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The Punic Wars
The Punic Wars

... • Rome is unable to defeat Hannibal in Italy  • So…patrician general Scipio Aemilius Africanus sailed a Roman army across the Mediterranean, landed in North Africa, and headed for Carthage! • Hannibal forced to leave Italy to protect Carthage • Carthage is defeated at the Battle of Zama, fought out ...
THE ROMAN EMPIRE
THE ROMAN EMPIRE

... to create a connection between the city and its territories across rivers. These bridges were built out of stone and as a result were strong and durable. ...
Document Based Questions on Julius Caesar
Document Based Questions on Julius Caesar

... senators, ran the government. Poor men (called ​plebeians​) had much less power. The plebeians fought for fairer treatment. A plebeian, who was a free man (someone who was not a slave), could be a Roman ​citizen​. People in lands conquered by the Romans could become citizens too. Women and slaves th ...
MYTH: Junius Brutus
MYTH: Junius Brutus

... much as Tarpeia had done so many years before. Secretly, at night, they would open one of the gates. The Etruscan allies of Tarquin could sneak into the city and by morning Rome would again belong to a king. ...
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The World of Classical Rome
The World of Classical Rome

... During the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, the Romans conquered almost the entire Mediterranean world. The wealth of the Roman empire produced the public baths, gardens, libraries, circuses, theatres and amphitheatres whose ruins have fascinated the world ever since. An elaborate network of roads and aque ...
Ancient Rome
Ancient Rome

... century B.C. plebeians could be counsels and in 287 B.C. the council of the plebs received the right to pass laws for all Rome. Despite these gains, a wealthy ruling class dominated political life. G. One of Rome’s most important contributions was its system of law. Rome’s first code of law, the Twe ...
Morey, William Carey. Outlines of Roman History. New York
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The Roman Republic - users.miamioh.edu
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... sister, the triumvirate disintegrated into a two man alliance. Finally in 52 BCE with Caesar still in Gaul, Caesar’s enemies persuaded the Senate to declare Caesar a “public enemy” and asked Pompey to “save the Republic” The alliance of Pompey and Caesar was now in serious disarray. The civil war th ...
OLIGARCHIC "DEMOCRACY" - Monthly Review Archives
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THE SEVEN KINGS OF ROME
THE SEVEN KINGS OF ROME

... weapons and the hands that wielded them. Eager for the contest and inspired by the voices round them, they advanced into the open space between the opposing lines. The two armies were sitting in front of their respective camps, relieved from personal danger but not from anxiety, since upon the fortu ...
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... The Julio-Claudians dominated the Roman Empire in its formative years. After Julius Caesar was assassinated, his nephew and adoptive son, Gaius Octavius, took up his uncle’s place. Julius Caesar and Octavius were members of the Julii family, an old clan that dated back to the earliest history of Rom ...
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Ancient Rome. History and culture
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... citizen. People in lands conquered by the Romans could become citizens too. But women and slaves could not be citizens, so they could not vote in elections. Rich men and plebeians fought for the control of power. By the 1st century BC, Rome conquered many areas in France, England, Spain, and the Nor ...
Brutus, the Noblest Roman of them All
Brutus, the Noblest Roman of them All

... Brutus, the Noblest Roman of them All By definition, noble is having moral character, courage, generosity, honor and bravery to do what is right. It is finding the truth and reason in everything that happens around you. Many of the characters in Julius Caesar have a selfish goal to gain more power a ...
- St. Agnes Cathedral School
- St. Agnes Cathedral School

... The Romans believed in many gods. When Romans conquered other lands, they often adopted the gods of those countries. Many Greek gods were given Roman names. For example, Jupiter was the same as Zeus. Venus was patterned after Aphrodite. Within 300 years after Christ was born, Christianity had become ...
- Bright Star Schools
- Bright Star Schools

... In about 387 BCE, a city on the Italian peninsula began acquiring land and building an empire. That city was Rome. For more than one thousand years, Rome controlled the western world. Rome grew into a powerful empire in part because of how it treated the people it conquered. If a city was defeated b ...
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Cursus honorum



The cursus honorum (Latin: ""course of offices"") was the sequential order of public offices held by aspiring politicians in both the Roman Republic and the early Empire. It was designed for men of senatorial rank. The cursus honorum comprised a mixture of military and political administration posts. Each office had a minimum age for election. There were minimum intervals between holding successive offices and laws forbade repeating an office.These rules were altered and flagrantly ignored in the course of the last century of the Republic. For example, Gaius Marius held consulships for five years in a row between 104 BC and 100 BC. Officially presented as opportunities for public service, the offices often became mere opportunities for self-aggrandizement. The reforms of Lucius Cornelius Sulla required a ten-year period between holding another term in the same office.To have held each office at the youngest possible age (suo anno, ""in his year"") was considered a great political success, since to miss out on a praetorship at 39 meant that one could not become consul at 42. Cicero expressed extreme pride not only in being a novus homo (""new man""; comparable to a ""self-made man"") who became consul even though none of his ancestors had ever served as a consul, but also in having become consul ""in his year"".
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