Overview of various methods for measuring a lens focal length
... This technique uses the Talbot effect: the image of a coherent wave with 2D periodic amplitude distribution, incident upon a diffraction grating, is regularly repeated. The distance between each self-image is the Talbot length ∆. If the wave interferes with another wave diffracted by a grating with ...
... This technique uses the Talbot effect: the image of a coherent wave with 2D periodic amplitude distribution, incident upon a diffraction grating, is regularly repeated. The distance between each self-image is the Talbot length ∆. If the wave interferes with another wave diffracted by a grating with ...
Module P6.4 Optical instruments
... For example, we may need to magnify the view of an object, if it is too small (using a microscope) or if it is very far away (using a telescope), or we may need a permanent record (obtained using camera), or more information about the colour composition of the light from the object (as revealed by a ...
... For example, we may need to magnify the view of an object, if it is too small (using a microscope) or if it is very far away (using a telescope), or we may need a permanent record (obtained using camera), or more information about the colour composition of the light from the object (as revealed by a ...
Optical coupling devices
... because the roof prism is tilted away from the normal. Useful devices may be made from these (any of The six possible spots are obtained by adding the 3 FIGS. 1-4 in some cases) using extra components. For example the use of a Fresnel bi-prism, 23 FIG. 5, close 5 vectors with any combination of sign ...
... because the roof prism is tilted away from the normal. Useful devices may be made from these (any of The six possible spots are obtained by adding the 3 FIGS. 1-4 in some cases) using extra components. For example the use of a Fresnel bi-prism, 23 FIG. 5, close 5 vectors with any combination of sign ...
Optical bistability in a Vertical-Cavity Semiconductor Optical Amplifier
... integration is limited. In the past few years, VCSOAs have drawn increasing research attention [7,8]. As compared to in-plane SOAs, they exhibit several advantages including higher coupling efficiency to optical fibers and lower noise figure due to their circular geometry and small dimensions, respe ...
... integration is limited. In the past few years, VCSOAs have drawn increasing research attention [7,8]. As compared to in-plane SOAs, they exhibit several advantages including higher coupling efficiency to optical fibers and lower noise figure due to their circular geometry and small dimensions, respe ...
Lenses, the eye and other applications of light
... A student investigates the relationship between the distance from the object to the lens and the magnification produced by the lens. The student’s results are given in the table. The student did not repeat any measurements. ...
... A student investigates the relationship between the distance from the object to the lens and the magnification produced by the lens. The student’s results are given in the table. The student did not repeat any measurements. ...
(full text)
... nearly perfect absorptance in NbN thin films of the appropriate thickness illuminated at the angle of total internal reflection (TIR) by s-polarized light [5]. As the NbN nanowire arrays are similar to wire-grid polarizers, to analyze their polarization-dependent absorptance, rigorous coupled-wave a ...
... nearly perfect absorptance in NbN thin films of the appropriate thickness illuminated at the angle of total internal reflection (TIR) by s-polarized light [5]. As the NbN nanowire arrays are similar to wire-grid polarizers, to analyze their polarization-dependent absorptance, rigorous coupled-wave a ...
Concepts of optical signal processing and optical communications
... Until recently, virtually all communications systems have relied on the transmission of information by radio-frequency (rf) and microwave signals over electric cables or on rf and microwave electromagnetic radiation propagating in free space. This is remarkable because light appears a more natural c ...
... Until recently, virtually all communications systems have relied on the transmission of information by radio-frequency (rf) and microwave signals over electric cables or on rf and microwave electromagnetic radiation propagating in free space. This is remarkable because light appears a more natural c ...
1 Introduction 2 Theory of Optical Trapping
... A red diode laser (Power Technology IQ1A70-LD1508-SG, λ = 658 nm, P = 65mW) is used to set up the optical trap. A modulation voltage is used to control the laser intensity. A pair of mirrors is used to align the beam. A lens (f=+35mm), which can be manipulated in x, y, and z, is used to control the ...
... A red diode laser (Power Technology IQ1A70-LD1508-SG, λ = 658 nm, P = 65mW) is used to set up the optical trap. A modulation voltage is used to control the laser intensity. A pair of mirrors is used to align the beam. A lens (f=+35mm), which can be manipulated in x, y, and z, is used to control the ...
