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N - University of California, Berkeley
N - University of California, Berkeley

... Glutathion (GSH) plays an essential role in deactivation (protective mechanism of AFB1); mice have higher GST levels than rats and rats are more susceptible to cancer from AFB . ...
Assignment #2
Assignment #2

... 3. A certain casino has a policy of cheating at dice throws as follows: a. There are two types of dice. The Fair dice, when thrown, shows the numbers 1 through 6 with equal probability. The Cheat dice when thrown shows the numbers 1 through 5 with equal probability and 6 with probability ½. b. If a ...
Chapter 12
Chapter 12

... Every enzyme/protein we discover is a new tool for scientists to use in the lab to manipulate DNA. DNA ligase was discovered when investigating DNA replication, but now we use it as a “glue” when subcloning genes into vectors. Now what should we do with this vector containing our gene or inte ...
The Polymerase Chain Reaction
The Polymerase Chain Reaction

... meaning that a population was in equilibrium because the allelic frequency doesn’t change from generation to generation. But the human species is not genetically stable enough for the Hardy Weinberg equation to equal one. Also the distribution of genotypes that were calculated was not right was beca ...
Enhanced Detection of Longer Insertions and Deletions in Clinical
Enhanced Detection of Longer Insertions and Deletions in Clinical

... Two types of DNA sequence alterations are reported following diagnostic exome sequencing (DES) – single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and insertions, deletions or indels (co-localized insertions and deletions; collectively referred to as indels for the purpose of simplicity). SNVs are the most common t ...
View PDF - Genetics
View PDF - Genetics

... by the “one-gene one-enzyme” hypothesis of George Beadle and Edward Tatum, by Max Delbruck’s choice of bacteriophage as a way to understand the gene, or by Salvador Luria’s demonstration, with Delbruck, that bacteria have real genes and are suitable material for genetics. There was also Erwin Schrod ...
section 2 jk - GitHub Pages
section 2 jk - GitHub Pages

... • Compressing  and  indexing   are  keys  to  efficiently   extracting  records  from  VCF  and  similar  files • This  strategy  requires  the  input  to  be  sorted  by   chromosome  and  coordinate – This  guarantees  that  the  record  for   chr1:10,000,00   is  after  the  index  entry  for  ch ...
A candidate region for Asperger syndrome defined by two
A candidate region for Asperger syndrome defined by two

... Asperger syndrome (AS) is a mild form of autistic disorder characterised by impairment in social interaction as well as a restricted pattern of behaviour, interests, and activities. Two patients with AS and balanced translocations t(13;17) and t(17;19), respectively, were identified. Fluorescent in ...
Tulane University Matrix DNA Diagnostics Lab
Tulane University Matrix DNA Diagnostics Lab

... FORM 1- Instructions for submission of specimen for DNA testing The patient should be fully informed about the test. Nature of the test/Methodology: The test detects mutations in the gene(s) involved in the synthesis of proteins of connective tissue using Sanger sequencing. Sanger sequencing is high ...
Multiple Choice - Test Bank Team
Multiple Choice - Test Bank Team

... Which of the following statements is confirmed by the Western blot shown? A. SWR1 deposits H2AZ histones into the nucleosome arrays. B. SWR1 function is not ATP-dependent. C. The antibody used in this experiment binds to the SWR1 complex. D. All of the above. ...
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Question 1 Red flower color is
Non-Mendelian Inheritance Question 1 Red flower color is

... F. One cell missing a chromosome, one cell with missing a chromosome and two healthy cells. (I believe it should be one cell missing a chromosome, one cell with addition a chromosome and two healthy cells) G. Two cells missing a chromosome and two healthy cells. H. Two cells missing a chromosome and ...
Bioinformatics
Bioinformatics

... • The DNA Data Bank of Japan is a DNA data bank. • It is located at the National Institute of Genetics of Japan. • It shares its data with European Molecular Biology Laboratory at the European Bioinformatics Institute and with GenBank at the National Center for Biotechnology Information. • The DNA D ...
Molecular phylogeny, part B
Molecular phylogeny, part B

