Oxidative stress, the metabolic syndrome and autoimmune disease
... Figure 1. Pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular complications. This schematic proposes that the development of microvascular complications begins early in the course of diabetes, well before clinical diabetes is detected. Certain genetic characteristics or polymorphisms (Apo E4, Aldose reductase, ...
... Figure 1. Pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular complications. This schematic proposes that the development of microvascular complications begins early in the course of diabetes, well before clinical diabetes is detected. Certain genetic characteristics or polymorphisms (Apo E4, Aldose reductase, ...
1986 Hohenboken et al.: Inheritance of active and passive humoral
... mechanisms (to be discussed). The lymphokine interferon acts to inhibit viral replication and has been implicated as a suppressor of cancer growth (Pestka, J983). Humorai Immunity - ...
... mechanisms (to be discussed). The lymphokine interferon acts to inhibit viral replication and has been implicated as a suppressor of cancer growth (Pestka, J983). Humorai Immunity - ...
REVIEWS
... In 1975, the discovery of a method to produce MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES (mAbs) by immortalizing B cells, which developed into HYBRIDOMA TECHNOLOGY, revolutionized antibody therapeutics6. For the first time, it was possible to produce large quantities of an immunoglobulin of a defined specificity and a s ...
... In 1975, the discovery of a method to produce MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES (mAbs) by immortalizing B cells, which developed into HYBRIDOMA TECHNOLOGY, revolutionized antibody therapeutics6. For the first time, it was possible to produce large quantities of an immunoglobulin of a defined specificity and a s ...
Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy
... speculate as to the existence of a continuous battle between the immune system and occult tumor cells. In this scenario, tumor progression could be a consequence of a compromised immune system or could be due to tumor escape mechanisms. Tumor cells can downregulate or completely lose expression of t ...
... speculate as to the existence of a continuous battle between the immune system and occult tumor cells. In this scenario, tumor progression could be a consequence of a compromised immune system or could be due to tumor escape mechanisms. Tumor cells can downregulate or completely lose expression of t ...
Blood Cells - Dr Magrann
... This region is known as the hypervariable region. Each of these variants can bind to a different target, known as an antigen. This huge diversity of antibodies allows the immune system to recognize an equally wide diversity of antigens. IMMUNITY: B Cells that have matured into plasma cells whi ...
... This region is known as the hypervariable region. Each of these variants can bind to a different target, known as an antigen. This huge diversity of antibodies allows the immune system to recognize an equally wide diversity of antigens. IMMUNITY: B Cells that have matured into plasma cells whi ...
chapter 11 cell-mediated immunity and mhc
... The I-region encodes Class II molecules. Class II molecules of the MHC are expressed only on some cells, and are required for the process of antigen presentation to "helper" T-cell (discussed in Chapters 12 and 15). In mice these antigens are referred to as Ia antigens (for "I-region Antigens"), a t ...
... The I-region encodes Class II molecules. Class II molecules of the MHC are expressed only on some cells, and are required for the process of antigen presentation to "helper" T-cell (discussed in Chapters 12 and 15). In mice these antigens are referred to as Ia antigens (for "I-region Antigens"), a t ...
Immunology Review – Quiz 1
... o Innate system recognizes molecule patterns common to microbes o Adaptive system recognizes specific antigens on a microbe o Protein, lipid, carb, na o Ig binds to native antigen (how it is in nature) o Must be unique enough to induce immune response o Often several diff antigenic determinants (epi ...
... o Innate system recognizes molecule patterns common to microbes o Adaptive system recognizes specific antigens on a microbe o Protein, lipid, carb, na o Ig binds to native antigen (how it is in nature) o Must be unique enough to induce immune response o Often several diff antigenic determinants (epi ...
Melanoma Resection - Meridian Surgery Center
... Risks/Complications of Treatment Treatment risks fall into two categories; those that could happen during any operation under anesthesia, and those that are specific for a biopsy. In any medical treatment, it is impossible to predict all the things that could go wrong. Fortunately, complications are ...
... Risks/Complications of Treatment Treatment risks fall into two categories; those that could happen during any operation under anesthesia, and those that are specific for a biopsy. In any medical treatment, it is impossible to predict all the things that could go wrong. Fortunately, complications are ...
CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNE RESPONSE IN VITRO
... CBA spleen cells were cultured together with 4 X l0 Gmitomycln C-treated allogeneic BALB/c spleen cells in the smaller glass tubes. At day 4, the time of the optimal blastogenic response (14), the cells were pulsed with thymidine aH (Radiochemical Centre, Amersham, England) for 7 hr at a final conce ...
... CBA spleen cells were cultured together with 4 X l0 Gmitomycln C-treated allogeneic BALB/c spleen cells in the smaller glass tubes. At day 4, the time of the optimal blastogenic response (14), the cells were pulsed with thymidine aH (Radiochemical Centre, Amersham, England) for 7 hr at a final conce ...
the attached hematopoiteic cascade
... responses. Basophils make up about 0.5% of the white blood cell count. Basophilic Myelocyte: Immature cell that develops into a basophil. Dendritic Cell: Professional antigen-presenting cell responsible for induction of primary antigen-specific immune response. E Metamyelocyte: Eosinophil precursor ...
... responses. Basophils make up about 0.5% of the white blood cell count. Basophilic Myelocyte: Immature cell that develops into a basophil. Dendritic Cell: Professional antigen-presenting cell responsible for induction of primary antigen-specific immune response. E Metamyelocyte: Eosinophil precursor ...
