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IDENTICAL PEPTIDES RECOGNIZED BY MHC CLASS I
... responses. Because CD4+ T cells are class II restricted, these results provided further evidence that the previously defined class I-restricted peptides also generated a class II-restricted T cell response. Concordant results were obtained when lymph node cells were analyzed for IL-2 secretion (not ...
... responses. Because CD4+ T cells are class II restricted, these results provided further evidence that the previously defined class I-restricted peptides also generated a class II-restricted T cell response. Concordant results were obtained when lymph node cells were analyzed for IL-2 secretion (not ...
Module 1: Overview of HIV Infection
... Our blood contains white and red blood cells. Normally the white cells fight off and kill any germs which enter our bodies. They do this by eating up the germs and by producing chemicals called antibodies which kill them. In this way our bodies fight off many different germs and we stay healthy. Som ...
... Our blood contains white and red blood cells. Normally the white cells fight off and kill any germs which enter our bodies. They do this by eating up the germs and by producing chemicals called antibodies which kill them. In this way our bodies fight off many different germs and we stay healthy. Som ...
CARMA1 Is Critical for the Development of Allergic Airway
... Abbreviations used in this paper: IKK, IB kinase; BAC, bacterial artificial chromosome; AHR, airway hyperresponsiveness; BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; PAS, periodic acid-Schiff. ...
... Abbreviations used in this paper: IKK, IB kinase; BAC, bacterial artificial chromosome; AHR, airway hyperresponsiveness; BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; PAS, periodic acid-Schiff. ...
Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone and Its Structurally Related
... appears that these cultured mast cells may be one of the richest sources of CRH and Ucn reported to date; however, the recent advances in assay sensitivity makes difficult to make direct comparisons with older reports and such advances may account for the different levels reported. Moreover, our con ...
... appears that these cultured mast cells may be one of the richest sources of CRH and Ucn reported to date; however, the recent advances in assay sensitivity makes difficult to make direct comparisons with older reports and such advances may account for the different levels reported. Moreover, our con ...
A minimum of two distinct heritable factors are required to explain
... death is the adaptive immune response mounted by both T and B lymphocytes. At its core is the clonal expansion of lymphocytes of given specificity due to the appearance of antigen. During this response, B and T-cell populations undergo a characteristic three phase process: expansion through a series ...
... death is the adaptive immune response mounted by both T and B lymphocytes. At its core is the clonal expansion of lymphocytes of given specificity due to the appearance of antigen. During this response, B and T-cell populations undergo a characteristic three phase process: expansion through a series ...
Data and Results Graduate Physical and Life Sciences PhD Pharmacology
... modulates dopamine transporter function and dopamine neuron firing rates. Newly-developed compounds that specifically target TAAR1 have recently been investigated in animal models as candidate therapeutics for methamphetamine, cocaine and alcohol abuse. These studies involving classic behavioral mea ...
... modulates dopamine transporter function and dopamine neuron firing rates. Newly-developed compounds that specifically target TAAR1 have recently been investigated in animal models as candidate therapeutics for methamphetamine, cocaine and alcohol abuse. These studies involving classic behavioral mea ...
The Glutasyn Story
... to this fundamental “reducing” agent in the body. Many scientists now use GSH levels as a general measure of oxidative stress. For instance, when GSH quenches a radical, it typically oxidizes to GSSG (glutathione disulfide). The measurement of the oxidative balance of a cell or a cellular process is ...
... to this fundamental “reducing” agent in the body. Many scientists now use GSH levels as a general measure of oxidative stress. For instance, when GSH quenches a radical, it typically oxidizes to GSSG (glutathione disulfide). The measurement of the oxidative balance of a cell or a cellular process is ...
Human Lymphatic Filariasis Cells Is Associated with Clinical
... and experimental autoimmune encephalitis (3, 7, 20); however, IL-9 has also been shown to participate in peripheral tolerance by increasing the survival and activity of regulatory T cells (21). Therefore, it is still unclear whether IL-9 mediates proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory activity. Becaus ...
... and experimental autoimmune encephalitis (3, 7, 20); however, IL-9 has also been shown to participate in peripheral tolerance by increasing the survival and activity of regulatory T cells (21). Therefore, it is still unclear whether IL-9 mediates proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory activity. Becaus ...
Molecular profiling of breast cancer cell lines containing amplified
... The 22 distinct FGFs vary in size from 17-34kDa but all share a conserved sequence of 120 amino acids (Eswarakumar et al. 2005). During embryonic development they are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. Loss of a single FGF has been shown by homologous recombination to usu ...
... The 22 distinct FGFs vary in size from 17-34kDa but all share a conserved sequence of 120 amino acids (Eswarakumar et al. 2005). During embryonic development they are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. Loss of a single FGF has been shown by homologous recombination to usu ...
Do bacteria have a role in asthma development? EDITORIAL
... exacerbations [9]. However, there are conflicting data from other studies. Therefore, GRAHAM et al. [10] concluded that there was insufficient evidence to favour treatment of acute asthma episodes with antibiotics. In addition, for the therapy of chronic asthma, treatment with macrolides has not con ...
... exacerbations [9]. However, there are conflicting data from other studies. Therefore, GRAHAM et al. [10] concluded that there was insufficient evidence to favour treatment of acute asthma episodes with antibiotics. In addition, for the therapy of chronic asthma, treatment with macrolides has not con ...
Vaccines Learning Module | Vaccine Education Center
... 1998 in the Lancet by Andrew Wakefield and colleagues at Royal Free Hospital and School of Medicine in London suggested that childhood vaccines might cause some cases of autism. ...