... Molecular phylogenetics: A set of techniques that enable the evolutionary relationships between DNA sequences to be inferred by making comparisons between those sequences. Multigene family: A group of genes, clustered or dispersed, with related nucleotide sequences. Multiple alignment: An alignment ...
dna TRANSCRIPTION AND tRANSLATION
dna TRANSCRIPTION AND tRANSLATION

... Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, encodes for our entire genetic information. Nucleotide bases, or nucleobases, are the building blocks of DNA. While there are only 4 distinct nucleobases used to construct DNA, the human DNA is made up of a total of about 3 billion bases! The organization of these base ...
by plasmid
by plasmid

... I. What is a plasmid? 1. In addition to chromosome, bacteria cells often contain other DNA molecules called plasmids. It is an extrachromosomal DNA which can replicate independent of chromosome. 2. Naming plasmid (1) previously plasmids are named by the gene function they carry, for example, R-fact ...
4th Quarter test
4th Quarter test

... Chart used to look at a family’s genetic traits Graph used to look at DNA Sequencing of gene. ...
pen-1: perithecial neck-1 VII.  Linked csp-2 (4%)
pen-1: perithecial neck-1 VII. Linked csp-2 (4%)

... filters indicated that protoplasts in the size range 5-8 um (diameter) showed higher regeneration frequencies than those smaller or larger. Table I illustrates some of the techniques used to improve protoplast regeneration. Clearly, while consistent improvements in protoplast regeneration can be ach ...
DETERMINATIVE DEGREE AND NUCLEOTIDE CONTENT OF DNA
DETERMINATIVE DEGREE AND NUCLEOTIDE CONTENT OF DNA

... then four bases (1) can be presented as a vector-row V = C(4) G(3) T(2) A(1) . Then the exterior product M = V × V represents the doublet matrix M and corresponding rhombic code [12], and the triple exterior product K = V × V × V corresponds to the cubic matrix model of the genetic code which were d ...
4th Quarter test A
4th Quarter test A

... #25 Pieces of DNA from one kind of organism that contains DNA from another kind of organism is called ______. a. b. c. d. ...
Identification of C. elegans lin
Identification of C. elegans lin

... almost entirely outside the 693 by SalI (pVTSal) rescuing region. Comparison of these cDNA sequences with pVT2D sequences indicated that the corresponding mRNA is spliced from a primary transcript at conventional splice donor and acceptor sites within pVT2D that, for the most part, flank the pVTSal ...
Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

... Disadvantages of Asexual No new DNA combinations for evolution to work on ...
dna
dna

... 20. When a sperm and egg join, they create a single cell called a ___________________________________ 21. Each child inherits a __________________________ set of chromosomes. ...
In search of essentiality: Mollicute-specific genes
In search of essentiality: Mollicute-specific genes

Bacteriophages use an expanded genetic code on
Bacteriophages use an expanded genetic code on

... account estimates of sequencing errors using re-calibrated base quality scores. Since frequencies are independently estimated at each position and short DNA sequencing reads may overlap one position but not extend to others, the total frequency of mutants estimated in a sample is subject to uncertai ...
A programme for the construction of a lambda phage
A programme for the construction of a lambda phage

... The genome of bacteriophage lambda contains approximately fifty genes, about half of which are essential for lytic growth. The DNA is packaged into the head of the mature phage particle as a non-permuted, linear, duplex molecule with single-stranded, 5' projections of 12 nucleotides at each end. The ...
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Genomic library



A genomic library is a collection of the total genomic DNA from a single organism. The DNA is stored in a population of identical vectors, each containing a different insert of DNA. In order to construct a genomic library, the organism's DNA is extracted from cells and then digested with a restriction enzyme to cut the DNA into fragments of a specific size. The fragments are then inserted into the vector using DNA ligase. Next, the vector DNA can be taken up by a host organism - commonly a population of Escherichia coli or yeast - with each cell containing only one vector molecule. Using a host cell to carry the vector allows for easy amplification and retrieval of specific clones from the library for analysis.There are several kinds of vectors available with various insert capacities. Generally, libraries made from organisms with larger genomes require vectors featuring larger inserts, thereby fewer vector molecules are needed to make the library. Researchers can choose a vector also considering the ideal insert size to find a desired number of clones necessary for full genome coverage.Genomic libraries are commonly used for sequencing applications. They have played an important role in the whole genome sequencing of several organisms, including the human genome and several model organisms.
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