romans on the don
... because they preferred other materials such as leather, wood and metal to make cooking, eating and storage vessels. Those Iron Age pots that are found were made by building up coils of clay. We do not know what people used these pots for, but they may have had a special significance. One almost comp ...
... because they preferred other materials such as leather, wood and metal to make cooking, eating and storage vessels. Those Iron Age pots that are found were made by building up coils of clay. We do not know what people used these pots for, but they may have had a special significance. One almost comp ...
The Georgics - CAI Teachers
... been dispossessed during the civil wars (including Virgil’s father) and many other small farmers had been bought out by wealthier landowners. Italy’s agricultural land was divided mostly into large estates (latifundia) rather than modest farms. These estates were not worked by Roman citizens but by ...
... been dispossessed during the civil wars (including Virgil’s father) and many other small farmers had been bought out by wealthier landowners. Italy’s agricultural land was divided mostly into large estates (latifundia) rather than modest farms. These estates were not worked by Roman citizens but by ...
Beiträge zur Alten Geschichte Papyrologie und Epigraphik
... as a civic honour in inscriptions from several cities in Greece (Athens, Argos, Messene), Asia Minor (Ephesus, Magnesia, Aphrodisias, Tralles, Hadrianoi, Arykanda) and the island of Kos from both the Hellenistic and Roman periods. In comparison with traditional timai such as statues, crowns, privile ...
... as a civic honour in inscriptions from several cities in Greece (Athens, Argos, Messene), Asia Minor (Ephesus, Magnesia, Aphrodisias, Tralles, Hadrianoi, Arykanda) and the island of Kos from both the Hellenistic and Roman periods. In comparison with traditional timai such as statues, crowns, privile ...
- Indiana Council for the Social Studies
... Leadership Institute in Washington D.C. in July. Workshops focused on how to work at the state and national level to promote and support the social studies. They were able to meet with Senate and Representative staffers and even met briefly with Senator Joe Donnelly. They will be sharing this infor ...
... Leadership Institute in Washington D.C. in July. Workshops focused on how to work at the state and national level to promote and support the social studies. They were able to meet with Senate and Representative staffers and even met briefly with Senator Joe Donnelly. They will be sharing this infor ...
Cincinnatus, 458 BC - Latter
... Before evening Cincinnatus and his army marched out of the city for the Alban Hills, where the Romans were shut up. They reached the place in the early morning and formed in a line all around the hills. The Aquians then found themselves hemmed in on every side between two Roman armies—the army of Mi ...
... Before evening Cincinnatus and his army marched out of the city for the Alban Hills, where the Romans were shut up. They reached the place in the early morning and formed in a line all around the hills. The Aquians then found themselves hemmed in on every side between two Roman armies—the army of Mi ...
Kelsey Grant
... while a crowd of our men was still keeping up the fight, hopeless as it was, I and two others hid in an obscure corner of the town and escaped through an unguarded postern under cover of night.”.11 This whole scene is crucial in understanding Ammianus and his thought process during the time of the s ...
... while a crowd of our men was still keeping up the fight, hopeless as it was, I and two others hid in an obscure corner of the town and escaped through an unguarded postern under cover of night.”.11 This whole scene is crucial in understanding Ammianus and his thought process during the time of the s ...
Weather-lore, beliefs and sayings
... was established as the first month of the year by the Roman Calendar. It was named after the god Janus (Latin word for door). Janus had two faces, which allowed him to look both backwards into the old year and forwards into the new one at the same time. He was the ‘spirit of the opening’. In the ver ...
... was established as the first month of the year by the Roman Calendar. It was named after the god Janus (Latin word for door). Janus had two faces, which allowed him to look both backwards into the old year and forwards into the new one at the same time. He was the ‘spirit of the opening’. In the ver ...
Ancient Rome - HRSBSTAFF Home Page
... of Italian peninsula, including Rome and the island of Corsica. ...
... of Italian peninsula, including Rome and the island of Corsica. ...
Kingdom of Osroene
... ܡܠܟܘܬܐ ܕܒܝܬ ܐܘܪܗܝMalkūṯā d-Bayt ʿŌrhai) and sometimes known by the name of its capital city, Edessa (modern Şanlıurfa, Turkey), was a historical kingdom located in upper Mesopotamia, [1] which enjoyed semi-autonomy to complete independence from the years of 132 BC to AD 244.[2][3] It was a Syriac ...
