OCR answers to the examination questions File
... (b) (i) Add Tollens’ reagent. Heat reaction in a water bath. But-2-enal gives a silver precipitate or silver mirror. (ii) Aldehydes can be oxidised but ketones cannot. (c) (i) CH3CH=CHCH2OH (ii) Redox reaction/reduction or addition. (d) C4H6O + 5O2 → 4CO2 + 3H2O 7 (a) (i) ...
... (b) (i) Add Tollens’ reagent. Heat reaction in a water bath. But-2-enal gives a silver precipitate or silver mirror. (ii) Aldehydes can be oxidised but ketones cannot. (c) (i) CH3CH=CHCH2OH (ii) Redox reaction/reduction or addition. (d) C4H6O + 5O2 → 4CO2 + 3H2O 7 (a) (i) ...
Chapter 4 – Part 1
... Know that Antoine Lavoisier introduced the law of conservation of matter. Define combustion Know what products and reactants are Be able to write combustion equations Know when to label the substances solid (s) , gas (g), liquid (l), or aqueous (aq) Know how to balance equations Be abl ...
... Know that Antoine Lavoisier introduced the law of conservation of matter. Define combustion Know what products and reactants are Be able to write combustion equations Know when to label the substances solid (s) , gas (g), liquid (l), or aqueous (aq) Know how to balance equations Be abl ...
13 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM W MODULE - 5
... CH3COOH (l) + C2H5OH (l) CH3COOC2H5 (l) + H2O(l) When ethyl acetate and water are formed in the forward reaction the reverse reaction also starts in which ethanol and acetic acid are formed. After some time the concentrations of all the reactants and products become constant. This happens when the ...
... CH3COOH (l) + C2H5OH (l) CH3COOC2H5 (l) + H2O(l) When ethyl acetate and water are formed in the forward reaction the reverse reaction also starts in which ethanol and acetic acid are formed. After some time the concentrations of all the reactants and products become constant. This happens when the ...
Solution-Solubility-Equilibrium
... products was sufficient to satisfy a limited perspective of reactions. To this point, Collision Theory, as an explanation for reactions, was restricted to the consideration of collisions among reactant particles only. An extension of the theory to other particle collisions suggests other possibiliti ...
... products was sufficient to satisfy a limited perspective of reactions. To this point, Collision Theory, as an explanation for reactions, was restricted to the consideration of collisions among reactant particles only. An extension of the theory to other particle collisions suggests other possibiliti ...
CHAPTER I
... An earlier notation used letters for the major electron shells: K, L, M, N, and so on, corresponding to n = 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on. That is, n is a measure of the orbital radial size or diameter. In atoms having more than one electron, two or more electrons may have the same n value. These electrons ...
... An earlier notation used letters for the major electron shells: K, L, M, N, and so on, corresponding to n = 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on. That is, n is a measure of the orbital radial size or diameter. In atoms having more than one electron, two or more electrons may have the same n value. These electrons ...
this PDF file - University of Pannonia
... When a reactor is designed the first step is to investigate the possible reactions take place in reactor, all the micro and macro processes (e.g. stirring) and operating conditions which have some influence on them. Reactors are planned and used to make value added compounds, so the most important t ...
... When a reactor is designed the first step is to investigate the possible reactions take place in reactor, all the micro and macro processes (e.g. stirring) and operating conditions which have some influence on them. Reactors are planned and used to make value added compounds, so the most important t ...
1 General Chemistry II Jasperse Entropy, Spontaneity, and Free
... 1. Convert S in J to kJ 2. Convert Temp answer in K to ºC (subtract 273) 33. Dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) decomposes to nitrogen dioxide (NO2). If ΔH° = 58.02 kJ/mol and ΔS° = 176.1 J/mol · K, at what temperature are reactants and products in their standard states at equilibrium? a. +56.5°C d. +25.0° ...
... 1. Convert S in J to kJ 2. Convert Temp answer in K to ºC (subtract 273) 33. Dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) decomposes to nitrogen dioxide (NO2). If ΔH° = 58.02 kJ/mol and ΔS° = 176.1 J/mol · K, at what temperature are reactants and products in their standard states at equilibrium? a. +56.5°C d. +25.0° ...
