeneity, (2) gene rearrangements. The Ig, or antibodies, are produced by B lymphocytes and are found associated with the globulin fraction o ...
... adaptive immune response -- the immunoglobulins (Ig) and the T-cell antigen receptors (TCR). Characteristic features of Ig and TCR are: (1) diversity and heterogeneity, (2) gene rearrangements. The Ig, or antibodies, are produced by B lymphocytes and are found associated with the globulin fraction o ...
Document
... and reject grafts from one another – Human MHC: HLA (human leukocyte antigens) MHC molecules are the peptide display molecules of the immune system Different alleles of MHC molecules bind and display distinct but overlapping sets of peptides – Determines which protein antigens are recognized in diff ...
... and reject grafts from one another – Human MHC: HLA (human leukocyte antigens) MHC molecules are the peptide display molecules of the immune system Different alleles of MHC molecules bind and display distinct but overlapping sets of peptides – Determines which protein antigens are recognized in diff ...
Why peas? - MSU Billings
... 2. Mendel’s Principle of Segregation Gametes can only receive one of two alleles. 3. Mendel’s Principle of Dominance One factor can be preferentially expressed 4. Not all factors are identical for a given trait. Alleles can be different Homozygous or Heterozygous combinations 5. Alleles do not influ ...
... 2. Mendel’s Principle of Segregation Gametes can only receive one of two alleles. 3. Mendel’s Principle of Dominance One factor can be preferentially expressed 4. Not all factors are identical for a given trait. Alleles can be different Homozygous or Heterozygous combinations 5. Alleles do not influ ...
Document
... and reject grafts from one another – Human MHC: HLA (human leukocyte antigens) MHC molecules are the peptide display molecules of the immune system Different alleles of MHC molecules bind and display distinct but overlapping sets of peptides – Determines which protein antigens are recognized in diff ...
... and reject grafts from one another – Human MHC: HLA (human leukocyte antigens) MHC molecules are the peptide display molecules of the immune system Different alleles of MHC molecules bind and display distinct but overlapping sets of peptides – Determines which protein antigens are recognized in diff ...
MHC
... • Fold around the peptide to increase stability of the complex •The captured peptides contribute to the stabilization of the complex • Use a small number of anchor residues to tether the peptide - this allows different sequences between anchors and different lengths of peptides ...
... • Fold around the peptide to increase stability of the complex •The captured peptides contribute to the stabilization of the complex • Use a small number of anchor residues to tether the peptide - this allows different sequences between anchors and different lengths of peptides ...
Poster back - Australian Academy of Science
... complex (altered self). When a T-cell receptor locks into a viral-MHC antigen complex, the killer T-cell releases molecules that penetrate the infected cell and kill it. This shuts down the virus factory. Receptors on killer T-cells are unique because they are specific for both the viral antigen and ...
... complex (altered self). When a T-cell receptor locks into a viral-MHC antigen complex, the killer T-cell releases molecules that penetrate the infected cell and kill it. This shuts down the virus factory. Receptors on killer T-cells are unique because they are specific for both the viral antigen and ...
Genetics 2 - MaxSkyFan
... A blood to a person with blood type A, type O could also be used. • Why? Because there are no blood sugars in type O blood that the type A person’s body hasn’t seen. • Therefore, type O is called the universal donor and type AB is the universal recipient. ...
... A blood to a person with blood type A, type O could also be used. • Why? Because there are no blood sugars in type O blood that the type A person’s body hasn’t seen. • Therefore, type O is called the universal donor and type AB is the universal recipient. ...
Ch8IntrotoGenetics
... 1/8 chance it will be heads all 3 times (½x½x½) The pattern in which alleles segregate ...
... 1/8 chance it will be heads all 3 times (½x½x½) The pattern in which alleles segregate ...
Document
... The locus of some genes is on the sex chromosome. The gene is only present on the X chromosome because the Y chromosome has a different structure. Females have 2 copies of these genes but males only have one since females have two X chromosomes. The ratio of males and females with particular phenoty ...
... The locus of some genes is on the sex chromosome. The gene is only present on the X chromosome because the Y chromosome has a different structure. Females have 2 copies of these genes but males only have one since females have two X chromosomes. The ratio of males and females with particular phenoty ...
Punnett Squares
... brown cow and the resulting offspring are spotted brown and white (called roan). ...
... brown cow and the resulting offspring are spotted brown and white (called roan). ...
Punnett Squares
... exist (IA, IB, and i), which results in four different possible blood types 3. Hair Color – Too many alleles exist to count ...
... exist (IA, IB, and i), which results in four different possible blood types 3. Hair Color – Too many alleles exist to count ...
Punnett Squares Punnett-Square
... exist (IA, IB, and i), which results in four different possible blood types 3. Hair Color – Too many alleles exist to count ...
... exist (IA, IB, and i), which results in four different possible blood types 3. Hair Color – Too many alleles exist to count ...
Mendel`s Theory
... “heritable factors” for each trait – one from each parent. When gametes form, only one of the two factors for each trait is given to a gamete. When gametes fuse during fertilization, the resulting offspring has two factors for each trait. ...
... “heritable factors” for each trait – one from each parent. When gametes form, only one of the two factors for each trait is given to a gamete. When gametes fuse during fertilization, the resulting offspring has two factors for each trait. ...
Human leukocyte antigen
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is the locus of genes that encode for proteins on the surface of cells that are responsible for regulation of the immune system in humans. This group of genes resides on chromosome 6 (exception: the gene for β2-microglobulin which is located on chromosome 15), and encodes cell-surface antigen-presenting proteins and has many other functions. The HLA genes are the human versions of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes that are found in most vertebrates (and thus are the most studied of the MHC genes). The proteins encoded by certain genes are also known as antigens, as a result of their historic discovery as factors in organ transplants. The major HLAs are essential elements for immune function. Different classes have different functions:HLAs corresponding to MHC class I (A, B, and C) present peptides from inside the cell. For example, if the cell is infected by a virus, the HLA system brings fragments of the virus to the surface of the cell so that the cell can be destroyed by the immune system. These peptides are produced from digested proteins that are broken down in the proteasomes. In general, these particular peptides are small polymers, about 9 amino acids in length. Foreign antigens presented by MHC class I attract killer T-cells (also called CD8 positive- or cytotoxic T-cells) that destroy cells.HLAs corresponding to MHC class II (DP, DM, DOA, DOB, DQ, and DR) present antigens from outside of the cell to T-lymphocytes. These particular antigens stimulate the multiplication of T-helper cells, which in turn stimulate antibody-producing B-cells to produce antibodies to that specific antigen. Self-antigens are suppressed by regulatory T cells.HLAs corresponding to MHC class III encode components of the complement system.HLAs have other roles. They are important in disease defense. They are the major cause of organ transplant rejections. They may protect against or fail to protect (if down-regulated by an infection) against cancers. Mutations in HLA may be linked to autoimmune disease (examples: type I diabetes, coeliac disease). HLA may also be related to people's perception of the odor of other people, and may be involved in mate selection, as at least one study found a lower-than-expected rate of HLA similarity between spouses in an isolated community.Aside from the genes encoding the 6 major antigen-presenting proteins, there are a large number of other genes, many involved in immune function, located on the HLA complex. Diversity of HLAs in the human population is one aspect of disease defense, and, as a result, the chance of two unrelated individuals with identical HLA molecules on all loci is very low. HLA genes have historically been identified as a result of the ability to successfully transplant organs between HLA-similar individuals.