Imperial fora
... seen on the right in front of the larger Column of TrajanFor centuries, the Roman Forum (Forum Romanum) was the civic, juridical, and social heart of the ancient city of Rome, a place where civic buildings, sacred buildings, and monuments were to be both found and admired. Beginning in the first cen ...
... seen on the right in front of the larger Column of TrajanFor centuries, the Roman Forum (Forum Romanum) was the civic, juridical, and social heart of the ancient city of Rome, a place where civic buildings, sacred buildings, and monuments were to be both found and admired. Beginning in the first cen ...
fall of the roman republic
... (We see the whole company in a circle around Vesta- the living Delia Smith or Nigella Lawson. They wear aprons and raise their hands to "the Great Domestic Goddess." They then pass a clap around to the rhythm of "Patty Cake" At first the rhythm is so slow that one can't make out the rime. As the tem ...
... (We see the whole company in a circle around Vesta- the living Delia Smith or Nigella Lawson. They wear aprons and raise their hands to "the Great Domestic Goddess." They then pass a clap around to the rhythm of "Patty Cake" At first the rhythm is so slow that one can't make out the rime. As the tem ...
On The Genealogy of Morals - Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies
... instead capable of being an owner of property. It is to have rights and to be able to appeal to the law for the enforcement of one’s rights. The tendency over the centuries has been for first adult male children, and then slaves, and then women to become emancipated. Today there is a tendency for ev ...
... instead capable of being an owner of property. It is to have rights and to be able to appeal to the law for the enforcement of one’s rights. The tendency over the centuries has been for first adult male children, and then slaves, and then women to become emancipated. Today there is a tendency for ev ...
Reforms of the Gracchi Brothers
... The party of the consul Opimius planned to revoke the Gracchi laws, and both factions (i.e., Gracchus and Opimius political groups) gathered at the capitol. A servant of Opimius, who made an insulting gesture, was stabbed to death by a crowd with long iron writing implements. This gave Opimius the e ...
... The party of the consul Opimius planned to revoke the Gracchi laws, and both factions (i.e., Gracchus and Opimius political groups) gathered at the capitol. A servant of Opimius, who made an insulting gesture, was stabbed to death by a crowd with long iron writing implements. This gave Opimius the e ...
Cicero in Catilīnam
... Catiline’s pursuit was marked by a desperation greater than that which burdened most Roman noblemen, primarily because of the decline in recent decades of his family’s prestige and fiscal security. For Catiline, obtaining the highest offices of the Roman state was both a birthright and a practical n ...
... Catiline’s pursuit was marked by a desperation greater than that which burdened most Roman noblemen, primarily because of the decline in recent decades of his family’s prestige and fiscal security. For Catiline, obtaining the highest offices of the Roman state was both a birthright and a practical n ...
Document #2 Caesar, Julius (100–44 BC)
... 150,000. He inaugurated a building program and passed laws to regulate traffic and open spaces and to provide for the upkeep of roads. The system of taxation in some of the provinces was reformed, and Roman citizenship was generously bestowed on many provinces. Colonies were founded for his veterans ...
... 150,000. He inaugurated a building program and passed laws to regulate traffic and open spaces and to provide for the upkeep of roads. The system of taxation in some of the provinces was reformed, and Roman citizenship was generously bestowed on many provinces. Colonies were founded for his veterans ...
CHAPTER 7, SECTION 3
... Things We Already Know • Prior to 367 B.C.E. and The Law of the Twelve Tables, plebeians could not be senators or consuls. • Patricians gave in to these demands because plebeians refused to fight in Rome’s wars. • Patricians were becoming increasingly rich, taking over plebeian land and bringing in ...
... Things We Already Know • Prior to 367 B.C.E. and The Law of the Twelve Tables, plebeians could not be senators or consuls. • Patricians gave in to these demands because plebeians refused to fight in Rome’s wars. • Patricians were becoming increasingly rich, taking over plebeian land and bringing in ...
Issue 8 (2013) © Frances Foster, University of
... as ‘the adventus, the triumph and the funeral’ (Ewald and Noreña 2010: 40), illustrating the public impact of such rituals. These were also moments which the court poet would be expected to record for the benefit of both the court and state. The Western Emperor had not held court or even resided at ...
... as ‘the adventus, the triumph and the funeral’ (Ewald and Noreña 2010: 40), illustrating the public impact of such rituals. These were also moments which the court poet would be expected to record for the benefit of both the court and state. The Western Emperor had not held court or even resided at ...
EASTERN RELIGIOUS INFLUENCES IN THE IMPERIAL ROMAN
... the majority of the imperial army was in the provinces, there had to be a constant supply of men to fill their garrisons. During Julius Caesar’s campaigns, troops for the legions were recruited every year. These troops were Roman citizens.8 Augustus, however, began recruiting from outside of Italy i ...
... the majority of the imperial army was in the provinces, there had to be a constant supply of men to fill their garrisons. During Julius Caesar’s campaigns, troops for the legions were recruited every year. These troops were Roman citizens.8 Augustus, however, began recruiting from outside of Italy i ...
Hadrian`s Wall: Romanization on Rome`s Northern
... most dramatic and harsh terrain in Britannia and cutting the island in half. Hadrian was concerned with consolidating and defining the Empire he received in AD 117, unlike his predecessor Trajan, who had continued the policy of unbridled expansion of Rome’s borders. The building of the wall defined ...
... most dramatic and harsh terrain in Britannia and cutting the island in half. Hadrian was concerned with consolidating and defining the Empire he received in AD 117, unlike his predecessor Trajan, who had continued the policy of unbridled expansion of Rome’s borders. The building of the wall defined ...
