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“Extraction and Preservation of Aloe
... “Extraction and Preservation of Aloe-Vera Juice without using any Preservative” Objective: Aloe-vera is now known to have various medicinal and cosmetic properties. A wide variety of commercial products are available in the market, but these products have chemical preservatives added in them which a ...
... “Extraction and Preservation of Aloe-Vera Juice without using any Preservative” Objective: Aloe-vera is now known to have various medicinal and cosmetic properties. A wide variety of commercial products are available in the market, but these products have chemical preservatives added in them which a ...
Bordetella pertussis
... by initiating the release of destructive reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as nitric oxide (NO) via interleukin 1 (IL-1) induced type II nitric oxide synthases (inducible NOS, or iNOS) activation in mucus-secreting goblet cells Adenylate cyclase toxin (ACT) and the type III secretion system (T3SS) ...
... by initiating the release of destructive reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as nitric oxide (NO) via interleukin 1 (IL-1) induced type II nitric oxide synthases (inducible NOS, or iNOS) activation in mucus-secreting goblet cells Adenylate cyclase toxin (ACT) and the type III secretion system (T3SS) ...
the role of dual specificity phosphatase
... as macrophages, dendritic cells and neutrophils; granulocytes like basophils, mast cells and eosinophils; and lymphocytes like natural killer cells (NK cells) (Delves and Roitt, 2000a, b). Adaptive immune cells include B and T lymphocytes. All of these cells communicate and counter regulate one anot ...
... as macrophages, dendritic cells and neutrophils; granulocytes like basophils, mast cells and eosinophils; and lymphocytes like natural killer cells (NK cells) (Delves and Roitt, 2000a, b). Adaptive immune cells include B and T lymphocytes. All of these cells communicate and counter regulate one anot ...
Phagocytosis and comparative innate immunity
... individual components of this system is difficult as primary mammalian phagocytes are not readily amenable to genetic manipulations, such as cDNA overexpression or knockdown of expression of candidate receptors by RNA interference (RNAi). Investigators have therefore relied on classic cell biology a ...
... individual components of this system is difficult as primary mammalian phagocytes are not readily amenable to genetic manipulations, such as cDNA overexpression or knockdown of expression of candidate receptors by RNA interference (RNAi). Investigators have therefore relied on classic cell biology a ...
Cutting Edge Commentary: A Copernican Revolution? Doubts About
... The Journal of Immunology even argue that the stomach protects against the danger of starvation). As immunologists, the crucial issue we want to understand is what kinds of danger the immune system detects, and how does it detect them? Without specifying these features, the notion of danger would l ...
... The Journal of Immunology even argue that the stomach protects against the danger of starvation). As immunologists, the crucial issue we want to understand is what kinds of danger the immune system detects, and how does it detect them? Without specifying these features, the notion of danger would l ...
b
... Before a T cell can undergo clonal expansion, it must recognize one or more co-stimulatory signals ...
... Before a T cell can undergo clonal expansion, it must recognize one or more co-stimulatory signals ...
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: pathogenesis to treatment
... however, did not attempt to correlate cell replication rates to cidofovir toxicity. Recent work has made an attempt to understand a mechanism of action for cidofovir in HPV-containing cells [56••]. It has been shown that cidofovir is incorporated into episomal DNA at a slightly higher rate than geno ...
... however, did not attempt to correlate cell replication rates to cidofovir toxicity. Recent work has made an attempt to understand a mechanism of action for cidofovir in HPV-containing cells [56••]. It has been shown that cidofovir is incorporated into episomal DNA at a slightly higher rate than geno ...
3-4 (Bebok)
... d. They are carried by blood or lymph to the secondary lymphoid organs. Secondary Lymphoid Organs [S4]: a. The secondary lymphoid organs are scattered throughout the body, which is why they can provide systemic protection against infectious agents and foreign substances. b. Lymph nodes are scattered ...
... d. They are carried by blood or lymph to the secondary lymphoid organs. Secondary Lymphoid Organs [S4]: a. The secondary lymphoid organs are scattered throughout the body, which is why they can provide systemic protection against infectious agents and foreign substances. b. Lymph nodes are scattered ...
Bacillus probiotics - Mechanism of action and use
... Bacillus species have been used as probiotics for at least 50 years with the Italian product known as Enterogermina® registered 1958 in Italy as an OTC (over-the-counter) medicinal supplement. The scientific interest in Bacillus species as a probiotic, has only really grown in the last 15 years and ...
... Bacillus species have been used as probiotics for at least 50 years with the Italian product known as Enterogermina® registered 1958 in Italy as an OTC (over-the-counter) medicinal supplement. The scientific interest in Bacillus species as a probiotic, has only really grown in the last 15 years and ...
