... found about half a dB originating from coupling twice between the Si-MOS sections, and about -0.1 dB/μm propagation loss of the MOS-mode with the latter corresponding to a propagation length of 43 μm (Figure 2B). Thus, a 5 μm long device suffers a total insertion loss of only about 1 dB. Towards ver ...
Week_Three_Network_ppt
... frame. This is usually a percentage of capacity. • Accuracy is an upper layer protocol’s responsibility. A frame with a bad CRC is dropped and retransmitted. A good threshold rule for handling errors is that there should be no more than one bad frame per megabyte of data. ...
... frame. This is usually a percentage of capacity. • Accuracy is an upper layer protocol’s responsibility. A frame with a bad CRC is dropped and retransmitted. A good threshold rule for handling errors is that there should be no more than one bad frame per megabyte of data. ...
Slide
... required between two local offices (compared to a direct SONET connection)* Adding a second switch on the ring in some cases will TRIPLE the SONET bandwidth required ...
... required between two local offices (compared to a direct SONET connection)* Adding a second switch on the ring in some cases will TRIPLE the SONET bandwidth required ...
Fast Algorithms for Estimating Aerosol Optical Depth and Correcting Thematic Mapper Imagery
... of the radiative transfer equation [5], which is an integro-di erential equation for which no analytical solution is available. There are several approaches to obtain practical solutions. The rst is to use a numerical iterative approach, such as the discrete-ordinate algorithm [10], and the Gauss- ...
... of the radiative transfer equation [5], which is an integro-di erential equation for which no analytical solution is available. There are several approaches to obtain practical solutions. The rst is to use a numerical iterative approach, such as the discrete-ordinate algorithm [10], and the Gauss- ...
Nondegenerate optical Kerr effect in semiconductors
... We use the 2-color Z-scan [7], [16] to measure the nondegenerate n 2 in ZnSe and ZnS. A Q-switched and modelocked Nd:YAG laser is used to generate single tp::::: 83 ps (FWHM) pulses at >. = 1.06 J.Lm as the excitation beam. Simultaneously, the second-harmonic of the same laser at >. = 532 nm serves ...
... We use the 2-color Z-scan [7], [16] to measure the nondegenerate n 2 in ZnSe and ZnS. A Q-switched and modelocked Nd:YAG laser is used to generate single tp::::: 83 ps (FWHM) pulses at >. = 1.06 J.Lm as the excitation beam. Simultaneously, the second-harmonic of the same laser at >. = 532 nm serves ...
Introduction to Adaptive Optics and Deformable
... Understanding Wavefronts Adaptive optics (AO) is a technology used to enhance the performance of an optical system by manipulating the optical wavefront. This improves the final output, improving performance compared to a non adaptive system. A wavefront is defined as a surface associated with a pr ...
... Understanding Wavefronts Adaptive optics (AO) is a technology used to enhance the performance of an optical system by manipulating the optical wavefront. This improves the final output, improving performance compared to a non adaptive system. A wavefront is defined as a surface associated with a pr ...
The Benefits of Cloud-RAN Architecture in Mobile Network
... Center indicates that more than 88% of the population in North American urban areas use either or both a smartphone and a tablet-type device; a little less than 40% of these people use these devices as their primary source of Internet access [2]. Mobile operators who intend to increase their coverag ...
... Center indicates that more than 88% of the population in North American urban areas use either or both a smartphone and a tablet-type device; a little less than 40% of these people use these devices as their primary source of Internet access [2]. Mobile operators who intend to increase their coverag ...
V.90-3-James H. Cole, Clay Kirkendall, Anthony Dandridge, Gary
... multiplexing15, refers to employing different optical frequencies/ wavelengths in the array rather than different phase generated carriers. Unfortunately this nomenclature can be very confusing since the names are the same but the techniques are totally different and in fact the techniques can be us ...
... multiplexing15, refers to employing different optical frequencies/ wavelengths in the array rather than different phase generated carriers. Unfortunately this nomenclature can be very confusing since the names are the same but the techniques are totally different and in fact the techniques can be us ...
Direct measurement of standing evanescent waves with a photon
... (3) When the gap exceeds 325 nm, another exponential decay behavior shows up with a considerably larger decay constant of 140 nm. This looks as if an additional weaker evanescent wave is present with an angle of incidence closer to the critical angle. However, extreme care has been taken to prevent ...
... (3) When the gap exceeds 325 nm, another exponential decay behavior shows up with a considerably larger decay constant of 140 nm. This looks as if an additional weaker evanescent wave is present with an angle of incidence closer to the critical angle. However, extreme care has been taken to prevent ...
Optics and Photonics H. A. Haus
... identical square cavities in a 3/1 index-contrast system as shown in Fig.1. Each square's side is only 1.66 microns and the whole system is less than 5 microns in each direction. The FDTD simulations have qualitatively verified the predictions of CMT but also revealed the sensitivity to the design p ...
... identical square cavities in a 3/1 index-contrast system as shown in Fig.1. Each square's side is only 1.66 microns and the whole system is less than 5 microns in each direction. The FDTD simulations have qualitatively verified the predictions of CMT but also revealed the sensitivity to the design p ...