... ܡܠܟܘܬܐ ܕܒܝܬ ܐܘܪܗܝMalkūṯā d-Bayt ʿŌrhai) and sometimes known by the name of its capital city, Edessa (modern Şanlıurfa, Turkey), was a historical kingdom located in upper Mesopotamia, [1] which enjoyed semi-autonomy to complete independence from the years of 132 BC to AD 244.[2][3] It was a Syriac ...
FROM POPLICOLA TO AUGUSTUS: SENATORIAL HOUSES IN
... colleges. Also, any statement made in public (anything from orders to casual chat and jokes) was audible to a wider group of people. Roman political culture made this openness increasingly mandatory for the elite, since it provided the basic prerequisite for the elite’s attempts to display social di ...
... colleges. Also, any statement made in public (anything from orders to casual chat and jokes) was audible to a wider group of people. Roman political culture made this openness increasingly mandatory for the elite, since it provided the basic prerequisite for the elite’s attempts to display social di ...
Octavian And Egyptian Cults: Redrawing The Boundaries Of
... http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/ajp/summary/v129/129.2.orlin.html ...
... http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/ajp/summary/v129/129.2.orlin.html ...
Persian Occupation of Egypt 619-629: Politics and
... meant the control of the Near East and the trade routes to India and Europe. 18 Egypt had always been primarily an agricultural society which was dependant on the Nile flood waters and it had harnessed the river by an extensive network of local canals.19 Even though Egypt was so rich, it was not wel ...
... meant the control of the Near East and the trade routes to India and Europe. 18 Egypt had always been primarily an agricultural society which was dependant on the Nile flood waters and it had harnessed the river by an extensive network of local canals.19 Even though Egypt was so rich, it was not wel ...
Edyta Gryksa "Gladius" and "ensis" in the Roman civilisation
... Punic War (218-201 BC) during the conquest o f Hispania.8 It underwent numer ous modifications over the years. There are two variants known from the Empire: heavier and lighter. Differed in weight, length of blade, width and build itself. The lighter variant of gladius, thanks to less complicated c ...
... Punic War (218-201 BC) during the conquest o f Hispania.8 It underwent numer ous modifications over the years. There are two variants known from the Empire: heavier and lighter. Differed in weight, length of blade, width and build itself. The lighter variant of gladius, thanks to less complicated c ...
Rome and the Punic Wars – A Growing Empire. Die Bedeutung der
... Corsica: island south-west of France in the Mediterranean (Korsika) day labourer: a person who is employed and paid for single days only, for as long as there is work to do (Tagelöhner) province: a territory that a Roman magistrate held control of on behalf of his government. The magistrate, usually ...
... Corsica: island south-west of France in the Mediterranean (Korsika) day labourer: a person who is employed and paid for single days only, for as long as there is work to do (Tagelöhner) province: a territory that a Roman magistrate held control of on behalf of his government. The magistrate, usually ...
ASTRONOMICAL SYMBOLS ON COINS OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC
... Continuing our presentation of ancient coins with astronomical symbols, in this paper we show some Roman coins with this same subject, as we’ve done with the ancient Greek ones. Actually, in this first Paper of the ancient Roman coins, we present those covering the interval from the third century BC ...
... Continuing our presentation of ancient coins with astronomical symbols, in this paper we show some Roman coins with this same subject, as we’ve done with the ancient Greek ones. Actually, in this first Paper of the ancient Roman coins, we present those covering the interval from the third century BC ...
constantinian arles and its christian Minters
... site. The homes, shops, and bathhouses which graced the ancient town of Arelate are now largely replaced by the structures of the modern city of Arles. Although it was not a provincial capital, such as Narbo or Lugdunum, the wealth of its Roman remains still in situ and in museums reveals that it wa ...
... site. The homes, shops, and bathhouses which graced the ancient town of Arelate are now largely replaced by the structures of the modern city of Arles. Although it was not a provincial capital, such as Narbo or Lugdunum, the wealth of its Roman remains still in situ and in museums reveals that it wa ...
Mary Beard reviews `Caligula` by Aloys Winterling, translated by
... point to ‘empty flattery’ in the Augustan system. It could sometimes (as the story of the senators requesting an annual recitation of Caligula’s speech shows) be used by the flatterers as a mechanism of control over the object of their flattery. More often the very emptiness of it allowed the senato ...