THE TREATY WITH SAGUNTUM
... set out above, would have given them an unanswerable case? The most likely answer is that the treaty was not in fact a point at issue, that is, that both sides were in agreement that, in so far as matters were regulated by the treaty with Hasdrubal. the Romans had no right to interfere south of the ...
... set out above, would have given them an unanswerable case? The most likely answer is that the treaty was not in fact a point at issue, that is, that both sides were in agreement that, in so far as matters were regulated by the treaty with Hasdrubal. the Romans had no right to interfere south of the ...
Chapter 33 – The Rise of the Roman Republic What were the
... Over time, the patricians came to resent Etruscan rule. In 509 B.C.E., a group of patricians, led by Lucius Junius Brutus, rebelled. They drove out the last Etruscan king. In place of a monarchy, they created a republic. In a republic, elected officials govern for the people. To the patricians, “the ...
... Over time, the patricians came to resent Etruscan rule. In 509 B.C.E., a group of patricians, led by Lucius Junius Brutus, rebelled. They drove out the last Etruscan king. In place of a monarchy, they created a republic. In a republic, elected officials govern for the people. To the patricians, “the ...
Caesar`s Rule and Caesar`s Death: Who Lost
... To people today one of his biggest achievements is almost unnoticed – his restructuring of the debt crisis, which was wracking Rome’s economy. He forbade the hoarding of currency, reduced extortionist interest rates, allowed debts to be paid in land, not cash and cancelled all accrued interest due s ...
... To people today one of his biggest achievements is almost unnoticed – his restructuring of the debt crisis, which was wracking Rome’s economy. He forbade the hoarding of currency, reduced extortionist interest rates, allowed debts to be paid in land, not cash and cancelled all accrued interest due s ...
A rough schedule
... Brief survey of complex process of collapse of Republic. By the mid-first century BC, a few individuals (Caesar, Pompey, Crassus) had become enormously wealthy, largely through spoils of conquest of vast overseas territories; armies increasingly loyal to them rather than the Senate (hope of booty an ...
... Brief survey of complex process of collapse of Republic. By the mid-first century BC, a few individuals (Caesar, Pompey, Crassus) had become enormously wealthy, largely through spoils of conquest of vast overseas territories; armies increasingly loyal to them rather than the Senate (hope of booty an ...
Pre-U Latin 9788 – Resource List – Version 1
... ISBN (13-digit)* Year published* Edition number* Publisher URL Resource URL ...
... ISBN (13-digit)* Year published* Edition number* Publisher URL Resource URL ...
Clandestine Curses: Hidden Dangers to
... typical circus (Figure 1). From the mosaic one can easily make out the oval race track with the long spina at its center. Up to twelve four-horse chariot teams would have raced around this spina in a counter clockwise direction. The spina was typically filled with war trophies and exotic objects to ...
... typical circus (Figure 1). From the mosaic one can easily make out the oval race track with the long spina at its center. Up to twelve four-horse chariot teams would have raced around this spina in a counter clockwise direction. The spina was typically filled with war trophies and exotic objects to ...
Kinship - New Lexington
... • Definition – Twin brother of Romulus and was killed by his brother in a fight about Rome’s location. ...
... • Definition – Twin brother of Romulus and was killed by his brother in a fight about Rome’s location. ...
Today we move from the theme of Alienation to the theme of
... Pompey, and Crassus (a wealthy banker), fell apart … Crassus died, leaving Pompey and Caesar, but Pompey was jealous of Caesar’s power and popularity, and when Caesar’s only legitimate, ...
... Pompey, and Crassus (a wealthy banker), fell apart … Crassus died, leaving Pompey and Caesar, but Pompey was jealous of Caesar’s power and popularity, and when Caesar’s only legitimate, ...
Roman economy
The history of the Roman economy covers the period of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. Recent research has led to a positive reevaluation of the size and sophistication of the Roman economy.Moses Finley was the chief proponent of the primitivist view that the Roman economy was ""underdeveloped and underachieving,"" characterized by subsistence agriculture; urban centres that consumed more than they produced in terms of trade and industry; low-status artisans; slowly developing technology; and a ""lack of economic rationality."" Current views are more complex. Territorial conquests permitted a large-scale reorganization of land use that resulted in agricultural surplus and specialization, particularly in north Africa. Some cities were known for particular industries or commercial activities, and the scale of building in urban areas indicates a significant construction industry. Papyri preserve complex accounting methods that suggest elements of economic rationalism, and the Empire was highly monetized. Although the means of communication and transport were limited in antiquity, transportation in the 1st and 2nd centuries expanded greatly, and trade routes connected regional economies. The supply contracts for the army, which pervaded every part of the Empire, drew on local suppliers near the base (castrum), throughout the province, and across provincial borders. The Empire is perhaps best thought of as a network of regional economies, based on a form of ""political capitalism"" in which the state monitored and regulated commerce to assure its own revenues. Economic growth, though not comparable to modern economies, was greater than that of most other societies prior to industrialization.Socially, economic dynamism opened up one of the avenues of social mobility in the Roman Empire. Social advancement was thus not dependent solely on birth, patronage, good luck, or even extraordinary ability. Although aristocratic values permeated traditional elite society, a strong tendency toward plutocracy is indicated by the wealth requirements for census rank. Prestige could be obtained through investing one's wealth in ways that advertised it appropriately: grand country estates or townhouses, durable luxury items such as jewels and silverware, public entertainments, funerary monuments for family members or coworkers, and religious dedications such as altars. Guilds (collegia) and corporations (corpora) provided support for individuals to succeed through networking, sharing sound business practices, and a willingness to work.