Pro Roscio Amerino INTRODUCTION
... The recent past was essential to Cicero's defense; his task was to exploit this past without directly implicating Sulla in the specific case at issue. To elicit emotional support, Cicero refers frequently to the civil war, yet finishes by blaming abuse of Sulla's victory by people such as the T. Ros ...
... The recent past was essential to Cicero's defense; his task was to exploit this past without directly implicating Sulla in the specific case at issue. To elicit emotional support, Cicero refers frequently to the civil war, yet finishes by blaming abuse of Sulla's victory by people such as the T. Ros ...
The Spartacus War. - Michigan War Studies Review
... the slave leader is the lack of ancient sources about him. The sequence of his extraordinary actions is fairly clear, but his motivations are not. Spartacus himself left no autobiography (we do not even know if he was literate); most if not all of his followers were certainly illiterate, and the few ...
... the slave leader is the lack of ancient sources about him. The sequence of his extraordinary actions is fairly clear, but his motivations are not. Spartacus himself left no autobiography (we do not even know if he was literate); most if not all of his followers were certainly illiterate, and the few ...
Tyrian Purple - Semantic Scholar
... further significance to color beyond what is required to enable the greatest percentage of survival. The unique correlation human brains make between colors and emotions, such as purple for prestige, is derived from the evolution of a direct link between the visual sense and the neocortex portion o ...
... further significance to color beyond what is required to enable the greatest percentage of survival. The unique correlation human brains make between colors and emotions, such as purple for prestige, is derived from the evolution of a direct link between the visual sense and the neocortex portion o ...
THE THEATER OF POMPEY: AN UNPRECEDENTED MONUMENT
... decided that he needed to leave them with something more tangible: a permanent stone theater. Erecting monuments to one’s own achievements was a long-standing practice in ancient Rome. Visual reminders, mostly small porticos and temples, abounded. Many were decorated with stolen treasures or war boo ...
... decided that he needed to leave them with something more tangible: a permanent stone theater. Erecting monuments to one’s own achievements was a long-standing practice in ancient Rome. Visual reminders, mostly small porticos and temples, abounded. Many were decorated with stolen treasures or war boo ...
Engineering Power: The Roman Triumph as Material Expression of
... back out into the provinces and areas of conquest. This new visual language of power used what had been a peculiarly Roman visual language to advertise their power and authority to the people they conquered. Consequently, the material culture of the triumph became a material expression of power that ...
... back out into the provinces and areas of conquest. This new visual language of power used what had been a peculiarly Roman visual language to advertise their power and authority to the people they conquered. Consequently, the material culture of the triumph became a material expression of power that ...
Who is Arminius? - University of Vermont
... life, and were becoming different without knowing it. But when Quintilius Varus became governor of the province of Germany, … he strove to change them more rapidly.”; see also: Velleius Paterculus 2.117.2 9 Dio. 56.18.1: “The Romans were holding portions of [Germany]—not entire regions, but merely s ...
... life, and were becoming different without knowing it. But when Quintilius Varus became governor of the province of Germany, … he strove to change them more rapidly.”; see also: Velleius Paterculus 2.117.2 9 Dio. 56.18.1: “The Romans were holding portions of [Germany]—not entire regions, but merely s ...
2 nd C. BCE
... Took over iron industry 5th-4th c. BCE Expanded via military threat and incentives ...
... Took over iron industry 5th-4th c. BCE Expanded via military threat and incentives ...
Pompey`s politics and the presentation of his theatre
... not easily forget the powerful image Pompey staged for himself. They regarded him as a world conqueror and formidable leader.5 In spite of all this triumph Pompey also returned to Rome under unfavourable conditions. The majority of the senate did not respect the great general. He came from a recent ...
... not easily forget the powerful image Pompey staged for himself. They regarded him as a world conqueror and formidable leader.5 In spite of all this triumph Pompey also returned to Rome under unfavourable conditions. The majority of the senate did not respect the great general. He came from a recent ...
The Roman Salute - The Ohio State University
... other right-wing or nationalist movements. Those executing this gesture extended their stiff right arm frontally and raised it to roughly 135 degrees from the body’s vertical axis, with the palm of the hand facing down and the fingers touching. According to the Fascist ideology of the 1920s and in c ...
... other right-wing or nationalist movements. Those executing this gesture extended their stiff right arm frontally and raised it to roughly 135 degrees from the body’s vertical axis, with the palm of the hand facing down and the fingers touching. According to the Fascist ideology of the 1920s and in c ...
Aeneid, Books 1–3
... nor that Homer was too unsophisticated to show development in his characters; but it is the case that Homer’s chief protagonists, and other characters, tend to arrive ready-formed with the character traits they will need in the context of the poem’s plot and the time-period it covers. Achilleus is ...
