Today we move from the theme of Alienation to the theme of
... Pompey, and Crassus (a wealthy banker), fell apart … Crassus died, leaving Pompey and Caesar, but Pompey was jealous of Caesar’s power and popularity, and when Caesar’s only legitimate, ...
... Pompey, and Crassus (a wealthy banker), fell apart … Crassus died, leaving Pompey and Caesar, but Pompey was jealous of Caesar’s power and popularity, and when Caesar’s only legitimate, ...
Adoption in ancient times
... of Roman emperors like Tiberius, Caligula, Nero, Antoninus Pius, Marcus Aurelius (161–180), Hadrian (117–138), and Trajan (98–117), were adopted. Why did so many Roman emperors adopt their successors? The lack of natural heirs was the main reason why all these emperors were all adopted. Only some of ...
... of Roman emperors like Tiberius, Caligula, Nero, Antoninus Pius, Marcus Aurelius (161–180), Hadrian (117–138), and Trajan (98–117), were adopted. Why did so many Roman emperors adopt their successors? The lack of natural heirs was the main reason why all these emperors were all adopted. Only some of ...
Hadrian`s Second Jewish Revolt
... origins of the Second Jewish revolt remains a crucial and widely-disputed issue; moreover, the question as to what led to the revolt is an important one since the relatively peaceful internal development of Judaism in the period following the first Jewish revolt until the outbreak of the second, pro ...
... origins of the Second Jewish revolt remains a crucial and widely-disputed issue; moreover, the question as to what led to the revolt is an important one since the relatively peaceful internal development of Judaism in the period following the first Jewish revolt until the outbreak of the second, pro ...
watchman`s teaching letter - Clifton Emahiser
... the joint kingdom proved strong enough to be viable, becoming a Vandal Kingdom. Gunderic was their leader since sometime in the 410’s. This left the Suebi Kingdom in control of the northwest of Spain. When the [Germanic]-Alans lost their leader Ataces, with almost all his army, in battle against Val ...
... the joint kingdom proved strong enough to be viable, becoming a Vandal Kingdom. Gunderic was their leader since sometime in the 410’s. This left the Suebi Kingdom in control of the northwest of Spain. When the [Germanic]-Alans lost their leader Ataces, with almost all his army, in battle against Val ...
Polybius, Machiavelli, and the Idea of Roman Virtue
... and historian of the Roman state. Yet for all his experience as a political and military advisor, Polybius is today remembered mostly as an historian’s historian, given to frequent digressions on topics as far-flung as geography and philosophy, and rather a bore to read when compared with other Rom ...
... and historian of the Roman state. Yet for all his experience as a political and military advisor, Polybius is today remembered mostly as an historian’s historian, given to frequent digressions on topics as far-flung as geography and philosophy, and rather a bore to read when compared with other Rom ...
Author`s Note - Phoenix Labs
... What began as a prison breakout by seventy-four men armed only with cleavers and skewers had turned into a revolt by thousands. And it wasn’t over: a year later the force would number roughly 60,000 rebel troops. With an estimated 1-1.5 million slaves in Italy, the rebels amounted to around 4 per ce ...
... What began as a prison breakout by seventy-four men armed only with cleavers and skewers had turned into a revolt by thousands. And it wasn’t over: a year later the force would number roughly 60,000 rebel troops. With an estimated 1-1.5 million slaves in Italy, the rebels amounted to around 4 per ce ...
The Parthians of Augustan Rome - American Journal of Archaeology
... lost during three different military campaigns— not just one standard, but well over 100 of them. His return from the East coincided with the publication of the Aeneid, which diagrammed the origins of Rome in the East, the rise of a new Troy in the West, and the creation of a novum saeculum, which A ...
... lost during three different military campaigns— not just one standard, but well over 100 of them. His return from the East coincided with the publication of the Aeneid, which diagrammed the origins of Rome in the East, the rise of a new Troy in the West, and the creation of a novum saeculum, which A ...
The Spartacus War - Study Strategically
... remains a classic. It was loosely based on a bestselling 1951 novel by Howard Fast, which he wro after serving a jail term for contempt of Congress during the McCarthy era. An American Communi who eventually left the party, Fast was not the first Communist to admire Spartacus. Lenin, Stalin an Karl ...