05-bio-inspired - SelfOrg - Self-Organization in Sensor and Actor
... to other cells. Nucleus Nucleus mRNA translation into proteins (3-a) a new DNAIn response to a received information particleGene message can be created and submitted DNA into the extracellular transcription space, e.g. secretion of hormones. (3-b) Additionally, messages can be forwarded to a neighbo ...
... to other cells. Nucleus Nucleus mRNA translation into proteins (3-a) a new DNAIn response to a received information particleGene message can be created and submitted DNA into the extracellular transcription space, e.g. secretion of hormones. (3-b) Additionally, messages can be forwarded to a neighbo ...
Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV)
... Furthermore, the HCMV US18 and US20 proteins promote the degradation of MICA (a major stress protein), preventing the NK cell from recognising stress signals of an infected cell. HCMV has acquired a viral homologue of IL-10, an immune modulatory cytokine that has been demonstrated to suppress anti-c ...
... Furthermore, the HCMV US18 and US20 proteins promote the degradation of MICA (a major stress protein), preventing the NK cell from recognising stress signals of an infected cell. HCMV has acquired a viral homologue of IL-10, an immune modulatory cytokine that has been demonstrated to suppress anti-c ...
Chapter 5: The Integumentary System
... Cells are produced in the basal layer, as they are pushed up towards the surface they are filled with keratin. By the time the cells reach the surface they are dead and filled with keratin – Millions rub off every day you get a new “skin” ...
... Cells are produced in the basal layer, as they are pushed up towards the surface they are filled with keratin. By the time the cells reach the surface they are dead and filled with keratin – Millions rub off every day you get a new “skin” ...
immune system
... inhibit their migration, activation and proliferation, which all contribute to the localization of inflammation ...
... inhibit their migration, activation and proliferation, which all contribute to the localization of inflammation ...
detailed lecture outline
... 2. beta interferons, secreted by fibroblasts, slow inflammation 3. gamma interferons, secreted by T cells and NK cells, stimulate macrophage activity ...
... 2. beta interferons, secreted by fibroblasts, slow inflammation 3. gamma interferons, secreted by T cells and NK cells, stimulate macrophage activity ...
Mast Cells are Major Target of Neuronal Substance P to Induce
... • Substance P fail to activate mast cells in human intestine – Human mast cells isolated from normal intestinal tissue were cultured for 1-2 weeks – Mast cells were challenged for 1 h with different Neuropeptide, including SP, mAB29C6, and ionomycin • mAB29C6 and ionomycin induces IgE receptor cros ...
... • Substance P fail to activate mast cells in human intestine – Human mast cells isolated from normal intestinal tissue were cultured for 1-2 weeks – Mast cells were challenged for 1 h with different Neuropeptide, including SP, mAB29C6, and ionomycin • mAB29C6 and ionomycin induces IgE receptor cros ...
A recombinant human HLA-class I antigen linked to dextran elicits
... yielded about 85% and 55% protection against SIV infection, respectively. The protection was dependent on HLA antigens acquired by the virions in the process of budding through the human CD4+ T cell membrane in which the SIV was grown. Despite the reproducibility of preventing SIV infection in macaq ...
... yielded about 85% and 55% protection against SIV infection, respectively. The protection was dependent on HLA antigens acquired by the virions in the process of budding through the human CD4+ T cell membrane in which the SIV was grown. Despite the reproducibility of preventing SIV infection in macaq ...
Hemorrhagic anemia
... a parent, they are considered to carry the sickle cell trait. A small amt of RBC’s are damaged. If two defective genes are inherited, the person will have a more severe form of sickle cell anemia because more of the RBC’s are damaged ...
... a parent, they are considered to carry the sickle cell trait. A small amt of RBC’s are damaged. If two defective genes are inherited, the person will have a more severe form of sickle cell anemia because more of the RBC’s are damaged ...
phase 3 trials in multiple sclerosis - National Multiple Sclerosis Society
... down immune response, possibly by interfering with T cell activation and movement across blood-brain barrier, and inducing suppressive T cells (Rebif) ...
... down immune response, possibly by interfering with T cell activation and movement across blood-brain barrier, and inducing suppressive T cells (Rebif) ...
Pre-existing immunity to adenovirus does not prevent tumor
... direct intratumoral injection of cytokine-expressing Ad vectors in a model of polyoma middle T (PymT) induced breast adenocarcinoma described by Guy et al.11 This model is metastatic, phenotypically similar to human breast adenocarcinoma and provides a defined tumor associated antigen (PymT). To inv ...
... direct intratumoral injection of cytokine-expressing Ad vectors in a model of polyoma middle T (PymT) induced breast adenocarcinoma described by Guy et al.11 This model is metastatic, phenotypically similar to human breast adenocarcinoma and provides a defined tumor associated antigen (PymT). To inv ...
Specific Antibody-Dependent Responses in HIV
... The majority of NK cell-mediated HIV-specific responses in the cohort of 26 subjects were to the Env peptide pool, ranging from 0.6% to 10.6% of all lymphocytes. Responses were also detected to Pol and to the combined pool of Rev, Tat, and Vpu in three and two subjects, respectively. Interestingly, ...
... The majority of NK cell-mediated HIV-specific responses in the cohort of 26 subjects were to the Env peptide pool, ranging from 0.6% to 10.6% of all lymphocytes. Responses were also detected to Pol and to the combined pool of Rev, Tat, and Vpu in three and two subjects, respectively. Interestingly, ...
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.