Clinical Toxicology Innate Immune System Research Article
... Innate immunity encompasses effector cells and proteins that serve as a first line of defence against infectious agents, restraining J Clinic Toxicol ...
... Innate immunity encompasses effector cells and proteins that serve as a first line of defence against infectious agents, restraining J Clinic Toxicol ...
Dendritic cells in autoimmune diseases Burkhard
... self antigens via MHC class I for presentation to CTLs, leading to induction of autoimmune disease via a pathway called cross-presentation [35]. Exogenous loading of MHC class I molecules on DCs can be achieved using soluble [36] or cell-associated proteins [37] and can be further enhanced if protei ...
... self antigens via MHC class I for presentation to CTLs, leading to induction of autoimmune disease via a pathway called cross-presentation [35]. Exogenous loading of MHC class I molecules on DCs can be achieved using soluble [36] or cell-associated proteins [37] and can be further enhanced if protei ...
White blood cells 1: non-malignant disorders
... Metastatic infiltration of the bone marrow may also cause the presence of nucleated red blood cells. Stress neutrophilia can occur within minutes of exercise or emotional or physical stress, or after surgery, seizures, or epinephrine injection. The increase in neutrophil count, small in most cases, ...
... Metastatic infiltration of the bone marrow may also cause the presence of nucleated red blood cells. Stress neutrophilia can occur within minutes of exercise or emotional or physical stress, or after surgery, seizures, or epinephrine injection. The increase in neutrophil count, small in most cases, ...
maturation of humoral immune responses
... have acted as evolutionary pressures leading to the emergence of various protective mechanisms. In vertebrates, mechanical barriers like skin and mucosa act as a first way to stop the entry of a wide variety of harmful organisms, pathogens, e.g. bacteria, viruses and parasites. The body also possess ...
... have acted as evolutionary pressures leading to the emergence of various protective mechanisms. In vertebrates, mechanical barriers like skin and mucosa act as a first way to stop the entry of a wide variety of harmful organisms, pathogens, e.g. bacteria, viruses and parasites. The body also possess ...
Lymphatics and Immunity
... Each lymph node is divided into two general regions, the capsule and the cortex. The capsule is an outer layer of connective tissue. Underlying the capsule is the cortex, a region containing mostly inactivated B and T lymphocytes plus numerous accessory cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages. ...
... Each lymph node is divided into two general regions, the capsule and the cortex. The capsule is an outer layer of connective tissue. Underlying the capsule is the cortex, a region containing mostly inactivated B and T lymphocytes plus numerous accessory cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages. ...
Overview of the Digestive System
... peptide secretion by enteroendocrine cells allows investigators to exploit these pathways in the development of new agents to combat obesity and diabetes. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to disease and age-related apoptotic cell death provides hope for preventative and/or ...
... peptide secretion by enteroendocrine cells allows investigators to exploit these pathways in the development of new agents to combat obesity and diabetes. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to disease and age-related apoptotic cell death provides hope for preventative and/or ...
Immunology 5: B lymphocytes
... This stimulates gene activation which has biological effects: cytokines stimulate proliferation of lymphocytes ...
... This stimulates gene activation which has biological effects: cytokines stimulate proliferation of lymphocytes ...
Lecture 9
... Measles, mumps, rubella, varicella vaccines Why is this a problem for immuno-compromised host? ...
... Measles, mumps, rubella, varicella vaccines Why is this a problem for immuno-compromised host? ...
T Lymphocytes Negatively Regulate Lymph Node Lymphatic Vessel
... 31% reduction for CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, respectively) (Figures 2A and 2B). However, the LV density around B cell zones was similar between control and postadoptive transfer of B220+ cells (Figure 2A). Flow cytometry analysis of dissociated LNs displayed a similar profile: the LEC count was signifi ...
... 31% reduction for CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, respectively) (Figures 2A and 2B). However, the LV density around B cell zones was similar between control and postadoptive transfer of B220+ cells (Figure 2A). Flow cytometry analysis of dissociated LNs displayed a similar profile: the LEC count was signifi ...
Interferon Therapy
... • alpha – Hepatitis B & C, Hairy cell leukemia, Chronic myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma, low grade lymphomas, Kaposi’s Sarcoma, Melanoma ...
... • alpha – Hepatitis B & C, Hairy cell leukemia, Chronic myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma, low grade lymphomas, Kaposi’s Sarcoma, Melanoma ...
Cancer immunotherapy
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Peptide_bound_to_Rituximab_FAB.png?width=300)
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.