... nor that Homer was too unsophisticated to show development in his characters; but it is the case that Homer’s chief protagonists, and other characters, tend to arrive ready-formed with the character traits they will need in the context of the poem’s plot and the time-period it covers. Achilleus is ...
aus: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 92 (1992) 181–195
... young men in 'ancient times' (apud antiquos) such as the Rulli, Decii and Corvini had acquired the consulship, and that even in more recent years (recentiore autem memoria) Scipio Africanus and T.Flamininus were elected consuls admodum adulescentes (Phil. 5.48). But this comment should not be taken ...
... young men in 'ancient times' (apud antiquos) such as the Rulli, Decii and Corvini had acquired the consulship, and that even in more recent years (recentiore autem memoria) Scipio Africanus and T.Flamininus were elected consuls admodum adulescentes (Phil. 5.48). But this comment should not be taken ...
Emperor NERO at the Circus Maximus (Ancient Rome)
... pulled by four horses. Nero hitched 10 horses to his chariot to give himself a huge advantage over the other racers. ...
... pulled by four horses. Nero hitched 10 horses to his chariot to give himself a huge advantage over the other racers. ...
Nero at the Circus Maximus - Our Original Presentations in
... pulled by four horses. Nero hitched 10 horses to his chariot to give himself a huge advantage over the other racers. ...
... pulled by four horses. Nero hitched 10 horses to his chariot to give himself a huge advantage over the other racers. ...
Emperor NERO at the Circus Maximus (Ancient Rome)
... pulled by four horses. Nero hitched 10 horses to his chariot to give himself a huge advantage over the other racers. ...
... pulled by four horses. Nero hitched 10 horses to his chariot to give himself a huge advantage over the other racers. ...
Rome`s vestal virgins: public spectacle and society
... The status and significance of the Vestals, this thesis argues, is best characterized as a Roman spectacle. The term spectacle invokes a variety of connotations and meanings, but it is utilized in a specific context within this work. Although a much more detailed discussion of this concept is expoun ...
... The status and significance of the Vestals, this thesis argues, is best characterized as a Roman spectacle. The term spectacle invokes a variety of connotations and meanings, but it is utilized in a specific context within this work. Although a much more detailed discussion of this concept is expoun ...
THE SAMNITE LEGACY: - University of Lethbridge
... maniple system. Among those contributions omitted are the Samnite influences on Roman foreign policy, land reforms, and the emergence of a patrician-plebian aristocracy.4 While these adaptations prove to be due to indirect Samnite influence rather than any perceived Samnitic origin, this is not the ...
... maniple system. Among those contributions omitted are the Samnite influences on Roman foreign policy, land reforms, and the emergence of a patrician-plebian aristocracy.4 While these adaptations prove to be due to indirect Samnite influence rather than any perceived Samnitic origin, this is not the ...
Roman economy
The history of the Roman economy covers the period of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. Recent research has led to a positive reevaluation of the size and sophistication of the Roman economy.Moses Finley was the chief proponent of the primitivist view that the Roman economy was ""underdeveloped and underachieving,"" characterized by subsistence agriculture; urban centres that consumed more than they produced in terms of trade and industry; low-status artisans; slowly developing technology; and a ""lack of economic rationality."" Current views are more complex. Territorial conquests permitted a large-scale reorganization of land use that resulted in agricultural surplus and specialization, particularly in north Africa. Some cities were known for particular industries or commercial activities, and the scale of building in urban areas indicates a significant construction industry. Papyri preserve complex accounting methods that suggest elements of economic rationalism, and the Empire was highly monetized. Although the means of communication and transport were limited in antiquity, transportation in the 1st and 2nd centuries expanded greatly, and trade routes connected regional economies. The supply contracts for the army, which pervaded every part of the Empire, drew on local suppliers near the base (castrum), throughout the province, and across provincial borders. The Empire is perhaps best thought of as a network of regional economies, based on a form of ""political capitalism"" in which the state monitored and regulated commerce to assure its own revenues. Economic growth, though not comparable to modern economies, was greater than that of most other societies prior to industrialization.Socially, economic dynamism opened up one of the avenues of social mobility in the Roman Empire. Social advancement was thus not dependent solely on birth, patronage, good luck, or even extraordinary ability. Although aristocratic values permeated traditional elite society, a strong tendency toward plutocracy is indicated by the wealth requirements for census rank. Prestige could be obtained through investing one's wealth in ways that advertised it appropriately: grand country estates or townhouses, durable luxury items such as jewels and silverware, public entertainments, funerary monuments for family members or coworkers, and religious dedications such as altars. Guilds (collegia) and corporations (corpora) provided support for individuals to succeed through networking, sharing sound business practices, and a willingness to work.