... remains a classic. It was loosely based on a bestselling 1951 novel by Howard Fast, which he wro after serving a jail term for contempt of Congress during the McCarthy era. An American Communi who eventually left the party, Fast was not the first Communist to admire Spartacus. Lenin, Stalin an Karl ...
agricola, tacitus, and scotland - Council for British Archaeology
... campaigning, although the historian could not resist the 'gloss' that it was not uncostly. Numismatic evidence could support the assertion ofCerialis' penetration ofsouthern Scotland, and perhaps as far north, indeed, as Strageath (Shotter 2000). That Tacitus - and probably Agricola, too - entertain ...
... campaigning, although the historian could not resist the 'gloss' that it was not uncostly. Numismatic evidence could support the assertion ofCerialis' penetration ofsouthern Scotland, and perhaps as far north, indeed, as Strageath (Shotter 2000). That Tacitus - and probably Agricola, too - entertain ...
Not by a Nose: The Triumph of Antony and Cleopatra at Actium, 31 BC
... at Macedonian Philippi, Octavian and Antony, at that time still allies, had eliminated the threat posed by Julius Caesar's assassins, the "Liberators," Brutus and Cassius. But Actium was the finale. At Actilll11, Octavian defeated his la~t ~erious rival and so could finally pl'l1ceed with his master ...
... at Macedonian Philippi, Octavian and Antony, at that time still allies, had eliminated the threat posed by Julius Caesar's assassins, the "Liberators," Brutus and Cassius. But Actium was the finale. At Actilll11, Octavian defeated his la~t ~erious rival and so could finally pl'l1ceed with his master ...
History of Rome from the Earliest times down to 476 AD
... difficulties is through the Julian Alps on the east. It was over this pass that the Barbarians swept down in their invasions of the country. The Apennines, which are a continuation of the Alps, extend through the whole of the peninsula. Starting in the Maritime Alps, they extend easterly towards th ...
... difficulties is through the Julian Alps on the east. It was over this pass that the Barbarians swept down in their invasions of the country. The Apennines, which are a continuation of the Alps, extend through the whole of the peninsula. Starting in the Maritime Alps, they extend easterly towards th ...
The Rmaniration of Hellenistlc Agora Forre in Southera Asia Minor
... southern Asia Minos (fig.1) began to bring about subtle changes in public architecture. ' This process of Romanization occurred over several centuries and was dif ferent in each region of the Empire and in each city.' In certain cases the Romans would come in and plunder, destroying any evidence of ...
... southern Asia Minos (fig.1) began to bring about subtle changes in public architecture. ' This process of Romanization occurred over several centuries and was dif ferent in each region of the Empire and in each city.' In certain cases the Romans would come in and plunder, destroying any evidence of ...
The Naked Truth Naturists “Nudesletter”
... It is clear from Clement that in Alexandria at the end of the second century—contemporaneous with Irenaeus and Tertullian—mixed bathing by all classes was not only customary but also a popular activity in which Christian men and women engaged. – Roy Bowen Ward ("Women in Roman Baths,") Harvard Theol ...
... It is clear from Clement that in Alexandria at the end of the second century—contemporaneous with Irenaeus and Tertullian—mixed bathing by all classes was not only customary but also a popular activity in which Christian men and women engaged. – Roy Bowen Ward ("Women in Roman Baths,") Harvard Theol ...
The Letters of Cicero
... ■ Cicero wrote many letters of various types; some to family, and those close to him, but also many were formal letters, or letters addressed to the public. ■ The letters written by Cicero take place over the course of a very interesting time in Roman history, and Cicero was a central figure in many ...
... ■ Cicero wrote many letters of various types; some to family, and those close to him, but also many were formal letters, or letters addressed to the public. ■ The letters written by Cicero take place over the course of a very interesting time in Roman history, and Cicero was a central figure in many ...
Lesson I ideal citizen of a republic In the beginning Rome, too, was
... pleaded, threatened, and used every weapon that might win a woman’s heart. But not even the fear of death could bend her will. ‘If death does not move you,’ Sextus cried, ‘dishonor will. I will kill you first, then cut the throat of a slave and lay his naked body by your side. Will they not believe ...
... pleaded, threatened, and used every weapon that might win a woman’s heart. But not even the fear of death could bend her will. ‘If death does not move you,’ Sextus cried, ‘dishonor will. I will kill you first, then cut the throat of a slave and lay his naked body by your side. Will they not believe ...
Ammianus, the Romans and Constantius II: Res Gestae XIV.6 and
... processions of both the unmilitary senators and the unmilitary emperor are set out in military terms. Those in charge of the senatorial households are likened to “skilled battle commanders” (XIV.6.17: proeliorum periti rectores) lining up first the catervas densas...et fortes, then the light-armed ...
