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IMMUNOLOGY
IMMUNOLOGY

... adequate response (examples include chronic granulomatous disease and primary immune diseases), and autoimmunity, in which the immune system attacks its own host's body (examples include systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Hashimoto's disease and myasthenia gravis). Other immune syst ...
Low Dose Naltrexone and Autoimmune Diseases: Emerging
Low Dose Naltrexone and Autoimmune Diseases: Emerging

... this point. There are, however, many self reports from users of LDN that show promising effects. While not everyone benefits from LDN, the people who do are generally very enthusiastic about its effects. Some people report symptom improvement within a few days while others see results a few weeks af ...
IMMUNOLOGY SIMPLIFIED —from AIDS to ZZZZZZ
IMMUNOLOGY SIMPLIFIED —from AIDS to ZZZZZZ

... • One in 20 Americans have an autoimmune disorder; 10 times more likely to be female (75%) • RA (7:1); Sjögren’s (9:1); SLE (9:1); MS (3:1); Hashimoto’s (10:1) • Presentation tends to be between 25-45 • Men have an overall increased risk of infectious disease, women have an increased risk of autoimm ...
Sex-based differences in autoimmune diseases
Sex-based differences in autoimmune diseases

... RA affects approximately 1% of the general population and is characterized by chronic joint inflammation, functional impairment, disability, and premature mortality. It is widely accepted that RA is caused by various environmental factors in genetically predisposed individuals. RA is about three tim ...
Immunity_Hypersensitivity_Allergy_and_Autoimmune_Diseases
Immunity_Hypersensitivity_Allergy_and_Autoimmune_Diseases

... – Monokines: secreted by monocytes – Interferon: interferes with the multiplication of viruses within the cell – Interleukin: sends regulatory signals between cells of the immune system – Tumor necrosis factor: destroys foreign or abnormal cells and tumor cells ...
1. Islet 2. Pancreatic lymph node
1. Islet 2. Pancreatic lymph node

... •Diabetic complications (renal failure, blindness, early cardiovascular disease) due to chronic hyperglycaemia •Diabetes costs NHS ~£8-10 billion (Type 1 diabetes £2-5b) ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... •Diabetic complications (renal failure, blindness, early cardiovascular disease) due to chronic hyperglycaemia •Diabetes costs NHS ~£8-10 billion (Type 1 diabetes £2-5b) ...
The role of autoantibodies in health and disease
The role of autoantibodies in health and disease

... directed against very well conserved public epitopes [6]. On the other hand, specific adaptive immune responses through high-affinity, class-switched IgG autoantibodies can cause tissue damage or malfunctions and induce autoimmune diseases, through binding to self-proteins [7–9]. IgM-NAA are produce ...
1 State the significance of interspecific hybridization. 1 2 What is the
1 State the significance of interspecific hybridization. 1 2 What is the

... Name the different species of malarial parasite. Which of these does cause malignant tumors? What kind of immunity active or passive, is produced by vaccination? Name the disease against which BCG is given? Discuss the role of lymphoid organs in the immune response. Explain 2 different types giving ...
Chapter 27: Communicable Diseases
Chapter 27: Communicable Diseases

... 3. ________ is ________ cell growth. a. ___________ destroy this type of cell, however, sometimes the ____ ______ gets out of the ______ of the immune system. b. Cancer ____ invade nearby _______. c. Cancer ____ enter into the ___________ or __________ systems allowing it to _______ to _____ parts o ...
Is atherosclerosis an autoimmune disease? Open Access
Is atherosclerosis an autoimmune disease? Open Access

... Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is pivotal in the development of atherosclerosis and represents a crucial pro-inflammatory stimulus [8]. Upon entering into the intima of arteries, oxLDL activates endothelial cells and up-regulates adhesion molecule expression and chemotactic chemokine secre ...
Arthritis Glossary
Arthritis Glossary

... An immune cell directed against a cell’s nucleus (the “control center”). Some healthy people have ANA. High levels of “autoantibodies”—antibodies that attack the body’s own cells as if they were foreign—may indicate a connective tissue disease, such as lupus. ANA is detected through a blood test. ...
Connective Tissue Diseases
Connective Tissue Diseases