Chemistry_Stoichiome..
... We allow 62 g of phosphorus to react with excess oxygen which from P4O10 in 85 % yield. In the step (2) reaction 90 % yield of H3PO4 is obtained. Produced mass of H3PO4 is: a) 37.485 g b) 149.949 g c) 125.47 g d) 564.48 g 57. 0.8 mole of a mixture of CO and CO2 requires exactly 40 gram of NaOH in so ...
... We allow 62 g of phosphorus to react with excess oxygen which from P4O10 in 85 % yield. In the step (2) reaction 90 % yield of H3PO4 is obtained. Produced mass of H3PO4 is: a) 37.485 g b) 149.949 g c) 125.47 g d) 564.48 g 57. 0.8 mole of a mixture of CO and CO2 requires exactly 40 gram of NaOH in so ...
Mechanistic and Computational Studies of Ferroin, Simple Organic
... scrutiny and perhaps try to prove what they may find intriguing themselves. That being said, most potential inadequacies have already been identified and discussed. The initial goal of this study was to model the oxidation of bromomalonic acid (BMA) by Fe(1,10-phenanthroline)33+ (a.k.a. ferriin) and ...
... scrutiny and perhaps try to prove what they may find intriguing themselves. That being said, most potential inadequacies have already been identified and discussed. The initial goal of this study was to model the oxidation of bromomalonic acid (BMA) by Fe(1,10-phenanthroline)33+ (a.k.a. ferriin) and ...
base hydrolysis of cobalt(iii)
... complex have a pK a > 14, 2) the complex undergo HD exchange in D 2 O faster than its rate of base hydrolysis, 3) OH- not be a good reagent if the complex has ligands with no N-H bonds, and 4) the reaction be specifically OH - catalyzed. All four of these requirements stood up to the tests applied; ...
... complex have a pK a > 14, 2) the complex undergo HD exchange in D 2 O faster than its rate of base hydrolysis, 3) OH- not be a good reagent if the complex has ligands with no N-H bonds, and 4) the reaction be specifically OH - catalyzed. All four of these requirements stood up to the tests applied; ...
Year End Final Study 09-10
... 3) Explain the water cycle and the various stages water goes through. 4) Explain the carbon cycle and how carbon is changed from form to form. 5) List and explain the seven major Biomes. Chp. 23 1) What was the debt-for-nature swap program about. 2) Explain the difference between conservation and re ...
... 3) Explain the water cycle and the various stages water goes through. 4) Explain the carbon cycle and how carbon is changed from form to form. 5) List and explain the seven major Biomes. Chp. 23 1) What was the debt-for-nature swap program about. 2) Explain the difference between conservation and re ...
Calculations and the Chemical Equation
... carbon dioxide produced from the combustion of one mole of propane. Relating masses of reactants and products: calculation of the mass of propane needed to produce a given amount of water. Calculating a quantity of reactant: the reaction of hydrochloric acid with calcium hydroxide. Calculating react ...
... carbon dioxide produced from the combustion of one mole of propane. Relating masses of reactants and products: calculation of the mass of propane needed to produce a given amount of water. Calculating a quantity of reactant: the reaction of hydrochloric acid with calcium hydroxide. Calculating react ...
CHAPTER 19
... donated a share of its bonding electron to the chlorine; it has not completely transferred that electron. The assignment of oxidation numbers allows an approximation of the electron distribution of a molecule. An element can have different oxidation numbers in different compounds. This difference in ...
... donated a share of its bonding electron to the chlorine; it has not completely transferred that electron. The assignment of oxidation numbers allows an approximation of the electron distribution of a molecule. An element can have different oxidation numbers in different compounds. This difference in ...
Synthesis gas purification.
... Chemical compounds containing metal atoms, such as mercury, iron or nickel, can be found as impurities in synthesis gases. Usually mercury in hydrocarbons can be found as elemental (Hg0), oxidized (Hg2+), and particle-bounded (HgP) [39]. Mercury contents in petcoke and coal may vary from 50 to 500 m ...
