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Chemical Bonds ch6 p.161
Chemical Bonds ch6 p.161

... Higher melting point Higher boiling point Many dissolve in water, +ion and -ion break apart in water so will conduct electricity in water. Some do not dissolve because the pull between the charges are greater than the attraction of H2O molecule ...
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... “In its most basic form, a cloud chamber is a sealed environment containing a supersaturated vapor of water or alcohol. When a charged particle (for example, an alpha or beta particle) interacts with the mixture, it ionizes it. The resulting ions act as condensation nuclei, around which a mist will ...
Center of Mass
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... Consider a system made up of two particles. For an observer in any inertial frame of reference relative motion of these two particles can be represented by the motion of a fictitious particle. The mass of this fictitious particle is known as the reduced mass of two particle system. Consider a system ...
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Few-body insights into the fractional quantum Hall effect
Few-body insights into the fractional quantum Hall effect

... 2. The usual Laughlin and Jain states (and possibly others) correlate closely with the symmetries having an exceptional degeneracy for noninteracting fermions 3. Since these states are identifiable by a property of noninteracting electrons, it should be possible to probe these exceptional degeneracy ...
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Chapter 1 Chemistry: The Study of Matter
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... Heterogeneous - matter without a uniform composition Substance- A pure type of matter that does not vary from sample to sample. Includes elements and compounds ...
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... Equivalent electrons have the same n and l values, so the possiblity exists that they might end up with all four quantum numbers the same, which is forbidden by the Pauli Principle. In this case you have to look at all allowable combinations of ML and MS values, and from those values infer the L and ...
Chapter 40
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... Some experiments are best explained by the photon model. Some are best explained by the wave model. We must accept both models and admit that the true nature of light is not describable in terms of any single classical model. The particle model and the wave model of light complement each other. ...
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... penetrate the potential wall/barrier. In interesting case arises when the spatial potential is not only finite but also it is localized, i.e., the wall has certain thickness. To take a concrete example: We can set up this problem kinetically as shown in figure to the left. In classical kinetics the ...
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... central atom. Multiple bonds (double and triple) count as one. The number of bonding and nonbonding electron pairs determines the geometry of electron pairs and the molecular geometry. E.g. Determine the geometry of the following: ...
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... central atom. Multiple bonds (double and triple) count as one. The number of bonding and nonbonding electron pairs determines the geometry of electron pairs and the molecular geometry. E.g. Determine the geometry of the following: ...


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Atomic theory



In chemistry and physics, atomic theory is a scientific theory of the nature of matter, which states that matter is composed of discrete units called atoms. It began as a philosophical concept in ancient Greece and entered the scientific mainstream in the early 19th century when discoveries in the field of chemistry showed that matter did indeed behave as if it were made up of atoms.The word atom comes from the Ancient Greek adjective atomos, meaning ""uncuttable"". 19th century chemists began using the term in connection with the growing number of irreducible chemical elements. While seemingly apropos, around the turn of the 20th century, through various experiments with electromagnetism and radioactivity, physicists discovered that the so-called ""uncuttable atom"" was actually a conglomerate of various subatomic particles (chiefly, electrons, protons and neutrons) which can exist separately from each other. In fact, in certain extreme environments, such as neutron stars, extreme temperature and pressure prevents atoms from existing at all. Since atoms were found to be divisible, physicists later invented the term ""elementary particles"" to describe the ""uncuttable"", though not indestructible, parts of an atom. The field of science which studies subatomic particles is particle physics, and it is in this field that physicists hope to discover the true fundamental nature of matter.
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