... Connective Tissue Diseases ...
1. Immunological Tolerance and Autoimmunity
1. Immunological Tolerance and Autoimmunity

... activation by peptide/MHC. This is important because some self-peptides are normally expressed at levels below that required for T cell activation (and induction of T cell tolerance) so T cells specific for these self-peptide/MHC complexes remain in a state of 'clonal indifference'. Such 'invisible' ...
samento - NutraMedix
samento - NutraMedix

... Some of the beneficial properties of Samento are attributed to the pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids (POAs) that are found in the plant that act on the cellular immune system and demonstrate powerful immune system modulating properties. Samento does not contain the tetracyclic oxindole alkaloids (TOAs) ...
14 tcp/rer/3402/acdp/sucec
14 tcp/rer/3402/acdp/sucec

... wild aquatic animal populations of species that is an asset worth protecting under Community law or international provisions. 4. The disease is difficult to control and contain at farm or mollusc farming area level without stringent control measures and trade restrictions. 5. The disease may be cont ...
Immune System - ilovebiology
Immune System - ilovebiology

...  Another 2nd line of defense is the inflammatory response  The chemical response is known as histamines ...
hypersensitivities ppt
hypersensitivities ppt

... • Body recognizes self-antigens as foreign • Sequestered antigen • Self-antigens not normally seen by the immune system • Infectious disease • Molecular mimicry • Neoantigen • Haptens become immunogenic when they bind to host proteins ...
Document
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... thought to form pores in cell membranes that allow antigens to gain access to the endogenous presentation pathway resulting in presentation by MHC class I and hence CTL activation. ...
10 Hypersensitivity.
10 Hypersensitivity.

... Type IV (Cell-Mediated) Hypersensitivity Allergic reactions are subdivided into two groups: (1) immediate and (2) delayed reactions, although it is difficult to draw a strict distinction between them. Allergic reactions of immediate action are associated with Blymphocytes and antibodies circulating ...
Disease as a Failure of Homeostasis
Disease as a Failure of Homeostasis

...  Heartworms ...
your body`s defense against infection lesson 2
your body`s defense against infection lesson 2

... antibodies Proteins that attach to antigens, keeping them from harming the body ...
What is rheumatoid arthritis ?
What is rheumatoid arthritis ?

... Patient must meet ≥ 4 criteria of the above. N.B: sensitivity 92% and specificity is 89%. ...
skin and immune system
skin and immune system

... – Allergy causing antigens enter the body and attach themselves to certain white blood cells – Produce chemicals called histamines – Asthma – a chronic respiratory disease where the air passages become narrower than normal, causing wheezing, coughing and difficulty breathing • May be treated with me ...
How the destruction of rainforest could help create new strains of
How the destruction of rainforest could help create new strains of

... forests could help create new strains of diseases. There are many reasons for this change but not all of them are affected by only deforestation. Over the last 30 years, the death rate from infectious diseases increases to alarm international health experts. There are many reasons for this dramatic ...
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Autoimmunity

Autoimmunity is the system of immune responses of an organism against its own cells and tissues. Any disease that results from such an aberrant immune response is termed an autoimmune disease. Prominent examples include Celiac disease, diabetes mellitus type 1, Sarcoidosis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjögren's syndrome, Churg-Strauss Syndrome, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, Addison's Disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Polymyositis (PM), and Dermatomyositis (DM). Autoimmune diseases are very often treated with steroids.The misconception that an individual's immune system is totally incapable of recognizing self antigens is not new. Paul Ehrlich, at the beginning of the twentieth century, proposed the concept of horror autotoxicus, wherein a ""normal"" body does not mount an immune response against its own tissues. Thus, any autoimmune response was perceived to be abnormal and postulated to be connected with human disease. Now, it is accepted that autoimmune responses are an integral part of vertebrate immune systems (sometimes termed ""natural autoimmunity""), normally prevented from causing disease by the phenomenon of immunological tolerance to self-antigens. Autoimmunity should not be confused with alloimmunity.
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