Defining the interaction of perforin with calcium and the
... immune synapse, perforin binds to target cell membranes through its Ca2 + -dependent C2 domain. Membrane-bound perforin then forms pores that allow passage of pro-apoptopic granzymes into the target cell. In the present study, structural and biochemical studies reveal that Ca2 + binding triggers a c ...
... immune synapse, perforin binds to target cell membranes through its Ca2 + -dependent C2 domain. Membrane-bound perforin then forms pores that allow passage of pro-apoptopic granzymes into the target cell. In the present study, structural and biochemical studies reveal that Ca2 + binding triggers a c ...
Chapter 3
... This destroys the tissue that has the antigens on the surface of its cells (e.g., Rh incompatibility). Elsevier items and derived items © 2009 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. ...
... This destroys the tissue that has the antigens on the surface of its cells (e.g., Rh incompatibility). Elsevier items and derived items © 2009 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. ...
Differential requirement for A2a and A3 adenosine
... different initiating stimuli (polyclonal T-cell receptor [TCR] activator ConA vs Toll-like receptor activating LPS) and different types of immune cells. In mice, ConA-induced liver damage in mice is a welldescribed in vivo inflammation model of viral and autoimmune hepatitis that is mediated by T ce ...
... different initiating stimuli (polyclonal T-cell receptor [TCR] activator ConA vs Toll-like receptor activating LPS) and different types of immune cells. In mice, ConA-induced liver damage in mice is a welldescribed in vivo inflammation model of viral and autoimmune hepatitis that is mediated by T ce ...
Commins, et al, JACI, 2014
... IgG2 is common in antibody responses to sugars and may be T-independent ...
... IgG2 is common in antibody responses to sugars and may be T-independent ...
Role of extracellular ATP in immunity and intestinal defence
... Th2 imbalance. Nowadays, a diversity of therapeutic modalities are available as a treatment regime for patients with RA and IBD. One of these is methotrexate. Originally known as an effective antiproliferative drug in the treatment of cancer at high doses, it is now well-established that low-dose me ...
... Th2 imbalance. Nowadays, a diversity of therapeutic modalities are available as a treatment regime for patients with RA and IBD. One of these is methotrexate. Originally known as an effective antiproliferative drug in the treatment of cancer at high doses, it is now well-established that low-dose me ...
Transactivation and signaling functions of Tat are not correlated
... critical viral and cellular properties and the important differences in the amino acid residues identified in the Tat proteins of diverse viral subtypes [9,28,29], a systematic evaluation of a possible correlation between Tat diversity and subtype properties is necessary [9,10]. Studies of this natu ...
... critical viral and cellular properties and the important differences in the amino acid residues identified in the Tat proteins of diverse viral subtypes [9,28,29], a systematic evaluation of a possible correlation between Tat diversity and subtype properties is necessary [9,10]. Studies of this natu ...
lingzhi , reishi (ganoderma lucidum)
... have shown that Ganoderma lucidum enhances synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins in blood plasma, liver, and bone marrow, hence effectively prevent aging. It is observed that the use of Ganoderma lucidum to prevent aging benefits not only the aged, but also the young, since growth and development ...
... have shown that Ganoderma lucidum enhances synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins in blood plasma, liver, and bone marrow, hence effectively prevent aging. It is observed that the use of Ganoderma lucidum to prevent aging benefits not only the aged, but also the young, since growth and development ...
No Slide Title
... • Populations of microorganisms reproduce faster than humans • Mutations that change MHC-binding antigens or MHC molecules can only be introduced to populations after reproduction • The ability of microorganisms to mutate in order to evade MHC molecules will always outpace counter evasion measures t ...
... • Populations of microorganisms reproduce faster than humans • Mutations that change MHC-binding antigens or MHC molecules can only be introduced to populations after reproduction • The ability of microorganisms to mutate in order to evade MHC molecules will always outpace counter evasion measures t ...
