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Wars and Battles of Ancient Rome
Wars and Battles of Ancient Rome

aus: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 88 (1991) 291–295
aus: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 88 (1991) 291–295

The Augsburg Confession - Church Matters Solutions
The Augsburg Confession - Church Matters Solutions

... many important European east-west and north-south connections, which later evolved as major trade routes of the Middle Ages.[5] Around 120 AD Augsburg became the capital of the Roman province Raetia. Augsburg was sacked by the Huns in the 5th century AD, by Charlemagne in the 8th century, and by Wel ...
Chapter Nine: Publicans and Patriarchs: The Rise of Roman Family
Chapter Nine: Publicans and Patriarchs: The Rise of Roman Family

... '…her kings are not…always drawn from a single family of no more than ordinary merit….[but] from any family which is outstanding at the time, and they are drawn from it by election, and not by seniority.' 4 A popular assembly played a management role as well. Appointed boards of merchant-princes ser ...
The Saylor Foundation 1 Titus (79-81 AD): Great Promise Cut Short
The Saylor Foundation 1 Titus (79-81 AD): Great Promise Cut Short

... become “Orientalized,” as Cleopatra had done to Mark Antony. When Vespasian died in 79 AD, Titus was his obvious successor. However, many feared that Titus would become a tyrannical emperor because of his reputation for brutality and his association with a foreign queen. Instead, Titus become known ...
Bremen School District 228 Social Studies Common Assessment 3
Bremen School District 228 Social Studies Common Assessment 3

... by this arrangement the senators would be unarmed and unprepared for battle, while he alone  had arms and maintained soldiers. Octavian was destined to have absolute control of all  matters for all time. When his ten­year period came to an end, he was voted for another five  years, then five more, a ...
Option 2 - Hannibal`s invasion and defeat - Translations
Option 2 - Hannibal`s invasion and defeat - Translations

... Carthaginian army, but the news leaked out and though they did considerable damage to the army, they suffered no less themselves. 50.5. Once the Carthaginian general learned that the tribesmen had already occupied key strong points ahead, he simply pitched camp at the entrance to the mountain passes ...
Bremen School District 228 Social Studies Common Assessment 3
Bremen School District 228 Social Studies Common Assessment 3

... by this arrangement the senators would be unarmed and unprepared for battle, while he alone  had arms and maintained soldiers. Octavian was destined to have absolute control of all  matters for all time. When his ten­year period came to an end, he was voted for another five  years, then five more, a ...
To sr th E ir: Roan agl as a diin ssngr and guardian oa sty o
To sr th E ir: Roan agl as a diin ssngr and guardian oa sty o

... reign. As a result, Roman art (sculpture, architecture, painting, etc.) from the turn of the 1st c. B.C. and the 1st c. A.D. (as well as the multitude of symbolic forms contained within) had for long been neglected, whilst considered a mere — more or less inspiring — imitation of Greek works4. In co ...
Reforms of the Gracchi Brothers
Reforms of the Gracchi Brothers

... Going against tradition again, Tiberius was the first tribune in two centuries to be reelected and proposed that the money left to the Roman people in the will of Attalus III (who lived in Pergamum, now Turkey) be used to help citizens stock and cultivate these farms; he also reduced the period of m ...
OCR GCSE (9-1) Latin Set Text Guide J282/03 Prose Literature B
OCR GCSE (9-1) Latin Set Text Guide J282/03 Prose Literature B

... Pliny the Younger Pliny the Younger (Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus) was born around AD 61 to a wealthy equestrian family in Novum Comum (modern Como) in northern Italy. We call him ‘the Younger’ to distinguish him from his uncle Gaius Plinius Secundus (Pliny ‘the Elder’), who wrote the Natural Hi ...
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000000000000000000000 - 2010

... Hannibal was influenced by his family’s military history, spending much time with his father Hamilcar Barca as a child and calling upon his brother Hasdrubal for support at Cannae. His father had a much greater influence: “Hamilcar was one of those men who arise to supply a demand” (Baker 45). Hamil ...
A Roman in Name Only: An Onomastic Study of Cultural
A Roman in Name Only: An Onomastic Study of Cultural

... inspiration in these societal attributes. The Romans brought their culture with them as they began to spread throughout the Mediterranean in the third century BCE, and interacted with the indigenous cultures that they encountered. While a great deal of cultural exchange certainly took place, victory ...
Early ImpErIal romE 27 BC to 117 aD
Early ImpErIal romE 27 BC to 117 aD

... Italy were emptied to provide additional troops, with mixed results. On the desert borders of the empire, camel-mounted troops acted as scouts and skirmishers for local garrisons. ...
Morey, William Carey. Outlines of Roman History. New York
Morey, William Carey. Outlines of Roman History. New York