... point to ‘empty flattery’ in the Augustan system. It could sometimes (as the story of the senators requesting an annual recitation of Caligula’s speech shows) be used by the flatterers as a mechanism of control over the object of their flattery. More often the very emptiness of it allowed the senato ...
Some Hypotheses on the Duel of Manlius Torquatus and a Gaul
... tradition. Interestingly, the annalistic tradition seems not to have portrayed the Gaul in splendid battle attire, but instead naked, which may well reflect a real circumstance as well as being a rather widely distributed topos in classical literature already at that date.10 The Gaul in Quadrigarius ...
... tradition. Interestingly, the annalistic tradition seems not to have portrayed the Gaul in splendid battle attire, but instead naked, which may well reflect a real circumstance as well as being a rather widely distributed topos in classical literature already at that date.10 The Gaul in Quadrigarius ...
E-V13 and J-M12, sub-haplogroups of E3b and J2e, as possible
... centuries, brought thousands of soldiers from the Balkan peninsula to Britain as part of auxiliary units and as regular legionnaires. The presence of Haplogroup E3b1a-M78 among the male populations of present-day Wales, England and Scotland, and its nearly complete absence among the modern male popu ...
... centuries, brought thousands of soldiers from the Balkan peninsula to Britain as part of auxiliary units and as regular legionnaires. The presence of Haplogroup E3b1a-M78 among the male populations of present-day Wales, England and Scotland, and its nearly complete absence among the modern male popu ...
Stage 6: Sulla
... and can be killed by any citizen in Rome for a bounty. Sulla would post lists of the people he deemed enemies of the state. After these people were killed he auctioned off their land and property to other aristocrats. It is believed that 1,500 people were put on the proscription lists, but some scho ...
... and can be killed by any citizen in Rome for a bounty. Sulla would post lists of the people he deemed enemies of the state. After these people were killed he auctioned off their land and property to other aristocrats. It is believed that 1,500 people were put on the proscription lists, but some scho ...
Molding Minds: The Roman Use of the Cuirassed Statue in Defining
... originally of this deity or of an important mortal.2 On the breastplate itself the musculature of the human torso was often imitated to a flattering decree (i.e. large pectorals, chiseled abdominal muscles, etc.).3 Such glamorization adheres to the nature of idealization in ancient sculpture. Tradit ...
... originally of this deity or of an important mortal.2 On the breastplate itself the musculature of the human torso was often imitated to a flattering decree (i.e. large pectorals, chiseled abdominal muscles, etc.).3 Such glamorization adheres to the nature of idealization in ancient sculpture. Tradit ...
Roman economy
The history of the Roman economy covers the period of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. Recent research has led to a positive reevaluation of the size and sophistication of the Roman economy.Moses Finley was the chief proponent of the primitivist view that the Roman economy was ""underdeveloped and underachieving,"" characterized by subsistence agriculture; urban centres that consumed more than they produced in terms of trade and industry; low-status artisans; slowly developing technology; and a ""lack of economic rationality."" Current views are more complex. Territorial conquests permitted a large-scale reorganization of land use that resulted in agricultural surplus and specialization, particularly in north Africa. Some cities were known for particular industries or commercial activities, and the scale of building in urban areas indicates a significant construction industry. Papyri preserve complex accounting methods that suggest elements of economic rationalism, and the Empire was highly monetized. Although the means of communication and transport were limited in antiquity, transportation in the 1st and 2nd centuries expanded greatly, and trade routes connected regional economies. The supply contracts for the army, which pervaded every part of the Empire, drew on local suppliers near the base (castrum), throughout the province, and across provincial borders. The Empire is perhaps best thought of as a network of regional economies, based on a form of ""political capitalism"" in which the state monitored and regulated commerce to assure its own revenues. Economic growth, though not comparable to modern economies, was greater than that of most other societies prior to industrialization.Socially, economic dynamism opened up one of the avenues of social mobility in the Roman Empire. Social advancement was thus not dependent solely on birth, patronage, good luck, or even extraordinary ability. Although aristocratic values permeated traditional elite society, a strong tendency toward plutocracy is indicated by the wealth requirements for census rank. Prestige could be obtained through investing one's wealth in ways that advertised it appropriately: grand country estates or townhouses, durable luxury items such as jewels and silverware, public entertainments, funerary monuments for family members or coworkers, and religious dedications such as altars. Guilds (collegia) and corporations (corpora) provided support for individuals to succeed through networking, sharing sound business practices, and a willingness to work.