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Genetic engineering
Genetic engineering

... 3. The human gene is place into the bacteria plasmid 4. The plasmid is placed back into the bacteria. • The cell now has directions (DNA) to make insulin. • That's exactly what it does. • Its human insulin, bacteria do not make insulin on their own. ...
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... bloating, gas, and gastric discomfort, among other gastro-intestinal symptoms. Live-food enthusiasts purport that raw foods provide their own enzymes, and do not deplete the body of its own digestive enzymes. Also, cooking is thought to inactivate food enzymes. Foods which lack their own enzymes may ...
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... Bacteria cells have plasmids, much smaller than bacterial  chromosome! ...
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...  As it replicates with bases labeled with color coded fluorescent dyes, the replication stops forming a fragment.  After all of the DNA has replicated, tiny labeled fragments are left.  The fragments are separated by gel electrophoresis and the pattern of the color coded fragments is read, tellin ...
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Application of Molecular Biotechnologies to Remediation

... Add combinations of restriction enzymes Assumption: if right enzymes were used, each species will have a unique pattern (fingerprint). However, it is hard to differentiate from each other. Usually only one fingerprint for one community BY incorporating probe hybridization, more detail information ca ...
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... • structure of DNA - nitrogenous bases, 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group • types of bonds involved • Chargoff’s rule - base pairing of the nitrogenous bases (A = T and C ≡ G) • enzymes involved in DNA replication (helicase, single-strand binding protein, DNA polyerase, topisomerase, primase, DNA liga ...
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... enzymatic action by binding to another part of the enzyme. This second site, known as the allosteric site, is the place on an enzyme where a molecule that is not a substrate may bind, thus changing the shape of the enzyme and influencing its ability to be active. ...
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... • Purpose: to produce the DNA fragments that will be joined to make the recombinant plasmid. – Will need to cut two plasmids • pKAN-R – has the rfp gene, an antibiotic resistance gene for kanamyacin (kan-R), and the promoter sequence (pBAD) • pARA – has an antibiotic resistance gene for ampicillin ( ...
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... detergent container, fruit juice container.  Have students come up, put their hand in the bag and  try to guess what it is.  As a motivation you can make it a competition or just offer a small piece  of candy to each person who guesses correctly.  2. Next ask what all of these items have in common ( ...
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... Unit, Transcription Unit and the Gene, Types of RNA and the process of Transcription, Genetic Code-Mutations and Genetic Code, tRNA– the Adapter Molecule, Translation, Regulation of Gene Expression-The Lac operon. ...
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Mutation identification by whole genome sequencing

... 3) allow primers to anneal, polymerase to synthesize DNA, heat to melt dsDNA, and repeat multiple times 4) run in an analyzer to separate DNA products of different sizes and detect them by fluorescence 5) Obtain sequence 2. Next Generation Sequencing by the Illumina method a. Completed in a flow cel ...
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... 11. Draw a nucleotide and label all of its components: ...
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AP Biology (An Introduction)

< 1 ... 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 ... 101 >

Restriction enzyme

A restriction enzyme or restriction endonuclease is an enzyme that cuts DNA at or near specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as restriction sites. Restriction enzymes are commonly classified into three types, which differ in their structure and whether they cut their DNA substrate at their recognition site, or if the recognition and cleavage sites are separate from one another. To cut DNA, all restriction enzymes make two incisions, once through each sugar-phosphate backbone (i.e. each strand) of the DNA double helix.These enzymes are found in bacteria and archaea and provide a defense mechanism against invading viruses. Inside a prokaryote, the restriction enzymes selectively cut up foreign DNA in a process called restriction; while host DNA is protected by a modification enzyme (a methyltransferase) that modifies the prokaryotic DNA and blocks cleavage. Together, these two processes form the restriction modification system.Over 3000 restriction enzymes have been studied in detail, and more than 600 of these are available commercially. These enzymes are routinely used for DNA modification in laboratories, and are a vital tool in molecular cloning.
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