A Practical Guide to Optical Trapping
... In the last few decades, novel microscopy techniques have been developed to monitor the activity of single enzymes as they perform their biological functions in vitro. Motor proteins such as kinesin, myosin, F1 Fo ATPase, and RNA polymerase have been mercilessly subjected to magnetic, elastic, and o ...
... In the last few decades, novel microscopy techniques have been developed to monitor the activity of single enzymes as they perform their biological functions in vitro. Motor proteins such as kinesin, myosin, F1 Fo ATPase, and RNA polymerase have been mercilessly subjected to magnetic, elastic, and o ...
Issues With Telescopes
... The Mount Palomar telescope would not be able to resolve these objects It would not be able to “see” the moon ! ...
... The Mount Palomar telescope would not be able to resolve these objects It would not be able to “see” the moon ! ...
Introduction to Adaptive Optics and Deformable
... Adaptive optics (AO) is a technology used to enhance the performance of an optical system by manipulating the optical wavefront. This improves the final output, improving performance compared to a non adaptive system. A wavefront is defined as a surface associated with a propagating wave passing th ...
... Adaptive optics (AO) is a technology used to enhance the performance of an optical system by manipulating the optical wavefront. This improves the final output, improving performance compared to a non adaptive system. A wavefront is defined as a surface associated with a propagating wave passing th ...
MEMS for micro optics: from fiber optic communication to display
... For the first example of industrial application, we directed our technology to develop fiber optic variable optical attenuators (VOA) in collaboration with Santec Corp., Japan [5]. Figure 2 schematically shows the fiber optic network connecting the transmitters (left) and receivers (right). The ligh ...
... For the first example of industrial application, we directed our technology to develop fiber optic variable optical attenuators (VOA) in collaboration with Santec Corp., Japan [5]. Figure 2 schematically shows the fiber optic network connecting the transmitters (left) and receivers (right). The ligh ...
Lab 6: Thin Lenses
... (a) Make sure the small plastic lens marked +400 is inside the eye. Put your hand about 50 cm from the eye and illuminate it with a desk lamp. Find the image on the retina. Move your hand until the image is sharp. Describe the image: Is it inverted or upright? What is the approximate magnification? ...
... (a) Make sure the small plastic lens marked +400 is inside the eye. Put your hand about 50 cm from the eye and illuminate it with a desk lamp. Find the image on the retina. Move your hand until the image is sharp. Describe the image: Is it inverted or upright? What is the approximate magnification? ...
502-22 Illumination Systems
... In many applications the image quality of diffuse illumination is required, but the throughput of specular illumination is needed. A larger light bulb is not always an option (A major rule of optical engineering is that there is never enough light!!). The system should be designed as specular illumi ...
... In many applications the image quality of diffuse illumination is required, but the throughput of specular illumination is needed. A larger light bulb is not always an option (A major rule of optical engineering is that there is never enough light!!). The system should be designed as specular illumi ...
Reflector sight
A reflector sight or reflex sight is an optical device that allows the user to look through a partially reflecting glass element and see an illuminated projection of an aiming point or some other image superimposed on the field of view. These sights work on the simple optical principle that anything at the focus of a lens or curved mirror (such as an illuminated reticle) will look like it is sitting in front of the viewer at infinity. Reflector sights employ some sort of ""reflector"" to allow the viewer to see the infinity image and the field of view at the same time, either by bouncing the image created by lens off a slanted glass plate, or by using a mostly clear curved glass reflector that images the reticle while the viewer looks through the reflector. Since the reticle is at infinity it stays in alignment with the device the sight is attached to regardless of the viewer's eye position, removing most of the parallax and other sighting errors found in simple sighting devices.Since their invention in 1900, reflector sights have come to be used as gun sights on all kinds of weapons. They were used on fighter aircraft, in a limited capacity in World War I, widely used in World War II, and still used as the base component in many types of modern head-up displays. They have been used in other types of (usually large) weapons as well, such as anti-aircraft gun sights, anti tank gun sights, and any other role where the operator had to engage fast moving targets over a wide field of view, and the sight itself could be supplied with sufficient electrical power to function. There was some limited use of the sight on small arms after World War II but it came into widespread use after the late 70s with the invention of the red dot sight, with a red light-emitting diode (LED) as its reticle, making a dependable sight with durability and extremely long illumination run time.Reflector sights are also used in civilian applications such as sights on surveying equipment, optical telescope pointing aids, and camera viewfinders.