... wealthy plebian woman and the second was his stepmother (Keaveney 10). The wealth he inherited changed his life. He soon became the quaestor to Gaius Marius and fought with him in the Jugurthine War in Africa. Sulla helped end the war through "clever and unscrupulous diplomacy" (Oman 120). Because o ...
Titus Andronicus - University of Houston
Titus Andronicus - University of Houston

... opposite, the proletariat. The two opposites will conflict until they generate a ...
Ivan IV, and Moscow as the Third Rome
Ivan IV, and Moscow as the Third Rome

... Third Rome. Ivan IV had Byzantine blood in him as he continued the legacy of Moscow as the Third Rome. Ivan IV, the Terrible. The grandson of Ivan III and Sophia was Ivan IV, the Terrible. For our purposes, we should understand that Ivan IV had Byzantine blood in him as he continued the legacy of Mo ...
The Cambridge Companion to THE ROMAN REPUBLIC
The Cambridge Companion to THE ROMAN REPUBLIC

... The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Republic examines many aspects of Roman history and civilization from 509 to 49 b.c. The key development of the republican period was Rome’s rise from a small city to a wealthy metropolis, which served as the international capital of an extensive Mediterranean em ...
“Where have all the leaders gone
“Where have all the leaders gone

- Sacramento - California State University
- Sacramento - California State University

... Medieval periods and includes lecture notes, worksheets and tests. It is designed to be equivalent to the HRS 10 course at CSUS. It is a course I hope to teach at the community college or college level. My intention is to cover art, architecture, literature, philosophy, drama, government, and social ...
view PDF - Journal of Pan African Studies
view PDF - Journal of Pan African Studies

... obscured within the promises of returning land to the peasant population that had been deprived of the resource through no fault of their own. Later on, with the advent of the years, and the dearth of plebeians willing to work the land, monetary recompense was the preferred modus operandi (method of ...
The Monetary Systems of the Greeks and Romans
The Monetary Systems of the Greeks and Romans

... The book discusses ancient money from multiple perspectives bringing together numismatics, history, anthropology and economics, in the spirit of what Hicks, writing about the theory of economic history, called the «… Forum where economists and political scientists, lawyers, sociologists and historia ...
PDF
PDF

... 3. The spectacle and religious affiliations of the Circus Maximus: from the regal period to the empire As mentioned above, the origins of the Circus has much to do with the political agency between cultic ritual and deity worship and sports and spectacles (Kyle, 2012, pp. 243–288). I have placed thi ...
Background on the Man and the Play
Background on the Man and the Play

... fighting abroad. ...
Johnston`s The Private Life of the Romans
Johnston`s The Private Life of the Romans

... place, the last seventy-five years have seen a very great advance in the knowledge of Classical Antiquities; it is possible to present in positive dogmatic form much in fields wherein, at one time, guesswork and speculation played a large part. 10. Finally, modern theories of education, which have n ...
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Early Roman army

The Early Roman army was deployed by ancient Rome during its Regal Era and into the early Republic around 300 BC, when the so-called ""Polybian"" or manipular legion was introduced.Until c. 550 BC, there was probably no ""national"" Roman army, but a series of clan-based war-bands, which only coalesced into a united force in periods of serious external threat. Around 550 BC, during the period conventionally known as the rule of king Servius Tullius, it appears that a universal levy of eligible adult male citizens was instituted. This development apparently coincided with the introduction of heavy armour for most of the infantry.The early Roman army was based on a compulsory levy from adult male citizens that was held at the start of each campaigning season, in those years that war was declared. There were probably no standing or professional forces. During the Regal Era (to c. 500 BC), the standard levy was probably of 9,000 men, consisting of 6,000 heavily armed infantry (probably Greek-style hoplites), plus 2,400 light-armed infantry (rorarii, later called velites) and 600 light cavalry (equites celeres). When the kings were replaced by two annually-elected praetores in c. 500 BC, the standard levy remained of the same size, but was now divided equally between the Praetors, each commanding one legion of 4,500 men.It is likely that the hoplite element was deployed in a Greek-style phalanx formation in large set-piece battles. However, these were relatively rare, with most fighting consisting of small-scale border-raids and skirmishing. In these, the Romans would fight in their basic tactical unit, the centuria of 100 men. In addition, clan-based forces remained in existence until at least c. 450 BC, although they would operate under the Praetors' authority, at least nominally.In 493 BC, shortly after the establishment of the Roman Republic, Rome concluded a perpetual treaty of military alliance (the foedus Cassianum), with the combined other Latin city-states. The treaty, probably motivated by the need for the Latins to deploy a united defence against incursions by neighbouring hill-tribes, provided for each party to provide an equal force for campaigns under unified command. It remained in force until 358 BC.
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