Complete Contribution
... expenses by significantly reducing the amount of equipment required in the network. Such networks are currently entering the marketplace, and there is a desire in the OIF and other standards organizations to generalize their respective architectural models to include all-optical networks. This contr ...
... expenses by significantly reducing the amount of equipment required in the network. Such networks are currently entering the marketplace, and there is a desire in the OIF and other standards organizations to generalize their respective architectural models to include all-optical networks. This contr ...
Week_Three_Network_ppt - Computing Sciences
... frame. This is usually a percentage of capacity. • Accuracy is an upper layer protocol’s responsibility. A frame with a bad CRC is dropped and retransmitted. A good threshold rule for handling errors is that there should be no more than one bad frame per megabyte of data. ...
... frame. This is usually a percentage of capacity. • Accuracy is an upper layer protocol’s responsibility. A frame with a bad CRC is dropped and retransmitted. A good threshold rule for handling errors is that there should be no more than one bad frame per megabyte of data. ...
Network Technologies
... • Coaxial cable network can be used to deliver data to a home – Coaxial cables typically shared medium between homes in neighbourhood • Point-to-multipoint topology • More people using at the same time, the lower throughput for you ...
... • Coaxial cable network can be used to deliver data to a home – Coaxial cables typically shared medium between homes in neighbourhood • Point-to-multipoint topology • More people using at the same time, the lower throughput for you ...
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)
... Fig. 1 shows the layout of the proposed attenuator. The primary structure is quarter wavelength 10dB directional coupler at the center frequency of 5GHz. The coupler consists of two conductor layers interleaved by one substrate between the conductor layers. The coupled microstrip lines designed on t ...
... Fig. 1 shows the layout of the proposed attenuator. The primary structure is quarter wavelength 10dB directional coupler at the center frequency of 5GHz. The coupler consists of two conductor layers interleaved by one substrate between the conductor layers. The coupled microstrip lines designed on t ...
this PDF file
... et al. [17] of U.S. MicroE successfully used the optical path design of natural interference to complete the optical encoder pickup head. They indicated that the tolerance of pickup head for grating scale could be improved greatly by using wavefront compensation. In 1999, Henshaw [18] of Britain Ren ...
... et al. [17] of U.S. MicroE successfully used the optical path design of natural interference to complete the optical encoder pickup head. They indicated that the tolerance of pickup head for grating scale could be improved greatly by using wavefront compensation. In 1999, Henshaw [18] of Britain Ren ...
Generation of a dark hollow beam by a four
... the DHBs has many advantages [7], such as a smaller dark spot size, a minimal light shift of atomic internal levels, a lower photon-scattering rate, a lower atomic loss rate from photon-assisted collisions, a higher intensity gradient and so on, it would be interesting and worthwhile to generate som ...
... the DHBs has many advantages [7], such as a smaller dark spot size, a minimal light shift of atomic internal levels, a lower photon-scattering rate, a lower atomic loss rate from photon-assisted collisions, a higher intensity gradient and so on, it would be interesting and worthwhile to generate som ...
International Networks and the US-CERN Link
... education and research caused by the high cost of Internet access in many countries. The Internet enables the use of content which is vital for individuals and for institutions engaged in teaching, learning and research. In many countries use of the Internet is severely restricted by the high teleco ...
... education and research caused by the high cost of Internet access in many countries. The Internet enables the use of content which is vital for individuals and for institutions engaged in teaching, learning and research. In many countries use of the Internet is severely restricted by the high teleco ...
No Slide Title
... shorter fault switching time (~50ms) but worse network utilization. • Protection/Restoration in IP layer or application layer may take from several seconds to several minutes but has higher network utilization. • Protection/Restoration in one layer cannot be completely replaced by protection/restora ...
... shorter fault switching time (~50ms) but worse network utilization. • Protection/Restoration in IP layer or application layer may take from several seconds to several minutes but has higher network utilization. • Protection/Restoration in one layer cannot be completely replaced by protection/restora ...
- US Telecom Supply
... demands on communications networks. This is true for traditional telecom companies, wireless carriers, MSOs, utilities and a variety of other service providers. Networks must support traditional Time Division Multiplexed (TDM) services, while incorporating an ever-expanding compliment of Ethernet-ba ...
... demands on communications networks. This is true for traditional telecom companies, wireless carriers, MSOs, utilities and a variety of other service providers. Networks must support traditional Time Division Multiplexed (TDM) services, while incorporating an ever-expanding compliment of Ethernet-ba ...
Wireless Networks (continued)
... is that it was designed to allow both traditional telephone signals and data signals to be exchanged over the same wireless network ...
... is that it was designed to allow both traditional telephone signals and data signals to be exchanged over the same wireless network ...
Passive optical network
A passive optical network (PON) is a telecommunications network that uses point-to-multipoint fiber to the end-points in which unpowered optical splitters are used to enable a single optical fiber to serve multiple end-points. A PON consists of an optical line terminal (OLT) at the service provider's central office and a number of optical network units (ONUs) or Optical Network Terminals (ONTs), near end users. A PON reduces the amount of fiber and central office equipment required compared with point-to-point architectures. A passive optical network is a form of fiber-optic access network.In most cases, downstream signals are broadcast to all premises sharing multiple fibers. Encryption can prevent eavesdropping.Upstream signals are combined using a multiple access protocol, usually time division multiple access (TDMA).