... processions of both the unmilitary senators and the unmilitary emperor are set out in military terms. Those in charge of the senatorial households are likened to “skilled battle commanders” (XIV.6.17: proeliorum periti rectores) lining up first the catervas densas...et fortes, then the light-armed ...
Untitled - Yakama Nation Legends Casino
... Hannibal was born six years before the end of the first great war between Rome and Carthage. He was the son of Hamilcar Barca, Barca being one of the most distinguished families in Carthage. Their name meant ‘Thunderbolt’, and they could trace their descent back to Queen Elissa (Dido), the legendary ...
... Hannibal was born six years before the end of the first great war between Rome and Carthage. He was the son of Hamilcar Barca, Barca being one of the most distinguished families in Carthage. Their name meant ‘Thunderbolt’, and they could trace their descent back to Queen Elissa (Dido), the legendary ...
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS – aims
... purpose of these appears to have been to sustain by sea large armies campaigning north of the Forth, so avoiding the long and manpower-consuming lines of communication through southern Scotland which had characterised earlier Roman incursions. In addition, a number of temporary camps have been convi ...
... purpose of these appears to have been to sustain by sea large armies campaigning north of the Forth, so avoiding the long and manpower-consuming lines of communication through southern Scotland which had characterised earlier Roman incursions. In addition, a number of temporary camps have been convi ...
the geography of rebellion: strategy and supply in the two `sicilian
... eventual (and, perhaps, inevitable) defeat suffered by the rebels does not negate the importance of how they fought, and the potential problems this caused for Rome. Nor should their defeat suggest, automatically, that the rebels fought without strategy or skill. Even more so than this, we must not ...
... eventual (and, perhaps, inevitable) defeat suffered by the rebels does not negate the importance of how they fought, and the potential problems this caused for Rome. Nor should their defeat suggest, automatically, that the rebels fought without strategy or skill. Even more so than this, we must not ...
AHIS3110 - University of Newcastle
... the Horse, and to those of Antonius, Caesar's colleague in the consulship, who were promising to avenge Caesar's death, most of the conspirators' group dispersed. The conspirators being thus deserted gathered some gladiators and others who were implacably hostile to Caesar, or who had had a share in ...
... the Horse, and to those of Antonius, Caesar's colleague in the consulship, who were promising to avenge Caesar's death, most of the conspirators' group dispersed. The conspirators being thus deserted gathered some gladiators and others who were implacably hostile to Caesar, or who had had a share in ...
Roman economy
The history of the Roman economy covers the period of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. Recent research has led to a positive reevaluation of the size and sophistication of the Roman economy.Moses Finley was the chief proponent of the primitivist view that the Roman economy was ""underdeveloped and underachieving,"" characterized by subsistence agriculture; urban centres that consumed more than they produced in terms of trade and industry; low-status artisans; slowly developing technology; and a ""lack of economic rationality."" Current views are more complex. Territorial conquests permitted a large-scale reorganization of land use that resulted in agricultural surplus and specialization, particularly in north Africa. Some cities were known for particular industries or commercial activities, and the scale of building in urban areas indicates a significant construction industry. Papyri preserve complex accounting methods that suggest elements of economic rationalism, and the Empire was highly monetized. Although the means of communication and transport were limited in antiquity, transportation in the 1st and 2nd centuries expanded greatly, and trade routes connected regional economies. The supply contracts for the army, which pervaded every part of the Empire, drew on local suppliers near the base (castrum), throughout the province, and across provincial borders. The Empire is perhaps best thought of as a network of regional economies, based on a form of ""political capitalism"" in which the state monitored and regulated commerce to assure its own revenues. Economic growth, though not comparable to modern economies, was greater than that of most other societies prior to industrialization.Socially, economic dynamism opened up one of the avenues of social mobility in the Roman Empire. Social advancement was thus not dependent solely on birth, patronage, good luck, or even extraordinary ability. Although aristocratic values permeated traditional elite society, a strong tendency toward plutocracy is indicated by the wealth requirements for census rank. Prestige could be obtained through investing one's wealth in ways that advertised it appropriately: grand country estates or townhouses, durable luxury items such as jewels and silverware, public entertainments, funerary monuments for family members or coworkers, and religious dedications such as altars. Guilds (collegia) and corporations (corpora) provided support for individuals to succeed through networking, sharing sound business practices, and a willingness to work.