Model-based calibration of the natural history of cervical cancer
... Supplementary Figure 2 (continued): Schematic representation of the MISCAN-cervix model, with disease pathways A through F. Notes: There are six disease pathways (types A through F) in MISCAN. All lesions start as either an HPV infection without CIN (disease pathways A, B, C, D, and F) or as a CIN 1 ...
... Supplementary Figure 2 (continued): Schematic representation of the MISCAN-cervix model, with disease pathways A through F. Notes: There are six disease pathways (types A through F) in MISCAN. All lesions start as either an HPV infection without CIN (disease pathways A, B, C, D, and F) or as a CIN 1 ...
![Twelfth International Symposium July 2006 program [PDF 748.15KB]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/018138094_1-058f9fa3e04357cb3b914d3800f7ab67-300x300.png)
Twelfth International Symposium July 2006 program [PDF 748.15KB]
... outstanding EBV investigators with the Henle Lectureship, and we will pay special tribute to two distinguished investigators that we recently lost from our community. The meeting format this year is slightly different from previous years. Rather than extend the meeting an extra day for a single, gro ...
... outstanding EBV investigators with the Henle Lectureship, and we will pay special tribute to two distinguished investigators that we recently lost from our community. The meeting format this year is slightly different from previous years. Rather than extend the meeting an extra day for a single, gro ...
Endometritis in old mares - Pferdeheilkunde Equine Medicine
... mRNA expression 3 and 72hours post challenge, and increased expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL6 (which has anti-inflammatory properties in the early stages of inflammation) and IL10 3 hours after challenge (Christoffersen et al. 2012b). Mycobacterial cell wall extract (MCWE) has also b ...
... mRNA expression 3 and 72hours post challenge, and increased expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL6 (which has anti-inflammatory properties in the early stages of inflammation) and IL10 3 hours after challenge (Christoffersen et al. 2012b). Mycobacterial cell wall extract (MCWE) has also b ...
Homeostatic MyD88-dependent signals cause lethal
... environment such as the skin and gastrointestinal tract (1). Recent studies suggest that host cells, including professional antigen-presenting cells, “sense” the presence of microbial molecules under homeostatic conditions (2, 3). This sensing is performed by several families of cellular receptors, ...
... environment such as the skin and gastrointestinal tract (1). Recent studies suggest that host cells, including professional antigen-presenting cells, “sense” the presence of microbial molecules under homeostatic conditions (2, 3). This sensing is performed by several families of cellular receptors, ...
Maternal allergy is associated with surfacebound IgE on cord blood
... Background: The cell type(s) mediating the maternal influence on allergic disease in children remain unclear. We set out to define the relationship between maternal allergy and frequencies of cord blood (CB) basophils, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs); to characterize surface-bound IgE and Fc ...
... Background: The cell type(s) mediating the maternal influence on allergic disease in children remain unclear. We set out to define the relationship between maternal allergy and frequencies of cord blood (CB) basophils, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs); to characterize surface-bound IgE and Fc ...
Dengue hemorrhagic fever with special emphasis on
... 2. Dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF); two types of clinical manifestation of dengue virus infection Dengue virus infection can be asymptomatic or causes two forms of illness, DF and DHF [4,5] (Table 1), although the majority of dengue virus infections are asymptomatic. DF is a sel ...
... 2. Dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF); two types of clinical manifestation of dengue virus infection Dengue virus infection can be asymptomatic or causes two forms of illness, DF and DHF [4,5] (Table 1), although the majority of dengue virus infections are asymptomatic. DF is a sel ...
bacteriophages
... occur at a significant rate. Following this dilution there is, in general, no detectable reversal of the inactivation process; the titer of surviving phage does not increase. Apparently, dissociation of the phage-antibody complex does not occur at a measurable rate CBurnet, Keogh, and Lush, 1937; He ...
... occur at a significant rate. Following this dilution there is, in general, no detectable reversal of the inactivation process; the titer of surviving phage does not increase. Apparently, dissociation of the phage-antibody complex does not occur at a measurable rate CBurnet, Keogh, and Lush, 1937; He ...