... 1998 in the Lancet by Andrew Wakefield and colleagues at Royal Free Hospital and School of Medicine in London suggested that childhood vaccines might cause some cases of autism. ...
roles in innate immune receptors: host - pathogen
... later adaptive immune responses. This knowledge can lead to new approaches for treatment of diseases and autoimmunity, and the development of new vaccines. Vaccines are among the greatest inventions in medical history. However traditional vaccine approaches, such as live attenuated or inactivated vi ...
... later adaptive immune responses. This knowledge can lead to new approaches for treatment of diseases and autoimmunity, and the development of new vaccines. Vaccines are among the greatest inventions in medical history. However traditional vaccine approaches, such as live attenuated or inactivated vi ...
Yersinia enterocolitica immunodominant 60 kDa antigen, common to a
... lymphocytes from chronic arthritis patients who were HLA-B27-posit i ve reacted with anti-K . pneumoniae antibodies. These findings suggest that the broadly conserved bacterial 60-65 kDa antigens such as CA, CRPA and mycobacterial65 kDa protein may play a role in the development of auto-immune disea ...
... lymphocytes from chronic arthritis patients who were HLA-B27-posit i ve reacted with anti-K . pneumoniae antibodies. These findings suggest that the broadly conserved bacterial 60-65 kDa antigens such as CA, CRPA and mycobacterial65 kDa protein may play a role in the development of auto-immune disea ...
Garcia 1..9
... proof of concept that would justify further investigation of new candidate therapeutic immunization approaches. Autologous myeloid dendritic cells (DCs), such as monocyte-derived DCs (MD-DCs) (5), pulsed ex vivo with a variety of inactivated pathogens and tumor antigens, have been shown to induce a ...
... proof of concept that would justify further investigation of new candidate therapeutic immunization approaches. Autologous myeloid dendritic cells (DCs), such as monocyte-derived DCs (MD-DCs) (5), pulsed ex vivo with a variety of inactivated pathogens and tumor antigens, have been shown to induce a ...
Biased to Th2 Secondary Responses Primary Effector Responses In
... to primary stimulation in vitro (5, 6). Thus, neonatal T cells appeared to be heavily biased toward Th2 responses in vitro. Subsequent reports indicated that the skewing to Th2 responses seen in vitro may accurately reflect the activities of neonatal T cells in vivo. First, there is convincing evide ...
... to primary stimulation in vitro (5, 6). Thus, neonatal T cells appeared to be heavily biased toward Th2 responses in vitro. Subsequent reports indicated that the skewing to Th2 responses seen in vitro may accurately reflect the activities of neonatal T cells in vivo. First, there is convincing evide ...
An Immune System Perspective on Ecosystem Management
... type of pathogen, which it accomplishes by replicating cells that are capable of this. If the pathogen invades the body again, the response is more rapid and effective. However, this depends on the response being remembered. The immune system has only a limited capacity for remembering successful re ...
... type of pathogen, which it accomplishes by replicating cells that are capable of this. If the pathogen invades the body again, the response is more rapid and effective. However, this depends on the response being remembered. The immune system has only a limited capacity for remembering successful re ...
- Future Medicine
... identify a relationship between viral replication, immune activation and non-AIDS events, and several substudies of SMART have identified multiple biomarkers that are associated with non-AIDS events [49–53] and mortality [54] . C-reactive protein, generally measured using a high-sensitivity assay an ...
... identify a relationship between viral replication, immune activation and non-AIDS events, and several substudies of SMART have identified multiple biomarkers that are associated with non-AIDS events [49–53] and mortality [54] . C-reactive protein, generally measured using a high-sensitivity assay an ...
The effect of induced hyperthermia on the
... lymphocyte subpopulations as determined in chromium release assays with appropriate target cells (Shen et al., 1994). Again, heat shock proteins seem to play an important role during these processes. Immunological features of heat shock proteins Besides their above-mentioned chaperoning function, HS ...
... lymphocyte subpopulations as determined in chromium release assays with appropriate target cells (Shen et al., 1994). Again, heat shock proteins seem to play an important role during these processes. Immunological features of heat shock proteins Besides their above-mentioned chaperoning function, HS ...
Apoptosis characterizes immunological failure of HIV infected patients
... Among a general population of HIV infected patients starting a new therapy, some individuals will eventually undergo a so-called immunological failure. The main contribution of this paper is ti predict such failures based on the identification of an apoptosis parameter. Immunological failure is cli ...
... Among a general population of HIV infected patients starting a new therapy, some individuals will eventually undergo a so-called immunological failure. The main contribution of this paper is ti predict such failures based on the identification of an apoptosis parameter. Immunological failure is cli ...
Document
... 11]. CRP recognizes additional pathogens, including fungi, yeasts, and bacteria, thus promoting phagocytosis and resistance to infection [24]. According to this, CRP transgenic mice are resistant to infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae, displaying longer survival time and lower mortality rate tha ...
... 11]. CRP recognizes additional pathogens, including fungi, yeasts, and bacteria, thus promoting phagocytosis and resistance to infection [24]. According to this, CRP transgenic mice are resistant to infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae, displaying longer survival time and lower mortality rate tha ...
Transfusion Support Issues in Hematopoietic Stem Cell
... anemia, hemoglobinopathies) is capable of mounting an immune response to transfusions, leading to alloimmunization against platelet antigens, HLAs present on the surface of leukocytes and platelets, or both. Antibodies against HLA contribute to delayed engraftment and graft rejection in some patient ...
... anemia, hemoglobinopathies) is capable of mounting an immune response to transfusions, leading to alloimmunization against platelet antigens, HLAs present on the surface of leukocytes and platelets, or both. Antibodies against HLA contribute to delayed engraftment and graft rejection in some patient ...
Cancer immunotherapy
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Peptide_bound_to_Rituximab_FAB.png?width=300)
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.