... Chemical compounds containing metal atoms, such as mercury, iron or nickel, can be found as impurities in synthesis gases. Usually mercury in hydrocarbons can be found as elemental (Hg0), oxidized (Hg2+), and particle-bounded (HgP) [39]. Mercury contents in petcoke and coal may vary from 50 to 500 m ...
Dissolution of Calcareous Phosphate Rock from Gafsa
... Figure 11, present the results from leaching tests under different reaction times at room temperature using the two samples (PC and PN). In all cases, with increasing of reaction time, the extent of dissolution (α) increases. After 10 min of reaction time, the extent of dissolution remains constant ...
... Figure 11, present the results from leaching tests under different reaction times at room temperature using the two samples (PC and PN). In all cases, with increasing of reaction time, the extent of dissolution (α) increases. After 10 min of reaction time, the extent of dissolution remains constant ...
Thermochemistry
... object (various types of molecular motion and the movement of electrons within molecules). Potential energy - energy available by virtue of an object’s position (determined by the attractive and repulsive forces at the atomic level) . It is impossible to measure all these contributions accurately, s ...
... object (various types of molecular motion and the movement of electrons within molecules). Potential energy - energy available by virtue of an object’s position (determined by the attractive and repulsive forces at the atomic level) . It is impossible to measure all these contributions accurately, s ...
Chemistry
... smallest particle of matter. It translates to mean something that is indivisible. In the eighteenth century, the chemist John Dalton, revived the term when he suggested that each element was made up of unique atoms and the atoms of an element are all the same. At that time, there were about 35 known ...
... smallest particle of matter. It translates to mean something that is indivisible. In the eighteenth century, the chemist John Dalton, revived the term when he suggested that each element was made up of unique atoms and the atoms of an element are all the same. At that time, there were about 35 known ...
Chapter 4: Aqueous Solutions (Chs 4 and 5 in Jespersen, Ch4 in
... Chemical equilibrium - chemical equilibrium is the state in which both reactants and products are present in concentrations which have no further tendency to change with time. Usually, this state results when the forward reaction proceeds at the same rate as the reverse reaction. The reaction rates ...
... Chemical equilibrium - chemical equilibrium is the state in which both reactants and products are present in concentrations which have no further tendency to change with time. Usually, this state results when the forward reaction proceeds at the same rate as the reverse reaction. The reaction rates ...
Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry /ˌstɔɪkiˈɒmɨtri/ is the calculation of relative quantities of reactants and products in chemical reactions.Stoichiometry is founded on the law of conservation of mass where the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products leading to the insight that the relations among quantities of reactants and products typically form a ratio of positive integers. This means that if the amounts of the separate reactants are known, then the amount of the product can be calculated. Conversely, if one reactant has a known quantity and the quantity of product can be empirically determined, then the amount of the other reactants can also be calculated.As seen in the image to the right, where the balanced equation is:CH4 + 2 O2 → CO2 + 2 H2O.Here, one molecule of methane reacts with two molecules of oxygen gas to yield one molecule of carbon dioxide and two molecules of water. Stoichiometry measures these quantitative relationships, and is used to determine the amount of products/reactants that are produced/needed in a given reaction. Describing the quantitative relationships among substances as they participate in chemical reactions is known as reaction stoichiometry. In the example above, reaction stoichiometry measures the relationship between the methane and oxygen as they react to form carbon dioxide and water.Because of the well known relationship of moles to atomic weights, the ratios that are arrived at by stoichiometry can be used to determine quantities by weight in a reaction described by a balanced equation. This is called composition stoichiometry.Gas stoichiometry deals with reactions involving gases, where the gases are at a known temperature, pressure, and volume and can be assumed to be ideal gases. For gases, the volume ratio is ideally the same by the ideal gas law, but the mass ratio of a single reaction has to be calculated from the molecular masses of the reactants and products. In practice, due to the existence of isotopes, molar masses are used instead when calculating the mass ratio.