Immune dysfunctionality of replicative senescent
... Figure 2. Replicative senescent MSCs display attenuated immunosuppressive and intact lung-homing properties. Replicative fit and senescent MSCs were cultured with aCD3aCD28 Dynabeads-stimulated PBMCs. Four days post culture, T-cell proliferation was measured by Ki67 intracellular staining. (A) Repre ...
... Figure 2. Replicative senescent MSCs display attenuated immunosuppressive and intact lung-homing properties. Replicative fit and senescent MSCs were cultured with aCD3aCD28 Dynabeads-stimulated PBMCs. Four days post culture, T-cell proliferation was measured by Ki67 intracellular staining. (A) Repre ...
Effects of sleep deprivation on immune function via cortisol and
... The relationship between sleep and the immune system was first uncovered by Krueger et al. in 1982 with the discovery of the sleep-inducing muramyl peptide Factor S. (Krueger et al., 1984; Cardinali et al., 2006) Krueger discovered that Factor S induced the release of interleukin-1, a highly inflamm ...
... The relationship between sleep and the immune system was first uncovered by Krueger et al. in 1982 with the discovery of the sleep-inducing muramyl peptide Factor S. (Krueger et al., 1984; Cardinali et al., 2006) Krueger discovered that Factor S induced the release of interleukin-1, a highly inflamm ...
Roles of microglia in brain development, tissue maintenance and
... the CNS that arise during primitive haematopoiesis in yolk sac blood islands (Cuadros et al., 1993; Ginhoux et al., 2010; Golub and Cumano, 2013). In humans, microglia can be identified in the extracerebral mesenchyme as early as 4.5 gestational weeks and invade the parenchyma at 5 gestational weeks ...
... the CNS that arise during primitive haematopoiesis in yolk sac blood islands (Cuadros et al., 1993; Ginhoux et al., 2010; Golub and Cumano, 2013). In humans, microglia can be identified in the extracerebral mesenchyme as early as 4.5 gestational weeks and invade the parenchyma at 5 gestational weeks ...
Alopecia Areata - New England Journal of Medicine
... is its creation of a milieu of relative immune privilege that normally renders unlikely an autoimmune attack on intrafollicularly expressed autoantigens.29-31 This relative immune privilege is established mainly by suppression of the surface molecules required for presenting autoantigens to CD8+ T l ...
... is its creation of a milieu of relative immune privilege that normally renders unlikely an autoimmune attack on intrafollicularly expressed autoantigens.29-31 This relative immune privilege is established mainly by suppression of the surface molecules required for presenting autoantigens to CD8+ T l ...
alopecia_areata 2012
... is its creation of a milieu of relative immune privilege that normally renders unlikely an autoimmune attack on intrafollicularly expressed autoantigens.29-31 This relative immune privilege is established mainly by suppression of the surface molecules required for presenting autoantigens to CD8+ T l ...
... is its creation of a milieu of relative immune privilege that normally renders unlikely an autoimmune attack on intrafollicularly expressed autoantigens.29-31 This relative immune privilege is established mainly by suppression of the surface molecules required for presenting autoantigens to CD8+ T l ...
Lipid Biology and Lymphatic Function: A Dynamic Interplay with
... have been shown to develop peripheral skin edema. The edematous tissues in these mice were found to consist predominantly of cholesterol deposits and formation of foam cells [35,45,46]. Our group has reported that hypercholesterolemia in apoE-/- and Ldlr-/- mice leads to severe skin lymphatic dysfun ...
... have been shown to develop peripheral skin edema. The edematous tissues in these mice were found to consist predominantly of cholesterol deposits and formation of foam cells [35,45,46]. Our group has reported that hypercholesterolemia in apoE-/- and Ldlr-/- mice leads to severe skin lymphatic dysfun ...
Chapter_008
... T cells in the graft are mature and capable of cellmediated destruction tissues within the recipient Not a problem if patient is immunocompetent ...
... T cells in the graft are mature and capable of cellmediated destruction tissues within the recipient Not a problem if patient is immunocompetent ...
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.